IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-S) 


<•  ^\<^ 


^ 


1.0    ^^ 


I.I 


125 


mm 


■  2.2 

^  us,  i2.c 


Wiat. 


I; 
ii 


1.25   ||U    III  1.6 

< 

6"     

» 

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0> 


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I^otDgraphic 

ScMices 

Corporation 


33  WIST  MAIN  STRUT 

WiBSTM.AI.Y.  14510 

(716)t72-4S03 


h. 


^ 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Micror«n<oductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


□ 


D 


D 


D 


D 


13 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommag^e 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaur^  et/ou  pellicui^e 


I      I    Cover  title  missing/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


I      I    Coloured  maps/ 


Cartes  giographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


□   Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


H    Bound  with  other  material/ 
RbM  avec  d'autres  documents 


Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  liure  serr6e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  ie  long  de  la  marge  int^rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajout^es 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaiisent  dans  le  texte. 
mais.  lorsque  cela  6tait  possibi*},  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  it6  filmies. 


L'Institut  a  microfilm*  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  Stt  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique.  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite.  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m6thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu6s  ci-dessous. 


I     I   Coloured  pages/ 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagdes 

Pages  restored  and/oi 

Pages  restauries  et/ou  pelliculies 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxei 
Pages  d^color^es.  tacheties  ou  piqu6es 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  ditachies 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Qualiti  inigale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  materif 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplimentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


I      I  Pages  damaged/ 

I      I  Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 

rr^  Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 

I      I  Pages  detached/ 

rri  Showthrough/ 

I      I  Quality  of  print  varies/ 

I      I  Includes  supplementary  material/ 

I     I  Only  edition  available/ 


D 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc..  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata.  une  pelure, 
etc..  ont  M  filmtes  d  nouveau  de  fapon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  po&sible. 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  supplimentaires: 


This  article  taken  from  :  Smithsonian  Institute, 
vol.  XI,  art.  5,  Washington,  1859. 


Constributions  to  Knowledge, 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  raicio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  f ilm*  au  taux  de  rAd  jction  indiquA  ci-dessous. 

10X  14X  18X  ax 


26X 


30X 


I 


12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


2SX 


32X 


examplaire 
irer.  Les  details 
tre  uniques  du 

peuvent  modifier 
ivent  exiger  une 
rmale  de  filmage 


lated/ 
culies 

3r  foxed/ 
I  ou  piqu6es 


ion 

terial/ 
l^mantaire 


soured  by  errata 
in  refilmed  to 
ige/ 

rtiellement 
errata,  une  pelure. 
lau  de  faf  on  A 
o&sibie. 


)  Knowledgs, 


30X 


L 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library, 

Geological  Survey  of  Canada 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion,  or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  Impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  Illustrated  impression. 


32X 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  iframes  as 
required.  The  following  diegrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


1 

2 

3 

L'exemplaire  filmA  f ut  reproduit  grice  A  la 
gintrosltA  de: 

Bibliothdqua, 

Commission  Giologiqua  du  Canada 

Les  images  sulvantes  ont  klih  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grsnd  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  at 
de  la  nettet6  de  rexempiaire  fllmA,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  Imprimte  sont  film6s  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'Impression  ou  d'lllustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmto  en  commenpant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'Impression  ou  d'lllustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboies  suivants  apparaftra  sur  la 
dernlAre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  —^  signifie  "A  SUiVRE",  le 
symbols  ▼  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  csrtes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
filmte  h  des  taux  de  reduction  diff6rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  cliche,  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  I'angle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  h  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nicesssire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
lllustrent  la  mithode. 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

I  '^yT'^"''^^^TTiffff^B 


! 


SMITHSONIAN  CONTRIBUTIONS  TO  KNOWLKIX;  K. 


METEOROLOGICAL    OBSERVATIONS 


A  R  (;  r  1  c    s  E  A  s 


IIY 


KLISIIA  KENT  KANE.  M.I)..  T.S.N. 


.MU>i:  M\i;iN.:  Tin:  m:..,n-|i  u1(inm:i.i.  i:\n:iiiTi,iN-  iv  ^i-uau  nr  >:,;  .i,,ii\  ikanm.i.n 

IN  I--   i-i.  \M' I-,,    w  VAN  ia:.\>M:i,Ai:i;  iiAiiiiuii   AMiuiiuai 

i'MiM>  ii.N  riii:  wi:.-!'  ihast  hk  hiiiu'm.a.mi 


Ki.iircKH  AMI  iii,-ci>si:ii. 


m 


C  11  A  l{  I,  i;s   A.   sun  OTT. 


I  VM    I-.  >.   ■  .lASI-  SIllVJA. 


11 


t  A.  .  i.r  I  i:i>  1  .■!,  n  1. 1,1.  A  I  I.I. \  ,  m  v  ■,  .   I  ".■>>.  J 


.  I.  I  >  ^  ,     1'  I.  1  >    I    1-  i 
IMIl.AI'Ki.ntl.V. 


(M>  N  T  K  NTS 


l\Tl!Mlin Tii!lV  t.ivnKii 


I'MM  I      ri:Mi'i:i!.\Tri!i:s. 


liilnpi|ii.|Mr\  lint, 

(Jciicnil  iiniiiiiil  iiiiil  (li'ir|ij|imriil  iil    iiiilrs  cnrrifl  !■  m- 

Iti'ciil-il  111'  iilmiispliiTir  li'iii|icviiliiri'- 

Iiivt'>liL'ali(in  iif  llii'iliiinuil  VMiiuliiui 

IllVl'Stiplliull  '>(   till'  illllllllll   Mll'illtinli 

liillili'iirc  111'  hIihI  iiiiiI  >iiii\v  mi  llir  lriii|ii'i'iiluri' 

Aiiiily-i^  111'  till'  I'l'i'iirniii'i'  111'  niiixiiim  of  I'liM  iliii'iiiL'  winlrr 

'riiliiiliitinM  111'  liiiiiiiy  1-iiiTi.i'liiiiis  I'lir  |«'riiiilii'  viiriiitimi- 

Pl'I'I'I'IISl'  ill'    lllMlllTlllUI'l'  Witll  cll'Vlllliill 

Siirl'iii'i'  ti'ni|iii';iliii-i'  nf  -i-i  wiiIit  ... 


-.1 


I'mm    II     -  AVI  mis. 


IhllMllllI'li.lh 

UiTui'il  111'  till'  .ili^' 1-  .ilimi-  ••(  ihi'  wiiiil 

Milliuil  ill'  I'liliii'iiiiii 

lliMU-i'iii  111'  till'  ri'>uliiii,ir  iliri'riiiiii  ill'  till'  uiiiil 

Avi'iii'.'-i'  I'lirii'  111'  till'  v.iiiils 

ll|siMi>-iiin  111'  llii'  iiii'iiri  M'li«-ily  nl'  tin-  <:iiiii' 

Itls(•^l^sill1l  III'  till' i|iiiintitv  iiiiil  l'r.'i|iii'iii'y  nl'  tin'  wiiiil- 

iMiriitiiiii  111'  till'  uiiiil^ 

IJiltlllioll   111'   llli'  ^lll'.lr 

N..||.  .11,  ..-;i!...  .... 


j'Mii    I  II        A'l'MOSI'jlKH  IC    IMSKSSl 

jiilriiiliii'liiiii  '  ' 

t'iiin|iiii'iMiii  III'  llic  iiiu'i'niii  mill  iin'i'riii'iiil  Imrmiicli'i's 
Itwiii'il  iif  liuiiily  iilisirviiliiiiw  ill'  till'  iiliniis|iliri'lr  iii'i's>iii'i' 
l>iscii.->iiiii  III'  Micilini'iiiil  viu-iiili.iii 

l>is('IISsll)11  ill'    till'  llllllMlll    VUfiiltlilll  .... 

IiTi'iriiliir  iiM'illiitiiMis  iliiinml  cliaiif-'i'.  inniitlily  iiiul  iiiiiiiiiil  I'xli'ciiu's 

Sluti'  111'  111!'  liariiiMclcr  iliirlii.u'  irnli'^ 

Stall' 111'  till' liiifiiim'liT  ilufiiifr  fiiiii 

l>i'|ii'iiiU'iiri'  III'  aliiiiisiilii'rii'  in-i'ssuri'  mi  llu'  ilii'i'rtimi  iil'  tin'  wiinl  . 

(',iMi|iari- r  till'  I'l'lalivi'  iIi'|ii'mi1i'Ui'i'  nl'  |in'<siifi'  aiiil  li'Mi|ii'ratiii'i'  mi  tlii'  wiiul 


i;  !•; 


lii,'^ 
liiO 
IKI 

Ihi 
111 
111 


1  !:1! 


m 


\ 


I  NT  WO  I)  r  (IT  OH  Y    LKTT  V.W 


AVa^iiim.tuv.  .1/,/,,  17.  l>:,;,s. 
I'KiU'KSSdli  .IiiSKl'll    ilKNIiV,  liL.l).. 

Snfiiid-jl  I  if  I  III   Sinilli'iiiiiiiia  /ifliliiliiiii  : 

I)i:ai!  Siu:  The  recorils  id'  tlu'  iiictcoioldjiicnl  olisfrviUioiis  iiiiulc  iiiiiUt  tin' 
iliivctidii  of  Dr.  Kmiu',  ill  (lie  swdiid  cNiu'ditiini  to  tiic  Arctic  rcu'iuiis,  wciv  plMccd 
ill  my  liiiiids  iiy  his  hitc  hiiiRMitcil  I'atlicr,  .riiil.'c  Kane,  in  Dccciiiiur  List. 

Dr.  Kiiiic  hud  .selected  As.Mstiinl  Chiirle.s  A.  Schott,  of  tlie  Coast  Siii'voy.  for 
tlie  reduction  of  a  coii.siderahle  luirtioii  of  tlie  ohnervation.s  made  in  that  expi'di- 
lion  ,  and  I,  therefore,  jihiced  tliese  in  Mr.  Scliott's  possession  tor  reihiction  and 
discussion.  The  work  has  been  faitiifiilh-  performed,  and  I  reroninieiid  it  for 
imljlication  in  tlie  ■■  Siiiithsonian  ("ontrilintions  to  Knowledire."  It  is  proper  to 
slate  that  tlie  instruments  were  fnrnislie(l  in  part  \>y  the  Smillisonian  Institution, 
.•ind  that  tlie  coinimtatioiis  have  been  nnid<'  at  its  e\[)ense. 

\'ery  respectfully.      ••  '  <. 

A.   •.'    IJACIlIv 


>  Xl 


V  A  l{  T    1 . 


n 


TKMPKll  AT  U  UES 


HKroiiD  AM)  nisrrssioN  or  tkmi'khahmU'S. 


TiiK  vvHfi']  of  till'  cxiiloriii?  cx-iKMliiidii  f'litcnd  (lie  winter  (|iinrt('rs  at  Vim  Rons- 
M'liicr  lliirlior,  on  tlic  fii.><t('rn  Ircinl  of  iIk-  I'liu^t  of  (Jiccnliuul  from  Sinitli'.s  Strait, 
on  till' sth  of  Si'|)ti'inlii'r,  IS').;.'  Krom  the  liist  of  tliiit  niontii,«liu  liml  not  cliiin;-'C'(l 
lur  poHition  a  mili-,  and  tlic  record  and  di^icnssion  of  llie  oljsi'rvations  for  .I'Miperu- 
tnre  will  therefore  coninience,  in  tin;  inesent  pajji'r,  with  Septeniljer  l^t,  and  ho 
continued  to  .lanunry  the  liltli,  iS.'i.").  Xliis  is  tlio  last  day  of  entry  in  the  original 
lojr-hook  in  my  possession.  Tho  temper.UnreH  after  that  date,  and  extendin;,'  to 
the  last  of  A|iril,  IS'i"),  have  heen  taken  from  Ajiiieudix  No.  XU.  of  the  second 
volnmo  of  the  narrative  of  tho  expodition. 

The  hay,  snrronnded  hy  elills,  is  open  toward.s  the  nortii  and  west,  and  the  Iiarhnr 
is  in  latitude  78°  .'i"',  and  in  longitude  7t)°  ")."i'-  went  of  (Ireenwieli. 

Uy  the  ■J.'sth  of  Septendier,  lS.'i;i,  the  erection  of  tiie  meteorolojiical  observatory 
on  the  tloe  had  heen  completed.  It  was  a  wooden  structure,  placed  I  !'•  yards  from 
tho  .slii|),  on  the  open  iee-lield,  lattioed  and  [liereed  with  auger-holes  on  ail  sides,  so 
as  to  allow  the  air  to  pass  freely,  and  was  fninly  ei'inented  to  tiie  ice  at  the  liase  hy 
tVee/ing.  To  giiai'd  against  tiie  tine  and  ahnost  iMi|ialiialile  drift  which  insinuates 
ilself  everywhere,  and  which  woidd  inlerl'ero  with  liie  ohservalion  of  minute  and 
snddi'U  changes  of  teinperaturi-,  a  series  of  ."creeus  were  placed  at  right  angles  to 
each  other,  so  as  to  snrronnd  the  inner  clnunher.  The  thermometers  were  sus- 
pended within  the  central  clnimliers  ;  a  pane  of  glass  permitted  the  light  of  tho 
lanterns  to  reai'h  them  from  a  dist.inco,  and  a  lens  ami  eyeglass  were  so  fixed  a.s  to 
allow  oh.serviug  the  instrmnents  without  going  inside  tho  screens.  One  of  them — 
a  three-feet  s[iirit  standard,  hy  Taglialtue,  of  New  York,  graduated  to  70^  minus — 
was  of  sulliciontly  extended  scale  to  he  read,  hy  rapid  ins|)oetion,  to  tonth.s  of  a 
degree.  It  was  not  desired  uhsolutely  to  nentrali/.e  the  inlluenee  of  the  winds,  hut 
to  make  tho  oxposnre  to  them  .so  uniform  as  to  give  comparable  results  for  every 
(piarter  of  the  compass.' 

The  expedition  was  well  .snp|)lled  with  thermomoters.  Thirty-six  mcrcnrial 
thermometers  were  received  from  tho  Natiomil  Ob.sorvatory  at  Washington,  I),  C. 
Their  corrections  near  the  freezing  point  were  determined  at  tho  observatory,  and 


li 


II 


1' 


a 


'  See  Xiirnilive  of  tlie  Kxpoililiiiii,  Vol.  II.  p.  394. 

•  Till.'  result  of  a  new  reduction  of  the  moou  I'ulmuintioiis. 

•  See  NurriUive,  Vol.  1.  [p.  117. 


2  It  i:  (•  ()  K  I>   A  N  11    1)  I  S  (•  V  S  S  I  0  X    O  I"   T  K  .M  I"  Iv  11  A  T  U  11  K  S. 

agiiiii  1)3'  Mr.  Sonnliiir.  liy  iiioans  of  Mr.  T!i'jliiil)iii''s  standiird.  IJc.^iile.s  tliosc.  tlicro 
woro  four  nuixiiiiiiin  mid  iV)iir  uiiiiiinmn  tliormoiin-'tc'r.-*,  nnd  two  do/.i'ii  spirit  tln'r- 
monii'tcrs  of  various  size*,  incliidinj!:  two  .-. .iiidards  witli  a  register  'M  inclit's  in 
loiiLitli.'  \\y  Olio  of  tlicso,  and  a  nit'i'i'iirial  standard  of  tlio  saiiu-  lenglli,  most  of 
till'  ti'iiipi'ratiiivs  of  tlio  air  were  noted. 

Dr.  Kane  reiiiaiks:-  '•  Tlie  teiniieratnre  on  the  Hoes  was  alway.s  soinewliat  higher 
tliaii  at  the  ishind.  tlie  iliHerenoe  being  due,  a.s  I  suppose,  to  the  heat  coiuhieted  Uy 
the  sea-water,  whiiii  was  at  a  teiii|ieratiire  of  +211°,  the  susiieiided  iiistnniieiit.s 
biiiig  iillected  hv  radiation." 

'I'his  was  on  the  17th  of  .laniiai\\',  IS'il.  On  another  page,  lie  savs:'  "  l'[ion  tlie 
ii't'-lioi's,  eoninieiii'iiig  witli  a  siirl'aee  temperature  of  — •')!•,  I  louiid,  at  two  feet  deep, 
a  teiiiperatiirc  ol' — S  ,  and  at  limr  feet  +-''.  and  at  eigiit  feet  4-"Ji)'-'."  'I'iiis  was 
in  midwinter,  on  tlie  hirgest  lioe  in  the  iij  .n  way  oil'  ('a[ie  Stall'ord.  This  sulijeet 
will  again  \>v  referii'd  to. 

('oiniiiiri^tiii  ff  Till  niii'iiiilcrn. — Tlie  dill'ereiit  readings  of  the  instrununts.  p;ir- 
tieulaily  at  temperatures  helow  — lO"",  made  their  lVef|iieiit  comparison,  in  oriler  to 
olitain  eorrei'tive  elements,  a  matter  of  great  importance.  Appendix  No.  aI.  of 
the  x'liiiid  \(iiiime  of  the  narrative,  contains  a  full  eX[iiisition  of  the  unreliahle  iii- 
dii  atioMs  of  the  iustninuiits  at  very  low  temperatures,  and  to  this  appendix  the 
reader  mii\  he  refiired  for  further  details.'  Whether  these  an.imalies  lie  iliie  to 
inegiihnitirs  in  the  diameter  of  the  tiilies,  or  to  mieijual  enntraction  of  enlnred 
lluids  of  dill'eii'iit  speiilie  gravity,  it  is  admissilile  to  siip]io.se  that  the  errors  liir 
a  iiumlier  of  instruments,  edinpaied  at  the  same  temperature,  may  he  us  fiv- 
ipii'iitly  ill  exc'ss  as  in  defeet,  [irovided  they  keep  within  a  certain  limit,  heycuid 
which  the  indieiitinus  hecome  useless,  The  mean  readiiej  nf  all  tlieruiniui'ters  com- 
pareil  at  a  ci'itaiii  temperature  has.  theicfire.  hceii  taken  for  the  true  tiiupcratiire, 
anil,  liy  cninpariiig  ea(di  result  with  this  ni^aii,  a  series  of  corrections  has  heeu 
olitained  for  eaidi  instrument.     The  same  viiw  was  taken  liy  Dr.  Kane. 

Kroiu  the  coiiipaiisiuis  of  I''elinii:i'y  "illi,  (■ih,  and  '.Uli,  IS.") I.  I  was  led  to  suspect 
that  some  or  all  of  the  spirit  thermoiucters,  ilesigiia'ed  in  the  original  log-hook  \os. 
1,  "J.  '■''.  I.  •">.  were  pioli.ilily  identical  with  tlmse  in  the  taMe  of  Ap|ieiiili.\  No.  XI. 
in  \  111.  II.  of  the  narrative,  tlieii'  named  (',  I?,  No.  I,  .\,  .\o.  TJ,  res[ieciively.  The 
niinierniis  coni[iaiisoiis  given  in  that  appendix,  and  to  which  a  few  more  have  lieeii 
added,  made  it  uniiecessar3"  to  use  the  observations  fruiii  the  alio\e  liiiiiibers  in  the 
first  set  of  CDiiiparisiins  lietweeii  the  teiiiperatuies — i'lW  mid  — llo".  In  llie  follow- 
ing table,  a.'.raiiged  according  to  temperatures,  ,S' denotes  the  .lli  inch  spirit  stmidard, 
upon  which  instrument  tiie  temperatures  (leteiiiiiiied  by  the  (■xpedition  mainly 
depend;  .V ,,  ii  second  similar  slandaid;  J/,  the  ;'>()  incii  mercurial  standard;  the 
rest  me  alcoholic,  thermometers,  from  twelve  to  eighteen  inches  in  length  of  scale, 
Falneiiiieit's  scale  is  used  throimhout. 


'  Till'  u\|iiililiiiii  wu.s  iiK'i  pniviili'il  witli  uni'  nr  iniirc  clln'i-  tliiTTiiuiiHtiTs,  at  »liicli  1  luulil  liiiil  no 
fiirtlier  acnmiit, 

«  Sec  Xurriilivf,  \  ..I,  I,  |>,  l,"i4, 

•  .N'lirralive,  Vul,  I,  p.  l'HT, 

*  All  e.vtriu i  IVuiii  this  iippoiuli.x  will  Ije  fuiiliil  ul  the  cml  uf  tlii,s  iirliile. 


l 


n  K  C  0  15 1)    A  X  I)    DISCUSSION   O  F  T  K  M  I'  K  II  A  T  V  W  V.  S. 


CiiMI'.MUSiiN  dl- 'I'llKllMllMKrWl   ItK.MilNliS  IIKTWKKN  TIIK 
lli.n.i.        K.I..          l-.li.     ■     F.Oi.          .I«ii,     (      K.li.       Mar.'h         K.l.         .M.ir.l, 

TKMI'Kll.Vn  IIKS  — 1 

N      .\MI  — "I'l 
.M.ir.li         K.I., 

.   .M.M.i;   IN    1 

.M.ir.l'      .M.iiil. 

^."ll. 

.M,.i.  ! 

1.1. 

.M.ir.li          K-l.. 

.\..            .-.Ill,           .-.111      :      Uh.          -Ji'Ili           .M)i,          llrli           'ill.             .1.1 

.ill. 

Ilill.            i.lli. 

■  ill 

i.lll. 

,1,1.              i.l 

1'.,: 

12       — vii.d  —77. a  _7f,.'J  —T.i.0  —71."  — 1;4.-4  — 07.^  — .'.».ii 

r-   ., 

—.'.11.2  — .'iS.ii 

— .'i4..'. 

—.'.4.11 

—17..'.  — 4i;.7 

-44.1 

1        — 7.'»..^       ...     ,     ... 

4      —  ;ri.(i  — 7'i7  —74.0  —iiii.ri  — oii.u  — .'.s.7  — c;..'!  —  .'i:i..'i 

—  .'l.'i.ll 

— .'i;i.n  _•,:!.:. 

— .'i:i..'i 

— .'.:i..'. 

-4';.i  •-4.-:..'. 

-4:1.:; 

i      _7iii  — i;:p.(i     

8      -711..'.  -i;7..'i !    

11      — ii>.4     ...    1    '    

-41.4 

('     —114.(1  — li'j..^  — i::i.(i  —,'.7.0  — .'i4.ii     ...     -  4.'.. II 

—44.11 

...       -4J.7 

—4:1." 

—4:1.11 

_4ii..',  — iii.'j 

— :!s.-- 

.V     — (iii.;i  — .'ih.ii  — .'i7..i  — fi4.8  — .'.;i.ii  — .'iii.i;  — 4.;..;  — 4.'i..''i 

—  ii;.;i 

— i:i.-  —14." 

—4.-.. 11 

— 44.>• 

—41. -J  -4ii..« 

-:!:i.l 

.Vj)       ...         ...    i     ...         ...     '     ... 

...      — 44." 

.1      —.'.7.0  — Sd.o  — r.ii.'J  —r-:iM  —M.o  — 47.'^  — 44..'.  — 42.:i 

—14.11 

— 4I.S  —4.1.11 

-4:;.:i 

-4■.:.■ 

—411.11  _:iii.7 

-:(7.i; 

/(     --fii;.4  — ri.'i.'i  — .'iiMi  — r.-j..'.     rii.n  — 111.7     4:i.ii  — ij." 

—4:1.11 

—11.11  --4-.;.ii 

-4:1.11 

— 4.;.ii 

-:'.;i.:i  -:i:..ii 

-:i7.:; 

M.'an>— li-.ii  — i;l.;i  — 04.^  -.Ml..'.  —.•.7.11  —  .'lil  4  — 4«.'-  —A>A 

-4-..: 

-47.::  -47.11 

-4.:.» 

—4.;..; 

-li.r.  -4i;.ii 

—111.2 

Tl...riii    '    M«r.-li  '     KlI,           K.  1.           y.l,.          K.  1.           K.-L           K.'l.           K..|.. 

-N..         I'll.       -J. 11.        J. Ill       -Jill.        :ii..        iiii>       Jill,        i-iii 

K.I.. 

F.I..         F-li, 

1  ji  1. 

K.l. 
1  '111. 

F.I.            F.I.. 

]:"li            l-ii' 

F'l. 

i:ti. 

12      ;— 4:1.7  — li;.2  —41.11  — :17.7  — ll.'i.o  — :i.'i.»  — :i:i.>  — :i:).-.; 

— :il.7 

_„. ,,  _.,-  II 

— -.'..7 

^ll.'i.tl 

-il.s    --7 

-■J1.7 

4         A-^.v — i:i.:i      tii.ti     :i7.ii      :u.2     :).'..4   -  :i3.;i  — :i-J  ii 

— :il.-j 

— -7.ri  — -7.11 

—  -.'..11 

-:;4.:; 

—Zi.'>  — -l.:i 

-1:1.7 

2     1    -:i-J.4     

fi      1     ...         .  .         ...         ...      — ;;j.:' 

11      '—11."      ...     — :!s,!)  _:i.',.7  — :;:i.ii      ...     -:i:.ii      ... 

— "•*K'l 

— liii  11 

-■J4.1. 

-Jl.::  —M.-^ 

-21.11 

('      — :n.2      ...      -:i;..i; -~:ij.-.  — :;'.i..',  — ii  .•  -  uiMi  — i».H 

— •J7.:i 

-■J  1.4  -:::l.i'. 

...» .1 

-  'j'j.i. 

--1  II  --11.11 

—  r.'.ii 

.s     — :i«.7  — :iii..i  — :ii;.i;  — :i4.ii  — :il.»  -:il.7  -;tl.o  — :iii.:: 

•^ii.ii 

—■J.;.;.  — :;4..'. 

— -:i.i'. 

— -J.  1 

— ::i.-j  -1:11.11 

-l;..4 

.s'.; -:il..^      ...     — ;i".-J 

— --..: 

,1/      _:iv.4  _.t,;.i  _n,i.:i  —-a.s  _;i|.:i  _;il.a  _;i(i.4  -i'.i.ti 

\l^,t] 

— •:.'.. -^  — •.::i.;i 

—--.0 

-•.;i..'. 

-•.:ii. — l!i.:. 

— I'.i.l 

A          ;i7.7  — :I4.H  — M.-j  — ;ii!i  — :ii).i;  — ;!..i.7  — ■J'.i.ri  — U'.i.n 

— *J>.ii 

— .:4.7  — ^■4.-j 

— ui.i; 

-  ::i... 

-•.:ii.^  — 1:..7 

-l;i.:i 

/■■     — ;t7.2  — :tii.(i  — :i4.s  — ;i-j.2  —■2',i.s  — ■j'.i.a  —•.^..i.ii  —•>..', 

— •.;7..'. 

— -^4.:!  — ■^:i..'i 

— u::.-.; 

— ::-.;.ii 

-:;i.:i  -:;ii.-.: 

-1:1.1; 

Mi'tiii"  — :>l).7 — ts.K  _:;7.4  — ;14..'.    -;i-J.n -iU.*.  -lU.d   -:«i..'i 

-■J'.'.i 

-•J.'!.--     -2,'.. 11 

-  'J:!.!. 

-•-.- 

---•"  --"•" 

-■Jii,2 

From  till.'  [iivcfdiiig  coniiiarisDns,  tlic  lollow  iii.ir  convctii)ii.<  liiivu  boi'ii  tU'iliu 


1;...  1  ..«. 

1    ■.r.it      u« 

1:.  ..ii..<. 

C.ii 1  ■■ii« 

K.....lii.i-  ..• 
.s    ,.,.1    1/ 

1       ^ 

1     u 

1:.   1  !   tl.--     ■ 
.s  ,.;.  1    1/ 

'  V;  '- 

1.1/ 

—  till' 

— 7  ..'• 

.',11' 

-  :i  .1 

—111 

—  1   .2 

-1  .:. 

—  :iii 

— •'  .1 

_n    ,; 

— r.'j 

-7.0 

—4:1 

—  2.1) 

— :i;i 

-  1.1 

—  l.:i 

— 2:t 

—  O.I 

(1.7 

— ,'.K 

— 1-..4 

— 4S 

— 2.rt 

— :i,s 

—  1.0 

1.2 

^2*' 

p. II 

— (i.t; 

-  '.7 

—.'1.0 

—47 

—2.4 

— :i7 

— 11. ;i 

—  1.1 

—  27 

n.H 

. ll  ,; 

— f.i; 

-  ,'..4 

-4il 

— 2.:i 

— ;(ii 

11.7 

1.11 

2'J 

o.ii 

II  .; 

— r. .'. 

— 4.H 

-4.'. 

2.1 

— H.'i 

—0.1: 

—  li.s 

—2.') 

-v,l 

. 11,7 

—.'.4 

-4.4 

-44 

—2.0 

-:!4 

— ii..'i 

—0.7 

-24 

— ii.;i 

—  1.0 

— r.:i 

—4.0 

—4.1 

-1.7 

— ;« 

— ii.:t 

—11.7 

— 2:i 

-VA 

In 

— r.2 

— :1.7 

—  42 

-  1.4 

— :i2 

. — 0.2 

—  11.7 

—  22 

— C.lJ 

1,11 

"" 

--:i.t 

—41 

—  1.1 

—31 

0.0 

— (...) 

—21 

—  20 

"!.> 

-1.2 

Tlio  dirri'i'tiiiiis  hclwcou  t('iii|H'ratmvs  of — li'i"  iiiul  — In"  for  tlie  two  .^taiuliiril.s 
are  miiall,  and  hardly  cxiM.d  1°  at  tla-  lower  limit,  luit  In      nil  this  point,  for  the 


1(1 


ver  temperatures,  a  reu'iihir  increase  is  ohservcd  in 


tl. 


to  tl 


le  spirit 


Htaiiilard.  The  ealiher  of  iiinst  of  the  spirit  thermoiiieter.s  was  tested  bel'ore  lea\  iiiu 
New  York,  and  the  dillereiu'es  exhihited  in  the  table  of  comparisons  for  the  several 
iii.stniments  arise,  jierhaps,  principally  from  the  iiiieiiuiil  contraction  of  colored  and 
not  chemically  pure  alcohol.     At  these  extreme  low  temperatures,  the  fluid  ap[)ears 


to  eh 

idherini'  to  the  sides  of  the  tube. 


iiiiige  its  conditidii.  and  the  coloring  mattei',  with  a  falling  temperature,  reii 


n 


■ 


V: 


KKC'OKI)   AMI    niSOl'SSION   OV  TK  M  I' K  U  ATU  R  KS. 


In  Diilcr  t>)  ti'st  liis  tlHMinonu'lcrs.  l)r.  Kane  providi'il  hiiiist'lf  witli  clioinically 
iniiv  iiiLTOiin,  ami  iioUnl  tin-  tt'iiipcratiiri's  at  wliicli  it  becami.'  (<olul.  Tlii'  follow- 
ing notes  have  been  extracted  I'loni  the  hyj; : — 

Xov.  'J'l,  ]'<y.).  Tlu'  iiKTi'iirv  was  cxpn^i'il  ii|iiiii  ilu'  (luc  nl  llic  inclconilnirii'iil  dtisiTviitory.  mid  iTimiinocl 


liciuiil  Willi  till'  spirit  stiiiidanl  iil  — li".!!. 


I) 


s.  1  !<,-.;).  M 


-t(r 


idiinl, 


l>iv.    11,  I  > 


;)  (if  till'  spin!  slaiidiinl, 
11     II,  and  .1/ 


Al  twii  iM'Icick,  till'  nicri'urv  exposed  was  loiinil  rrnzen  at  — t 

till'  nieri'urial  staiiilaril  lieiiiu'  al  — r>'.i''.s. 
riie  inereiiry  froze  around  llie  edj.'i's  i^f  the  saucer  eoiilainiiitr  it  ;   .s'  at 
al  — Id'Ml. 
.Ian     ir.,  lv."i|.   Mi'i-eiiry  in  luillpeoased  to  rei'ord  al  — lo^.Ti  ;  oliserved  frozen  at  — :'iS'\0. 
Jan.    li'.i,  1>.')1.   The  niciiMiry  in  the  standard   instniineni,  after  reL'isteriui;  — lli".ii.  desivnih'd   in   the 
liiiMi ;  al  another  time  it  reL.'istered,  after  liein;.'  frozen.  — I  I'.o,  and  tlieii  luranie  sta- 
lionary. 
Nov.  i'.i.  l>."il.    Mereury  eonu'ealed  at  — i;;'.(i  of  spirit  standard,  and  resuniecl  its  lluidity  at  _;!S".0. 

II'  we  ret'er  the  niulinjrs  of  the  spirit  stamlanl  to  thoise  of  the  nieiviirial  standard 
hv  addiiij:  +ll°..'>,  we  obtain  the  lollowing  olj.served  temperatiire.s  for  the  freezing 
[loiiit  ot'  inereury  : — 


-4(1-. 2 


-oll^.S 


.4i.l'-.T         — Id'Ml 


-^.>l^o 


and  — I;.'"  7 


Mean,  — III  '.2 


Similar  dillei  -"es  in  the  iVee/injr  point  of  merenrv  Innc  lieeii  noticiMl  by  other 
observers;  I'arry  .ir  iiistaiiee.  saw  the  merenry  li(|uid  at  — 1.'!".  The  above  mean 
beiilLT  so  near  to  what  is  o-enerally  assinned  ( — 1(1")  as  the  jioint  of  eoimelatioii.  I 
tiioiiul.t  it  best  to  ii])ply  no  eorreetion  to  the  readin^rs  of  the  mercurial  standard, 
and  to  diminish  that  of  the  spirit  standard,  for  teiii pern t tires  lower  thini  — \U",  by 
the  apparent  ditfeienee.  al  that  tem]ieiatiire.  between  the  indications  of  the  mer- 
curial and  all  other  thermometers  compared  with  it,  or  liy  the  constant  I'^.-i;  tliii.«i 
the  nmximtnn  correction  to  the  spirit  standard  becomes  — ()".n  tit  — (jU°. 

Thus  npplyinjr  the  proper  corrections  to  the  s[)irit  standard  A',  acoordiiiL.'  to  ob- 
servations of  February  I,  IS")  I,  spirit  of  naphtha  became  solid  at  — o7°,  oil  of  sassa- 
fras at  — 4(i°,  bisidiihuret  of  carbon  at — -0";  oil  of  winteroreen  clouddl  at — lU^,  and 
remained  liijtiid  at  the  maximum  temperature  of  that  day,  viz:  — 0:1'';  the  etliers 
likewi.'se  remained  nnchani:ed.  On  the  following  day,  luiiia  ammonia  V.  F,  froze 
solid  from  two  hours  ex[)osure  at  a  temperature  of — oli°,  chloric  ether  became  solid, 
and,  u!"ter  four  hours  of  exposure,  chloroform  was  coAered  with  a  granular  follicle 
at  — CiO  \ 


T.\iiiK  or 

S.-ft  ■• 

CiillllKCTHl.V 

I  ..t.r..<li.ri. 

ro  Si-niiT 

S.-»lo, 

Stanhauh  .s', 

e..rr<'Clt..n« 

or  Tf.Mi' 

K.vri  itr.s  iir.rwKKN 

—fill" 

S.Ml.. 

AMI 

— 40°. 

Srii!,- 

("iirrm;  111* 

— llO' 

— t;  .0 

-.'.4' 

-2  .y 

— 4'.n 

—  1  .4 

—44' 

-0  .5 

_,19 

ffj, 

—!,:i 

—•Z.b 

— 4S 

—1.1 

— 41) 

—11.2 

—.',8 

—i.'.t 

—02 

-2.2        j 

-47 

—0.11           1 

-42 

--II.1 

— ;.7 

—4.4 

—.'.1 

'       -1.!. 

-4il 

-o.s 

—41 

-  -O.'J 

-M 

— ;i.it 

— iO 

1       -l.C        1 

—45 

— u.ti       1 

—40 

-.0.3 

-M 

— :i.:t 

1 


I  t 


RECORD   AND  DTSCUSSIOX   OF  TEMPERATURES. 


Sralij. 

C'i)iiiiKi;Ti().\s  TO  ,S, 

roll 

T 

:Ml'EllArLllKH  IIKTWEEV  — 4(1°  ANU 

—HI". 

Corrprrli'n".                SmU', 

r.Tli.'ii".                  SrnI-*.                 <'"rri'Ctiiiln. 

SniN>, 

ri.rrrnii.ti-. 

—411' 

|-ii'.:i              — ;U' 

.(i'.:l                  i;;(' 

Ui'.i: 

— •:4' 

-| 

Ml  .7 

-■M 

-ii.-i               — ;).) 

-11.4                    ^'J.s 

-ii.i> 

^;J 

-11.  li 

—38 

-ii.a      .       — a-j 

-ii.f)                 — U7 

-n.i; 

— :!2 

-11.4 

— :t7 

-d.a      ;      — ;ti 

; 

-fi.ii              — 'jt; 

-ii.ij       1 

— 'Jl 

-ii.r) 

— ;ii; 

-ii.;i 

— ;io 

-u.ri              — ;:5 

-(1.0 

—•JO 

-0.5 

— :i'i 

^ 

-II.- 

1 

For  ti'iniH'ratui'cs  Ijctuccii  — llO'' mul  +}^>°,  tin'  followiiif;  tiililo  of  corrections 
lifi.-*  lii'cii  ('(m.-itructccl.     Tlio  tli'nd  colunui  coiitiiiiis  the  iiiimln'r  of  coiniiiirisous. 


S.al,. 

■  •.„v,-l:..„. 

C.n.iMri..,.. 

^.■:t!.'. 

'■""■■'■i!'l'-       !■ -^ 

,-,.„.           s™i.. 

r.Triiti.'iK, 

r,'iiiViin-.|i- 

_'Jtl' 

_ 

-11  ..^ 

■M 

_ 

l-V 

-(I  ..I 

. 

-  7^ 

_ 

Ull.'J- 

—  1,') 

- 

-11. .''i 

24 

- 

-2 

-11.4 

- 

-in 

J 

-o.:i 

r.i 

^1.1 

- 

-II.  ll 

'-•' 

- 

-:i 

-ii.:i 

- 

-12 

- 

-11.2 

,'', 

. 

-II.. ^1 

17 

_ 

-4 

-II.- 

_ 

h'-' 

- 

-II.  1 

() 

- 

-II.,'. 

HI 

^ 

-' 

pi.l 

7 

-l.^-, 

O.ll 

i; 

111  tlic  iiljsciii'c  of  diivct  comiiurisons  for  ti'inporaturos  of  +10°  ami  iipwanls,  I 
liavc  iulo])ti'il  Mr.  Soniitag'.s  correction.-;,  a.s  fouiiil  iiy  coinjiariiig  tlic  daily  iiieans  for 
]May,  . I  line,  and  July,  in  the  log-hook,  with  tho  corrosjionding  means  in  Api)endi.v 
XII.  of  \'ol.  II.  of  the  narrative.  They  have,  however,  all  hoeii  diminished  hy 
(l°.7,  the  correction,  according  to  his  tahle,  apiilicaijle  at  +15^.0,  for  which  teiii|iera- 
tiire  I  have  fuuiid  that  no  correction  was  remiired.  The  last  set  of  corrections  to 
the  spirit  standard  hecoines  then — 


S<Ml. 

I'.'rriTii 

.■^c.I.. 

r,.rr.-,l...n.. 

J 

U.'. 

.11 

0  .11 

Uill'.ll 

—II  .7 

_ 

-1- 

1 

— Il.l 

.:!.'.. 11 

— o..'; 

-2ii. 

1 

— ii.:i 

-4ii.il 

-0.4 

l-iri. 

1 

— II..I 

H.'l.ll 

—11.4 

In  the  following  ahstract  of  the  hourly  record  of  the  atmospheric  temperatures 
from  Septeinher  1st,  lS");i,  to  .laiiuary  21th,  18-Jo,  observed  at  Van  Rensselaer 
Harlior,  the  runrchil  figures  have  been  inserted  in  accordance  with  the  previous  in- 
vestigation; foot  notes  contain  any  additional  information  that  may  he  re(|nircd. 

Tlie.so  temperatures  refer  to  the  level  of  the  sea.  The  observations  were  made 
by  the  officers  and  men  on  duty,  and  are  referred  to  mean  local  time.  Occasional 
short  interpolations  were  eiVected  by  means  of  the  known  diurnal  variation,  and 
the  gradual  change  in  the  ab.solute  temperature;  in  all  cases,  accordingly,  the 
means  given  are  ivnrctcd  for  any  such  omission  in  the  record.  The  hourly  series 
in  my  possession  tenninates  with  January  2Uh,  1S">5;  the  daily  means  up  to  April 
'50th,  IS-")."),  have  been  extracted  from  the  second  volume  of  tho  narrative.  Before 
these  numbers  were  set  down,  the  dill'erence  in  the  system  of  corrections,  as  adopted 
by  Mr.  Soiintag,  and  in  the  present  paper  was  applied. 

That  tho  temperature  was  lower  in  winter  in  exposed  positions  at  tho  astro- 
nomical observatoiy,  and  in  tho  outer  bay  or  channel,  than  at  the  meteorological 
observatory  on  the  Hoe  in  the  harbor,  there  can  be  no  doubt;  but,  owing  to  non- 


I'^l 


I'll 


n 


i 


'■<■'  "■ 


6 


KKCOUD  AND   DISCUSSION   OF  TK  M  TK  R  A  TU  RES. 


compared  instruments,  the  exnct  amount  cainiot  lie  nscertainetl.  November  'J.'Ul, 
18")ii,on  the  tloe  outside,  liie  temperature  was  10°  lower,  and  ajjain,  December  '2((tb, 
18V?.  it  was  Gi°  lower  tlian  inside.  On  the  IDtli  of  .lanuary,  IS-'il,  the  spirit 
standard  on  the  tloe  inside  indicated  — 50^,  and  at  the  astronomical  observatory 
the  temiierafure  was  — .")S''. 

To  the  local  dilVerenre,  in  winter,  of  the  temperature  of  the  air  inonnbent  on 
land,  and  on  ice-lloes  resting  on  a  sea  with  ;i  temperature  not  far  from  its  IVee/ing- 
jioint,  1  have  already  alluded.  During  the  first  winter,  the  temiieratures  were 
ol)served  on  the  lloe.  but,  during  the  second,  on  board  the  brig;  the  mean  dill'er- 
enre,  for  the  live  coldest  months  in  the  two  years,  amounts  to  l°.o,  and  for  the 
absolute  minima  it  is  but  0°.',i — thi-  first  ln'ing  the  colder  in  cither  case.  'I'his 
result,  together  with  the  statement  (|).  HI'),  Vd.  11.  of  the  Narrative)  that  A«<(/ 
radiations  were  g\uirdeil  against  as  far  as  possible,  leaves  no  doubt  that  the  recorded 
temiieratures  during  the  coldest  luouths  of  the  fust  sea.-<on  are  not  sensibly  afl'ected 
by  any  local  radiatimi;  at  the  same  time,  it  must  lie  iidmitte(l  that,  in  winter,  the 
ice-covered  sea  is,  nevertheless,  a  source  (if  heat  which,  propagated  thrtiugh  this 
covt'r,  is  expended  by  radiation  into  the  colder  atinosiibere. 

Occasional  omissions  in  the  hourly  record  have  been  supplied  by  interpolation  ; 
these  values  are  always  iudicated  by  being  inclosed  between  brackets.  The  process 
of  inter])olation  will  be  linind  illustrated  by  an  example  at  the  end  of  the  record. 


Ill 


111 
Ji 

l:l 


It 

l.'l 

in 
17 

IS 

l;) 
a  I 

.Mi. In' 

\i 

Ill 
II 

i:^ 
II 
I.-. 
Ill 
17 
!•, 
I;i 
-II 
^1 

•.;:) 
.Mi.lii'i 

.Mt'an.4 


I  Th.. 
its  Hcnliil 
.*»'  was  tiJ 
nun,',  at  I 

»   ValJ 

NoTK.- 


KECOUD   AND   DISCUSSION   OF   TE  M  PEU  ATU  RE  S. 


TkMI'K.HATMIK  111'  TIIK  Alll  IN  SlIAUK  lUlSKIIVKIl  AT  VaN  UeNSSKI.AKU  ILutllcJll, 

III  Sciiti'ihlicr,  !«»:!,  ill  Lilt.  'H°  ;t"',  Iahij,'.  iU°  ."i:!'  W.  of  lircciiwiuli. 

Exprosst'il  ill  ili'jiiws  of  Kiilirciiliuit's  scale.     On  (K'i.'k  the  liii|.f  Adviiiicc  and  lit  iiieteorologieal  oli.servntory  on  flue.' 


,, 

^J 

,j 

._, 

J 

.J 

u             1 

0 

^, 

11' 

+i;s.ii 

+  28. U 

+28.1 

+28.1 

+2S.:) 

+  27.0 

+:iii.O 

+  2(1.0 

+  18.1) 

+  1.'..0 

+  l.'..l 

+  111.7 

+  17.0 

+  11.8 

+  12.11 

+  8..1 

11 

:iiM 

2N.li 

27.0 

28.1 

2s.  1 

27.1    , 

;)l.l 

1:1.0 

111.1 

Ki.l 

Ki.l 

lll.O    , 

1,'..8 

11.8 

i;).2 

11.1 

:i 

:iii.l 

'JH.Ii 

27.11 

28.1 

2s.  1 

27.1    ' 

:)l.l 

IH.ll 

ls.il 

14.0 

l.'i.l 

12.:) 

14.0 

12.1) 

i;).7 

'J.4 

■1 

-'.'.l! 

2.H.li 

28.11 

28.1 

27.  s 

27.1 

;)l.o 

111.:) 

18.0 

14.:) 

14.0 

12.:)  : 

ID.ll 

12.:) 

i:).4 

(l.ll 

T) 

•.:'.i.ii 

28.  ll 

28.1) 

28.:) 

27.0 

27.0 

:ii.i 

Is.l 

18.0 

14.1 

1.1.1 

12.3 

i:).7 

12.1) 

1:1.2 

10.4 

ti 

•.;:i.ii 

28.  (i 

28.1) 

28.:) 

27.  s 

27. s 

1)1 1.0 

Is. 11 

111.0 

1:1.1 

l.'i.O 

14.0 

14.2 

12.4 

l:i.2 

10.11 

1 

H'.l.li 

28.:) 

28.1) 

28.:) 

27.  Il 

28.1 

;)ii.8 

20.1 

21.1 

17.1 

10.1 

10.0 

17.8 

1:1.2 

l:).o 

11.8 

M 

'j'.i.i; 

28.(1 

28.0 

28.0 

27.8 

28.1 

111.0 

1:1.11 

22.1 

21.0 

10. 0 

211.0* 

21.0 

l:).2 

l:).7 

1:1.2 

11 

iio.n 

2H.D 

28. Il 

2s. r, 

28.1 

2s.  1 

1)1.0 

111.8 

111. 11 

17.0 

17.0 

20.1 

14.7 

14.2 

l:).:i 

111 

;Mi,:t 

2li.ii 

2m. 0 

28.0 

2s.  1 

2S.0 

■11.0 

lll.O 

111.4 

1S.4 

1:1.4 

2.'i.l 

21.0 

1.1.;! 

14.2 

14.0 

11 

;iii.:t 

211. il 

2s. (1 

2:i.il 

27.11 

2:1.1 

I'l.ii 

l:i.i: 

1:1.4 

1:1.2 

17.:) 

211.1 

17.0 

LI. 8 

14.0 

10.1 

N. 11)11 

-s.t; 

lli'.l 

2S.0 

211.0 

2-.1 

2:1.0 

;)i.o 

211  0 

l;i.:i 

18.7 

17.2 

211.1 

10.0 

14.11 

14.0 

1.1.1 

in 

{lo.i; 

him; 

2s. Il 

2s. Il 

2S.1 

:iii.ii 

2:1.:) 

21.1 

1:1.0 

IS. 11 

17.1! 

211.1 

14.8 

14.0 

17.:) 

18.1 

u 

:iii.'i 

:tii.:) 

2s,  1 

2s, 1 

2-.1 

llll.O 

20.0 

21.1 

111.0 

18.11 

17.0 

211.0 

ID.ll 

14.1) 

10.1 

20.8* 

i.'i 

:iii.(i 

:io.:i 

2s.  1 

2s. il 

2^.1 

:iii.o 

24.0 

21.1 

lii.l 

17.0 

is.l 

2li.ll 

1-..0 

1-1.1 

10.4 

111.0 

111 

:iiM> 

:iiM 

27.11 

2'*,i: 

2s,  1 

2:1.:) 

2.-i.l 

21.0 

lii.l 

17.1 

17.1 

111.0 

14.0 

1-1.:) 

10.0 

1,1.0 

17 

;iii.i 

■:-.i 

27.  Il 

2'',il 

2s,  1 

2:1.  s 

21. :i 

21.0 

1:1.0 

M.il 

17.1 

211.0 

14.2 

M.l 

14.0 

1.1.1 

is 

2;i.i; 

27. ti 

2-.1 

2s,  1 

27,0 

2s. Il 

2:1  0 

21.1 

Is. 11 

10. 0 

17. '> 

1:1.0 

14.0 

10.1 

1:1.0 

1.1.1 

I'.i 

;ui.l 

27. il 

2s.  0 

2s. :i 

27. Il 

1-^  ii 

2:1.1 

21.1 

l;i.l 

lll.l 

17.1! 

lll.S 

1:1.2 

14.2 

12.:i 

1:1.0 

-•' 

211.1) 

27.  iJ 

2s. Il 

2s. .1 

27.0 

27.0 

22.1 

21.1 

IS.Il 

l."!.!! 

I'l.i; 

1:1.11 

12.2 

14.2 

ll..'i 

1.1.0 

•Jl 

il'.i.ti 

27.11 

2s. Il 

2s,  1 

27.0 

2s. 0 

21. s 

2i'.s 

IS. 8 

l.'l.ll 

I'l.'j 

l:i..1 

12.2 

1:1.2 

I11.7 

1.1.0 

112 

HIM 

27.1) 

2s. il 

2s,l 

27.1 

2s. 0 

21.0 

211.4 

IS..') 

1.'..8 

ITi.l 

111.:) 

1:1.7 

]2.i; 

11.1 

14.0 

i! 

■j;i.l 

27.11 

27. Il 

■Js,ll 

27.1 

2:1. 1 

21. :i 

l;i.4 

17.0 

l.-i..^i 

i:i.it 

Is.S 

12.7 

12.11 

111.11 

1:1.7 

Mi.ln't 

+  1W.1 

+  27.11 

+  27.0 

+2-.I; 

+27.1 

+  2:1.0 

+211.8 

+  1S.S 

+10.:) 

+  1.1.0 

-fix:* 

+  ls.;) 

+  12.7 

+11.:) 

+  I11.2 

+  1:1.7 

M.aiis 

-f-U'J.TH 

+2.'..-| 

+28.2S 

+2S.4.-, 

+  27.S1 

+28.02 

+  27.41 

+  21I.1S 

+  111.14  +1I1.S.'- 

-fl.;.> 

+  ls.4s 

+  i.-..r,4 

+  13.71 

+  l:i.4'j  +14.01 

111 
II 

N.HMl 

1:1 

14 

11 
10 
17 
Is 

111 

211 
21 

2:1 


+  14.0 
I  I.'I 
12.7 
II. s 
11.2 
11.2 
11. s 
1.1.0 

(II  v 
(II  1 
III  •> 
1:1.7 
12,7 
II. s 
12.7 
1:1.11 
1:1.2 
111.4 
11.11 
11.0 


+  s.o    +  .;.7 


12. :i 
M.il 
17.0 
Is.O 
12.7 
12.7 
12.:) 
11. :l 
II.:) 


'.II 


1.0 


.Mi.lii'l    +  11.11 


7.0 
0  0 

+  r...-) 


lu.ii 

11.0 

11.11 
1I1..1 

11.7 
111 

12.11 
111 

1(1,4 

'.'.:i 

8.4 

7.0 

0.0 

+  0.0 


4.0 
:i.7 
:i.7 
4.11 


111 
111. 11 

11.4 

|i',:i 
11. 1 
11.1 
111 

14.- 
U.O 
1.1.7 
12.7 
11.4 
11.4 
S.4 


+  4.1 
4  11 
4.(1 
4.2 


lll.O 
lll.l 
14.2 
14.0 
l;t.7 
l:i.7 
I4.ll 

lis 
II. 0 
11.4 

lll.ll 


+  1.11    +  4.1 


11. s 

1:1.7 

10.0 

1:1.1 
l-.ll 
17. :i 
17. s 

18.1 
1:1.1 
lll.l 

17.0 
17.0 
17.1 
17.1 
Is.l) 
is.il 
+  1:1.0 


+  lll.O 
17.0 
17.0 
l-.l 
l-.l 

l-.o 

l-.O 
ls.;i 
1:1.0 
1:1.0 
2:1.1 

2:1.1 
2:1.1 
2:1. s 

2:1,1 

21,0 
20.0 
20.0 
22.0 
lll.s 

111.:) 

18.8 
+  18.S 


+  ls 


17.1 
17.1 

10. Il 

ls,;i 
l:i.:i 

lll.s 

l;i.s 
1:1.0 

Is.il 

l-.o 

l~.s 

17.1 
1:1.0 
14. :i 
14.0 
14.1 
12.7 
lli.ll 
111. II 
12.1 
14.0 
10.0 

+  ls.:i 


+  '-• 
17. 
17. 
10. 
17. 

r.i. 
r.i. 
1:1. 
20. 
21, 
21. 
2:1. 
2:1. 


+  17.1 
11.0 
1:1.7 
12.7 


ii.l 


+  11.! 

11.1 

I      ll.l 

II.: 

I  10.. 
'  11.: 
II.: 
,  11.: 
I     11.: 

i:i. 

I    n. 

i    11. 
10. 


+   .s,.,  +   .,l.;l  +   ,1. 

11.4  11.2  11. 

II.:)  11.11  11, 

8.4  s.il  K. 

11.0  7 


11.4 


II.,' 
12.: 
12.: 
12.: 

8.1 

8.'! 

+  12..' 


7.0 
7.0 
11.. 1 
0.2 
11.4 


11. :i 

lu.ii 
11.11 
10.11 
lll.l 
1(1.1 
10.2 

10.11 

lll.l 
lo.l 
lll.l 


4.7 
4.11 


111. 7 
lii.:l 
7  "' 
n!:i 

O.s 
+  0.1) 

—  u.:) 

—  0.:) 

—  0.7 


+   8.1 


4- 


+  10.:is 

lO.lis 

M.si; 
11. .14 
11.27 
11.111 
10.711 

l-.l'.; 

l-.i::: 

1:1.11 
l-.ldl 
IS. 84 
is 
l-.i:4 
I -.21 
17.71 
17.211 
10.-1 
l.;.:i1 
I.;. .14 
1 1. I'- 
ll.-1 
+  11.:.: 


.Mi'iinii   +12.:is  .f  11. lis  +  ).,xi  +  .|.;!:i  +  .1,1111  +14.110  +'20.:i4  +1.1. o:i  +20.1)8  +12.42  +10.;)1  + 


+  ii.:i:i  +  1.02 


+  17.1. 


'  Th«  oltscrvatiitiis  \\\»ni  tlio  lino  romnuMit'o  Sept.  28lh.  Kmm  Auc.  l^th  to  Si-pt.  'J7lli,  iiu-lusivt',  ni<*rfuri;il  tlu'rinomettT  Nn.  •>  w.i.'*  ii^oii; 
Us  HcnUi  I'orrcftiiin,  lictHriiiiiiiMl  liy  two  st;m.l;irils,  h,  — 0\'J  niiil  — i'  .7  (at  -\-'>V^  ),mf.in  — 0-^A.  On  an-i  alttT  f^t'jit.  27lli.  tlu*  spirit  stan.laiil 
.S  was  usimI.  a  Sfi-oiul  I'urn'ction  Ims  licfu  applied,  to  U'Ut  tlie  ti'iuiHTaturo?*  on  ilevk  to  tlio  toiiipiTatures  on  Iloo,  viz:  at  -\-'Sl*'  aiul  -^-llr 
none,  jit  -f*^*\  4-'*''**.  i^"'l  it  -f-5^  mi'l  0\  -f  **'■■*;  *1i''Iucl'iI  from  '11  I'omp.irifions. 

*  Valiio  tIeilui'.Ml  fruiii  tt-nipfrattiro  SO  foet  altovo  tlcrk. 

NoTK. — Tint  UKMii  tt-nipcraturn  ttf  tht»  air  i^ivcn  in  Appontlix  No.  Xll.  of  tin*  iiarrativf,  ri'ffrs  to  .lays  of  nautioal  rockoniiitr,  conuiKnu'inii 
and  eniUnK  with  niHin  ;  on  ami  aftiT  f^cptenilitT  11,  \sM,  oivil  riH'koning  was  a«lopti'(i. 


:    I 


Vim 


■i'l. 


I 


f"^  — 


U  E  C  ()  I!  I)    AM)   II I  8  C  U  S  S  I  O  N   O  1'   T  K  .M  1'  V.  U  A  T  U  U  V.  S. 


TK.MrK.u.vniir.  uk  tmk  Am 

IN  .'^ll.VIiF.  UIISKIIVKII  .VI 

V.\N 

!k\.sski..\hii  II 

Mtll'ilt, 

III  Oi'liilnT,  Is.'il!,  ill 

.at.  7.s=;!:',  1, 

III'.'.  7)1'^ 

.■.:;'  W 

.  Ill'  (ircoiiwicl 

II. nr 

1.1 

'      '.'.I 

Ivvprc 

:i.|. 

sc<l  in  lU'gi'ot's  (if  li'iilii'i'iiiicil's 

sciik'. 

At  iiicU 

orulii^' 

'    I'.ii, 

(•111  (ilisorvatory 

'    mil        r.'ii.. 

oil  lloo 

niti. 

t 

mill. 

III.          •.11, 

.:il. 

Till 

Sll, 

:.ili 

'    mil. 

1     l.iil,      1 

V' 

— 11.^ 

+  1.11 

+  11.,'. 

+  14.11    +12.7 

+  l:i.'.i 

+  i:i.l 

+  12.2 

+  4.11 

+.).n 

-5.;)    -f  5.2 

+  12.7 

+  12.2 

1 
'+U.2» 

+(i.l 

'J 

—1.11 

+11..'. 

+    1..'. 

+  l:i..-.    +11. s 

+  14.7 

+  1.1.4 

+  11. U 

+  11.:) 

+  1.7 

-5.5     +    s.j 

+  12.4 

+  i;i.;) 

+  12.11'' 

+4.11 

:( 

+11.:! 

+ii.:t 

+   !■•* 

+  1:12    +l:).,'. 

+  14.11 

+  l:i.ii 

+  11.11 

+  7.11 

+  1.5 

-5.5   +iii.n 

+  12.:) 

+  1:).;) 

+  11. s* 

+;).7 

4 

+  2.11 

11.11 

+   2.1 

+  l:).l    +1.'..2 

+  l:i.4 

+  11.11 

+  11.2 

+  111.5 

+ii.;i 

-5.5     +12.2 

+  12.2 

+  l;).2 

+  11.(1' 

f2.4 

T) 

+  2.1 

+  2.4 

-1-    l..'.< 

+  14. <    +14.!i 

+  l:l.i; 

+  i:).2 

+  111.:) 

+  111.;) 

~  1..5 

-11.5     +12.2 

+  12.1! 

+  i;i.i; 

+  111.1) 

+2.2 

i; 

+  2.i; 

+:i.2 

+  :t.ii 

+  1.-..,'.    +14.5 

+  l:l.il 

+  111.4 

+  1(1.:) 

+  :i.:i 

— 1.5 

-11.5     +12.11 

+  12.S 

+  i;).7 

+  1(1.5 

f2.2 

( 

+2.;i 

+  r..l 

+  :i3 

+  1.-...'.     +11.'- 

+  14.3 

t-  11.1 

+    H.H 

+  7.7 

—11.5 

-7.1)     +12.1) 

+  l:!.;) 

+  14.1 

■(-Id.s 

f2.ii 

s 

+:i.,', 

+.'■..  1 

+  :i.;i 

+  1.-...-.    +ll.:t 

+  14.(1 

+  Si.s 

+  111.:) 

+  7.1 

—11.5 

-7.;)     +12.4 

+  l:).l 

+  14.1! 

+  11.7 

fl.5 

;t 

+.'..1 

+.'..11 

+  4.;i 

+  l-..;i    +1.'..2 

+  15.> 

+  111.1 

+   il.5 

+  7.1 

— 11.5 

—7.(1    +i;).s 

+  l;).;) 

'+14.S 

+  1:1.11''    +1.11   1 

111 

+  .'..1 

+4.;i 

+  .'..2 

+  111.2   ,  +  1.-..:) 

+  1.1.2 

+  111.;) 

+    ll.H 

+  11.2 

-1.1 

-5.5     +M.1 

+  1.).;) 

+  14.K 

+  l:i.2'    +1.7   1 

11 

+i;.i 

+4.7 

+  i;.:i 

+  11..2    -(-1.1.2 

+  lii.- 

+  11.4 

+  111.2 

+  Il.l 

--1.5 

--5.11     +12.7 

+  14.1 

+  14.9 

+  14.11'' 

f  2.:i  1 

N 1 

+.;.! 

+4.7 

+  7.7 

+  1.1.11     +17.5 

+  17.11 

+  s.:i 

-♦-   11.5 

+  11.2 

11.11 

-4.5     +12.2 

+  14.1 

+  M.1I 

+  lil.(i''    +2.S 

1.1 

1  ■ 

+  4.7 

+  s.:i 

+  14.5    +15.5 

+  11.7 

f  7.2 

+   s.5 

+  11.2 

—  11.5 

-2.5     +12.11 

+l:).ii 

+  14.5 

+  1.1.2      +2,s 

U 

+  :i.:i> 

+  :i.s 

+  s.:t 

+  15.:)     +M.0 

+  14.7 

+  7.2 

+   s.,1 

+  11.2 

— 2.5 

—2.5      -t   1-  " 

+  1I1.S 

+  14.7 

+  14.2      +1.5 

i:. 

+:i.:i" 

+  l.:i 

+  :i.l 

+  lii..;     +12.5 

+  14.1 

+  S.4 

+    S.7 

+  4.7 

—  1.5 

-2.7     +12.11 

+  11..) 

+  14.M 

+  i;).7     +;).;) 

i>; 

+  :i.2<' 

+  i.r. 

+  111.1 

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27.0 

llll.l            llll.l' 

1111.7 

11-. 0 

20..'. 

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111. 2   —  2.0 

1. 1 

— 22. (I'l 

;! 

-7.'1 

27.1' 

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11.'.. 11 

2-..-. 

:;,',. 2         ll'1.2 

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117. .'1 

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17.1    --  0..-. 

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— 22.27 

I 

U-.ii 

11I1..1 

111.(1 

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2  - . .-. 

114.11         11.-.. 0 

411.11 

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4..'i 

.', 

-7..' 

nil..'. 

H:i.2 

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211.  Il 

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411.. 1 

117.1 

24.1 

21.11 

20.11             11.0 

4.S 

— 22. .'ill 

(1 

■.;7.i 

;iii.4 

1111.7 

1.4.(1 

•2.-.0 

.17..'.        117.- 

41.- 

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2.-'. 4 

2:1.'! 

21.11         (i.ii 

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--22.-4 

7 

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114.11 

211.11 

11.1.7        117.,'. 

40.11 

117.2 

2il.li 

211.1 

20. s     _ 

-  0..'. 

1I.2 

— 22.il.-i 

s 

il-.ii 

:ii.;i 

112.  s 

;i4  (1 

211.11 

117.0        11.1. - 

40.0 

34. s 

2il.li 

20.4 

in.l    - 

-  11..'. 

.'..- 

—22.11:1 

!l 

-7.il 

:i2.l 

1)2.2 

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llll.l 

llil..'.        llil.'i 

11-. .'1 

32.,'i 

27..'. 

21.0 

17.0    - 

-   1.0 

3..'. 

— 22.1111 

111 

ll.il 

112. Il 

11.1. 11 

lil.r, 

110.11 

ll.l..'.        11.!..'. 

llll.ll 

32.0 

211..'. 

21.0 

lll.O      - 

.  O.ll 

r..s 

— 22.27 

11 

117.11 

112.1 

1111.11 

111.11 

111..'. 

11.1. .'i        117.(1 

11-. 0 

3(1.  fi 

•211.4 

21. r. 

14.S    —  3.0 

.'..0 

22. llil 

N.ii.n 

»ii.ii 

;i2.ii 

llll.l 

1111.(1 

lll.K 

liil.,'i        llll.ll 

11-. 0 

31..'. 

21i.ll 

21.0 

14..'.   —  r...'i 

.'..11 

— 22.27 

i;t 

llii.ii 

111.11 

114.2 

:tii.2 

1111.(1 

llil..'i    ,     :i7.ii 

1111.2 

31.7 

2S.2 

20.11 

14.0     —  il.ll 

.'..0 

— 22. .-i2 

14 

ill..'. 

:ti.r. 

112.  .'i 

;i2,5 

1111.(1 

117..'.    !     ll-.ii 

H-.3 

2-. 11 

2'i.4 

21.7 

12..'.     -10.2 

3. .'. 

—22.4:1 

l.-i 

mi..'. 

iti.ii 

11.'.. 11 

1111.(1 

I'.ll..'. 

:i.'...'.      11,-. 2 

117..'. 

27.11 

27.4 

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12.0    —12..'. 

4.11 

— 22..-.:! 

ii; 

2(1.  s 

,•11.(1 

ll.'i.l 

liii...* 

iir..7 

112.7    ,     lls.o 

llil.-. 

27.. 'i 

2S.ll 

22..'. 

n..'.     —14.2 

4.S 

...       -22.:il 

17 

24.. 'i 

iiii.i 

ll.l.S 

1111.11 

11.'.. 11 

iii.,i      :!-..'. 

31I.2 

2S.,'. 

•2il.^2 

2ii.li 

r..7    —111.-. 

.'..0 

...       -21.117 

1 

2.1.0 

im.ii 

:i.',..'. 

llli.h 

114.S 

lll..'i        lls.o 

117. M 

2,'i.i 

27.2 

21. s 

.'..4     —13..', 

.'..s 

...       -21. s7 

111 

2<'i.5 

:)ii.(i 

;i,'..2 

211. Il 

nil..'. 

111.0      :!7.ii 

37.11 

2.'i.l 

•27.11 

22.2 

S.l     —14.-. 

Il.ll 

...       —■22.01 

:;ii 

U.'i.N 

311.2 

114.(1 

211.7 

114.11 

lll.,'i   \    iw.o 

37. '2 

•24.1 

2.'i.2 

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7.11     —17.0 

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— 22.17 

-1 

22.4 

112.2 

;t.'..i 

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ll'1.2 

iir...'!  I    311.0 

3,-.0 

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2il.ll 

22,.'. 

(l..'i    —21.-. 

S..'. 

...       — 22..-'4 

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llll.ll 

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211.4 

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— 22..-'li 

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22.1) 

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2S.(I 

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11-. 0 

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2'i..'i 

2ll.li 

.'..2    -^24.0 

lo..'. 

— 2:1.07 

Mi.ln'l 

—2.1.2 

— ;i2.!i 

— ll.'..l! 

—27.(1 

—llll.ll 

— 3ii.o   — mi.o 

—117..'. 

—21..'. 

—'211.11 

— m.s 

—  2.0    —17.0 

—11.0 

Mi'iln.s 

— 2il.7;! 

-111.42 

— 33."» 

—112.22 

—112.(12 

— ll.'i.^211  — 117.-I1I 

— oS.lll 

—Ill  1.^24 

— 2ll.'211 

— 22.(111 

-12.117  -  s.i:. 

—  Il.ll 

...      -•-.;;;• 

1  Tvi 

ipiT.-llll 

I'S   111.1. '.1 

l.y  .'I'iri 

t  sUlllil: 

hi  .-,  till  Nov.  21,  I'l  ;  .■ifloi-  tills 

hour,  .111 

I  throiii; 

liout  th 

month,  tht'  in.li 

i^lltiolls 

of  till   luiTiurial 

st.nllil.n 

.1    (.1/)   1 

r.i  i;ivt'l: 

*  Co 

rrocli'.l  1 

.y  20\ 

Ni.TH 

.1. — Nov 

.'.til.  Tl 

.■riiioini' 

I'M  won 

ri'iiil  ,1 

2  ..•,lo,  k  r.  M. 

ivitlioul 

.1  liclil. 

Nov.  mill.  ..\t  n 

inn,  th..  tliiTinoii 

otors  1' 

nuM  no  moro  }>o 

riMil  w 

thiillt  t 

ID    IHH    1 

f  n  l.'iiili 

111 ;  on 

111"  14lli 

Inst.,  thoy  wiTo 

npiin  n-ml  .it  11 

mill  12 

A.  M.,  ,1 

nriiii;  l.riuht  iiun 

nlii-'hl. 

Nor.  *J::.i.    TIu' 

ilarkue 

sH  is  liov 

'   L-Ollipll' 

tl*,  lii'iiif^ 

l.;iri'ly  : 

1.1.'  to  r 

•'ill  .at  iioon'l;iy ; 

Hl'lLT 

inih  of  anil  l.i'low 

tho  lior 

izon  7"  .'.3  .     NiU 

.  2.1, 1. 

,'Ir'  {lu-nmniR'tcr 

«:ia  10 

^  lowor  I 

llt.siilo  ( 

.r  at  —4 

»  )  thai 

in  tliu  1 

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uii.orjltnro,  whiskey  fmzo 

in  thi)  t 

ent. 

'•I: 
1:' 


ii4'M 


i  \ 

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10 


l!i;t"OI!I)    AND    ItlSCrSSIdX    OK   TKM  I'KI!  ATl'UKS. 


Tk.mi 


Kxpri'.- 


KUAllllKuK  TIIK  Alll  IN  SlIAliK  llllhKllN  KD  A  1    VaN  llKN-^f-KLAKll   IIaUIIhII, 

III  PnTiiilicr,  ls,"i;l,  ill  I,ui    7M°  :r,',  l.nnj!:.  "(1°  M'  W.  <>(  (ircciiH irh. 

•Ill  ill  il('(.'ivi.s  iif  l''iiliri'iilii'it'.'i  M'lilc.     At  iiK'U'onilojfii'iil  uli.-crniliii'y  "ii  line 

Jill       I      Aiti  mil  ?ii.  fcii.  oiii  tiiti.  iiii.  I'liii  1-iili 


'.I 
111 
M 
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M 
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17 

Is 

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it 

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— 'Jii.4    —nil.. 


;.  I. 


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lliMl 
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ni.ii 


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2il.O   1 


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;iii..'i 
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2i;.r.  (    :i4..'.  i 
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11.2    ;     111.0 


:i.'i.o    —2:1..'.    —1:1.2    --'21.5    — 


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-11).20  — 24.tii ,— a(i..'.2 


-J.'..4.'i  —41.49  —211,23  — li.'23  — •24,iic  —27.20 —3:i.30  - 

I  ;  II 


311. lU  —41,01  — 4ii.i:',i 


J.I       I      M 


H 

(I 

10 

II 

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1:1 
14 
l.'i 
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17 
IS 
19 
20 
21 
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41.0 
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IN. 7 
:is.7 
3s.  5 
-37..'. 


:i*.ii 
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37.  s 
3.i..l 

ill.'.! 


2.'i.4 
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2'2.!< 
22.0 
23.0 
2'2.tl 


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M.4 
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lll.S 

1.:..'. 
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40.11 

:iii.4 
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311. tl 


0 


3 


3' 
3' 
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311.5 
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11.5 
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11.1 

lll.O 

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11.5 
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14. s 
14.0 
12.1 
12,2 
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12.11 
12.2 
-12.0 


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11.2 
11.4 
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11.5 
11.11 

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1 1 1.2 
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lo.l 

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l;i.7 
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l«.ii 
111.4 

20.  s 

2:1. :i 

2:1.4 
2:1.1: 


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211.1 
27.4 
2ii.ll 
27.5 
26.8 


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23.05  — :I3.41  —34.1s  — 34.113 


14.43  -12.18 


■J.  tl, 

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•j'ti. 

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:t.il.. 

— 2tl.5 

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^ 

U.l.o 

—  11,8 

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23.11 

11.11 

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—  0.8 

111.5 

27.5 

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—  11.8 

20.5 

25.11 

1:1.0 

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—  0.8 

21.7 

23.2 

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4.1.4 

21.11 

'J:i.2 

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21.5 

22.5 

14  4 

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22.5 

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-  7.0 

-  2.4 

21.0 

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12.5 

-   8.5 

—  Il.ll 

22.0 

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12.5 

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—  8.0 

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11. 8 

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—  lll.S 

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20.5 

1 1  2 

-  7.7 

— lii.li 

1  J) ,  S 

111.5 

111.2 

-  11.5 

—  17.2 

111.5 

111.2 

11. 1 

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—  13.11 

14.2 

,     ll'.ii 

S.4 

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111.0 

7.5 

-  2.5 

—  15.1 

13.5 

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5,2 

f  'J.o 

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12.5 

,     Is. 5 

4,il 

-18.0 

12,11 

i     17.8 

3.5 

f-    1.8 

— -20.2 

12.8 

ll!.8 

5.8 

y.  2.2 

—  18.2 

lO.H 

— ll).5 

-  11.4 

H  1.8 

—18.8 

-l'J.5 

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—  10.611 

H 

h  8,10 

—10,32 

— I7.:ii 

-11.5 

10.11 
lll.O 


ii.5 
8.5 
8.2 
8.2 


8.1 

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11.5 
7.3 
7.5 
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8.11 
7.S 

11.0 

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-  5.5 


-24.1:1 


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-■J4.i.:i 
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-24.115 


—  8.40  -25.4.1 


or  noteil  I.' 


1  Ti'iiii..  riitiints  11. .ltd  l.y  till'  uiurLiirial  .•^tiiiulanl  (.l/>;  reaJingn  tietwocD — lt>\U  and — 14\0  clmckod  l.y  ii|iiril  standard  (.8-), 
till-  InttiT  iii.-tniiii.'iit. 

•  Ti'lii|i.T.iturii  falliiiB  21". s  in  i.ij;!,!  lii.urH.  (  C.n.i'ti'd  l.y  10'. 

Iii'o.  2inli.  At  3A  1'.  .M.,  til.'  ti.'iii|i..r;itur,'  .it  tliii  floi>  was  — Sir.ri ;  lliii  party  nt  Hkirt.^i  «.f  l..iy  i.l.faiii.'.l,  f..r  tin.  naiiiu  lumr,  — l:t  .0. 

lli'C.  22.1.  Maxiiiiiiiu  ili'|.r.>ssii)n  ..f  tliu  sun  l.tluw  the  li.irizon.  at  l.uun  and  for  tli.'  ii{.|.i.r  liliil.,  IP  7'. 

lltic.  2m1i.  First  heavy  ualii  i'X|.i'rifiic»'d  i*iiu'i.  llie  eLirinri-  of  the  winter  liaih.ir ;  u  iiid  frmu  the  S.  K.  (niami.'tii').     Ki.-'e  oT  teiniKTat'.ire, 
l..*tween  01.    and  1'.  ,  In-'. 4 — the  iiio.<t  i^udileli  change  y.^t  li..te.l. 


22 

Mi.ln't   - 

.M..an»    - 

1  T..1,. 

.Ian.  4 

111    25' 1 

,Ian.  7 

.Ian.  Ist 

.Ian.  1 

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Aj'ril  UmIi.  The  sun  was  refnu-lftl  iilmvt'  tin;  horizon  ut  niiilniL'lit. 


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«  M 

Mil  il.-lilv 

tf.iiipi'raturcs  ii.)t  tlvt.il  in 

Apivn.l 

X  XII 

Vol.    11. 

of  the  narrative. 

The  ah 

ive  vali 

it.'rpolat 

.1.    On 

aecoiint  of  this. 

ft  cnnt 

ctinn  ^' ;i!i 

applif 

1  to  tlio  iiitf.lii  .lailv 

valui.s 

(-11 

..^J).      H.. 

ii.h's  till 

^  i'urr..iti. 

It,  a  small  one  was  nppi 

e.l  t..  the  honrl. 

■  means  to  refer 

thiMii  t 

o  tliH  mi. 

.lie  of  the  mnlltli. 

t   From  iti'uu, 

Nov.  J 

itli,  the  Heooli.t  spir 

t  slan.lar.i  wa 

»  UfJf.l. 

■'ivin  a  imml.er  of 

l'oIllpari^ 

nns,  it.s 

correfti. 

ns  were 

fouilil  11 

e  same  as  those 

ninilf  out  f*ir  sj) 

lit  stall. I.Tr.l  .^. 

Nov 

mil.  T 

If  llM'rmimii'tt'r  cm  lianll 

v  h«  ohnprve.l 

at  ii.toii. 

ay  with.tnt  n  liiilit.     Nov. 

l.'.tli.  Can  rea. 

Parrv^s 

type  at 

no.. 11.  hnt  with 

pri'rtt  < 

iffl.uKv. 

Nov. 

llilli.  Colli. 1  not  m 

.1  thi.   1 

pe  al 

noon.     ^ 

ov.  ■Jiul 

.   Hpiril  s 

an.lar  1 

lUl.l  loi 

i.  ether 

tln.rinon 

.•ter  on 

sh..re,  an.l  loim 

iiiiTcuri;il  ^l:uiii 

inl  on 

.o.nr.i,  hroki-n  hy  la 

t  nielli 

H  yale. 

Nov.  JUth.  M.-i 

•iiry  eoiik'eale.l  at 

— 4J  .7 

;  resiiin 

es  its  Mill 

hty  at 

-:is'. 

11 


,r'' 


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1!  !•:  r  o  i;  n  a  n  i»  d  i  s  c  i'  s  s  i  o  n  o  i'  t  k  m  r  i;  i;  a  t  r  u  i:  s. 


'I'lMrni  Ml  iiK.  IT  1 IIK  Am  i\  Sii  M'K  iii:>ni\  i:ii  at  \',\\  I!i;v^(;i,m;i;  Ilvuiii'ii, 

III  I'l iiilirr,  l^.il,  ill  I, III,  7"-    .'IT',  l.iiiie.  T"    .'i  1'  W.  ul'  (Iriiinvirli. 

i:\|iri'--(i|  ill  ili'LTi'i',-  (pf  l-'alu'i'iilicilV  >i\\\<\     On  i|r(I>  i.l'  ilir  lirii;'  Ailmiiii'. 


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>.ll 
117. M 

;i-.i 

ll-.S 

11-. II 
117.11 
111.11 
27.4 
2ii  II 
21 '.4 


24.11 
211.4 
21.11 
21i.li 
22,4 
21,11 
111,5 
17.5 
17.5 
-17.11 


21  5 
111.5 
lii.K 
15.11 
14  5 
1  1.11 
14.5 
111.  5 
l-.ll 
111,5 

22  4 
2-, II 
11-1 
41.11 
411  « 
42.5 
45.11 
45.11 
45.11 
4,1.1' 

-4ii.K 


Meaim  — 41.1 


-21.51*  — '21.i;il  — '2l«.».H  —211.1111  —117.45  — 51.ii.l  -5 


1  —1111.51  —44.111'  —41.5(1 


l.I.t 

M.H„. 

41,2 

117.1111 

14  5 

-117  llil 

44.h 

— .17.5H 

411.2 

—  lis. 11,1 

40.1 

-117.24 

117.1 

— llii.77 

112. 11 

-117.1- 

—117,114 

25.4 

n.'l,l;^ 

24.11 

— 115.25 

211.  K 

—114.711 

211.4 

—115.112 

21)7 

—115.-4 

22.  H 

—115.11.1 

21.4 

-111,.  17 

22,7 

— lUillii 

21.11 

— lli;.4- 

.1,.!    . 

22.7 

22.4 

—lis. ml 

24.4 

—11-. 211 

2il.,) 

-117.115 

— 2ii.4 

—117. SI 

-211.(18 

-1.1.711 

Poc.  lf*th.   From  II''   to  l!0>i  ,  tlio  rcaiiiiiRA  wt-n'  supiilifii  fmm  thiTinnniftiT  .1. 
I>t.'C.  iliMh.   From  I''   to  14''  ,  the  readings  were  siipplieil  from  thermometer  .1. 


11  !•; c () u  I)  A  \ I)  I) I s c i; s s  I o n  ok  t k m v v.  u a t r  li  ic s. 


•2:i 


■tT.:i 

:17.U 

IT  ■' 

;:7  I 

■1^  11 

■l-> 

.'.".7 

■{-.■I 

l-J  1 

1^,11 

,M.i; 

■I'M 

•17. :i 
■17.:' 
■I'.i; 

1'.'.  I 

•MM 

.|i;.H 

■17. '.1 

.III. 11 

■l'..- 

.1,,., 

■17   i 

17  '. 

.)!  ■! 

.17    1 

■\'y^ 

■17   1 

■11. r. 

■l.-..i; 

—  r.u  s 

■l.'..;i 

If.  1 

4%.  1 

( r: :  1 

:ili.7 

I  — llMll 

—  IlK.*! 

-4:1.2 

-:i7.ii:l 

1  1    .'. 

'.:i7  :ii: 

U.'- 

-.-  17. 'H 

■11. J 

—  :;s  ii.i 

40.1 

-17.24 

:i7.i 

M.i'i 

-:i7.1>' 

ii'.i.ii 

— :i7,ii4 

2''i.:i 

— :iii.07 

2.'..4 

— :iri.ils 

21.11 

— iri.2.^ 

2:1.  »< 

— ;i4.7:' 

2.1.4 

-:iri,:i2 

2.17 

-:i.'i.-.4 

22.  H 

-:i.'i.»H 

21.4 

— :i.,.l7 

22. 7 

— :iii  :i'i 

21. :l 

— :iii.4« 

22.4 

-:iN.ii:i 

24.4 

-.;i-.2:i 

21I.I 

—  .t( .:'.' 

—211.4 

— :i7.M 

^ 


'I'KMlKIl  All  UK  HI    IIIK  Am  IN  SlI.MiK  lill.-KllV  Kll  .\T   Va.v  IU:n.->ki..\i.ii  II.MIIIhU, 

III  .liiiiiiiiry,  1n."i."i,  ill  I.ul.  "s^  :;;',  1.1111;;.  711^  ;>:i'  W.  Ill'  (iririittiili. 

I').v|irr^-iil  ill  iji'L'ivis  dl'  l'\ilin'iilicir.-  >c;ili'.     On  dii-k  hI'  llir  lii'iir  Ailviiiii'i'. 


Ill 
II 

N.H  11 
l:i 
14 
!.•. 

i>; 

17 

1- 
1:1 

21 

■ji 

.Miln't 
.M.-alM 


-  2.'.  4 

-4.'i.il 

— W.4 

-W.2 

(-r.iii 

,-:il  I) 

,-.-.l  M 

— ii.'...'i« 

—  fi .' .  ^ 

— 4i'.» 

-41. :i 

—44.11 

-2.1.4 

2.-..  1 

4:1.7 

:i7.H 

111'. 4 

-4>i.:i 

.'.■.'  1:1 

114.. '1 

.'i.'l.'i 

42.- 

4:1.2 

4.'i.il 

2.1.4 

2'i .  7 

42:1 

:i7.1 

411.4 

4«..'. 

-:i4.H 

— .'i2.!l 

ii.'i.ii 

.'l.'l.l' 

4  1.2 

42.  r. 

47.1 

27.4 

2'1.4 

4:1. 2t 

.i7.:i 

41  s 

4-.7 

:i4.2 

.'.4.h 

114.S 

.'l.'l.ll 

41.- 

42  :i 

47.11 

27.1' 

2'1.:' 

4:1.71 

Illl.S 

41.7 

41'  1 

f.l.il 

11:1.7 

.'i.'l.'i 

1111.- 

411- 

4-.:l 

2.1.4 

2:1.1' 

4r..iit 

117.1 

44.S 

4v:t 

:t-.i 

fill  II 

112.1' 

.'i7.'i 

1111.11 

:iii,ii 

411.1 

2.'. .  7 

:iii .') 

■17.11 

:i7.:l 

4il.K 

47.11 

4:1.7 

47. :l 

ill.l 

.'I-.7 

1111,2 

111.- 

.'.11.4 

24.11 

22.7 

47.11 

:i'i.'* 

4.;.ii 

44.'. 

4:1.2 

.'111.4 

.'.-.:! 

ri-.:i 

:i.'i.7 

:iii.ii 

411.7 

211.4 

:il.l 

41:. ■< 

:ii;.:i 

411.4 

42.  :i 

41.2 

.'ill.  7 

.'ill.  2 

fill." 

11. '..2 

21.4 

47.11 

24.4 

:H.-< 

47.1 

:i."..7 

4:1. il 

4:1  Ti 

4.-I.I1 

.'il.l 

.'..'1  T) 

.'iii.l' 

ii.'i.ii 

21,4 

4.'i.il 

17..'i 

:!■;.  I 

47. .1 

:i.'i.7 

.'.l.:l 

42:) 

411.1' 

.'ill.!l 

.'l  .*! .  ^ 

.'■i7..'i 

:i4.- 

21,.'i 

4  1.2 

II  .• 

:iT.l 

42.. '1 

;lll.^ 

4:1. il 

41.- 

14.11 

r.11.4 

.'i.'l.- 

.'i7.7 

::.-i.l 

1-..'. 

41- 

Ill,  I 

.17..*! 

4:1.21 

:i7.l 

4-.:i 

;ii'.2 

.'i4.s 

,'.11.4 

.'l.'l..'l 

.'ill, 11 

:il.- 

2l..'i 

41.- 

11,11 

:i».:) 

4:1.. M 

:i7.^ 

4vl 

;i-.s 

ri4.ii 

.'il.ii 

.'i.'l.'i 

riii.n 

:i.-i.l 

27.:) 

41.- 

lii,7 

;i>.'> 

4:1. 7t 

:i",ii 

4i:.- 

;i-.:l 

,'i.'i..'i 

.'il.i! 

.'.4.- 

■II.H 

:i.'i.7 

:i2.ii 

41.1 

II,:. 

;i:i.2 

41.1 

:iN..i 

47.1 

•.r,.s 

.'I'l.i 

.'i2.1' 

.'..I.li 

.'i4.2 

:iii.- 

:iii.:l 

4".- 

11  - 

:!■.•< 

41..'. 

:i:i.2 

4.-i.il 

:ii;.i' 

.'Hi. 2 

.Mi.ri 

.'i4.2 

.'ll.ll 

;i7.i 

:i«.i' 

41.- 

12.- 

:i".I 

4il..'i 

111'.  7 

4.'i.il 

:i.-i.7 

.'.  - .  .'i 

.'.Il.l' 

.'i.'i.ii 

4-..'i 

H7.H 

:iii.7 

42..-. 

Il.i' 

:ii.^ 

4:1  21 

411.7 

4r.,ll 

:i.'i.2 

.',-.:! 

1:1.4 

.'ill.  2 

4ll.lt 

:i-.- 

41.1' 

411.- 

1  ■:..-, 

:;.■..  1 

41.:l| 

41  1' 

4'1.2 

:i2.'; 

.'ill. 2 

lll.ll 

.'.!.. '1 

.'1I..I 

:iii.2 

4,1.2 

411.- 

17.- 

;il  1' 

411.S 

4II.X 

4-1 

;i2.4 

.'iii.i' 

1M.4 

.'i2.1l 

411.7 

:i7.- 

4  1.2 

4.1.11 

l-..'i 

:i4.- 

41  1 

.|i.^ 

4il.2 

;i4..- 

I'.i  ■" 

i;i.:l 

.'i:l..'i 

47.4 

:i;i.7 

44..'i 

:il.- 

111. 11 

.I'.l 

;i:i.2 

411  > 

4.;..- 

:i.l.ii 

.'.2.1' 

114.4 

.'1:1..- 

4:1.2 

41 '.2 

14..". 

:il.ii 

I1..1' 

-  4ii." 

-.-ii'.'.i' 
—  1:1.111 

-  :iii.7 

-47.1' 

— :i4.2 

-,'il.ti 

— ii.'i.:i 

-.'..'i.l 

-411.1' 

-4li.s 

— 44..'i 

—27.- 

—  ll'.il 

_:i.i.-4 

-;^^.21 

-4.').ur> 

— 41 '.I'll 

-4^.2ll 

—.'.4.1;.'' 

— .'i7.77 

-,',:i..'i7 

— ;i!*.17 

— ll.'l.M' 

4.1.112 

—  U'.ii 

-1 !)..'. 
21..'. 


21.4 
2:1  I 

2:1.1 
2:1.4 
21,4 

2:1.4 
24.11 

2.-..  4 

2.1.4 
2  .11 


-IM.s     — 111..'. 

117. :i 

ll.'i.H 

:i.'i.>i 
Itil.l 
Ii.'i.ii 
:i:i.H 
117.1 
:ii',.'i 
111. II 

llL.'i 

iiii..'. 
iiii.i' 
211.  r. 
:ii.- 

:i:i.ii 
:i2.ii 
111..'. 
n2.11 

iii.ii 

1:11  -I 

1:11  :i 

— :ll  111 


;i4.i 

:14.x 
:i.-i.  1 
:i.'i.:i 
:i.'i.H 
11-. :l 
41.4 
:i:i.7 

:iii.7 

111  I. 


Ill 
11 

1  i 
11 
l.'i 
111 
17 
\t 
II' 
2" 
21 

2,1 
Mi.ln'l 


-.4 
2.4 


.Mi.;ins    —111.(15 


2:1. :l 

i-.r. 

I7..'i 
li'..'i 


211.1' 

22.4 
21.  r. 
21. ;i 
2:1.  s 

(■Jl  -. 

IJ'T! 

ii'.i:. 
is.r. 
11'..'. 
111..'. 
17.:l 
ii-i ... 


1—111  II 
-20.12 


2r..i':l 


-:i2.ii.'i  — :)4.12 


21.1     I 


2:..  11 

-1-..-. 

— :iii.:i 

-2.1.4 

— ;'."..ii 

2il.2 

2ii..'» 

:tii,4 

27.11 

114.11 

21..'. 

27.4 

:i:l.- 

111..'. 

;i:i.- 

•j:i.:i 

2.'.. It 

;l:l.^ 

:i2.i' 

:!:l.l 

1-1 : 

r:.i  ,■.. 

1 1 1  il 

(11111 

Cl-Ji. 

.■-M  ..| 

(n:  111 

I.TJ.-.I 

(1.1 1.1 

i:l-J.i| 

24.4 

r.'T  ,M 

till  ■,.. 

I'll  1.1 

cu  .-.i 

22.1' 

j^  I.I 

Illl  111 

1  L".  -1 

(II  III 

21.4 

2-..'. 

;ii'.5 

llli.H 

;tii..'i 

21.11 

2-.r. 

:i'i..-. 

llil.C 

:ii..'. 

22.4 

2-..'i 

2-.4 

:i'l.s 

:i2.r. 

2:1.:! 

27.4 

27.11 

37. 'i 

:i:i.- 

i-ii  11. 

CJMl 

(1-  ■:< 

:t4,ii 

(■-•■:  rl. 

HI..  11) 

C-'il  t'l 

(1-  -1 

:i:i.K 

.■-•■J  11 

IJ-  :l. 

I'.'il  11 

CI'.  .1: 

:i4.i' 

l-il  -1 

|•i^  "I 

(Il.l. 

:i:i..s 

21.4 

211.0 

2.'i.4 

40.S 

;i4.:i 

22,11 

211..'. 

24.11 

41.4 

;i:i..s 

(JJ  .1. 

i:n  .-.i 

li'ill 

( t..,.'.» 

(iij.'.i 

(■il  -Jl 

1:11  .-.1 

lii  ,1. 

(;ti.  .1. 

1  11  :l| 

(lit  M 

IT.'  II 

rii  ,M 

1,1'.  71 

lllt.ll 

24  4 

ri:i  11 

111.  Tl 

(117  -I 

2s.ll 

2.1.7 

.11  II 

fjii  111 

(H.l-I 

27.2 

-2.'i.4 

i-.r.  .11 

(-■jii  -Jl 

~^^  iM 

2il.!i 

1.-..: 
11!.: 
12.: 
11.1 


1-1 1 
(-.1 II 

1-1  :i 

l+i.  1 
1(11 


M. 

_., 

!.l:l  — 2-.2- 

—11 

1.27  -2-,4ii 

— :i 

l.:i4  —2-. 44 

— ;. 

1.44  -2-. 47 

— :i 

:.;ii'  —'2.-. 41 

— ;i 

1.411  -2,-. 114 

-:t.'i.:i.''i  - 

-H4..'..'.  - 

-nil. I'll  - 

■.'1:1. --  - 

-:i4.i.:l  ■ 

^114. -2.1  . 

-:i4.4- 

-:i4.44 

-:i4.77 

_:l4.:i:l 

-:i4.7.'i 

-:i."..ii- 

-:i4.i-2 

-:i.'...il 


:i.42— 2S.4,'.  — 2ii.('.'i— :iii.;)l— :i2.i-— I2.:ii'-fi4.ii2— 11 


;i,-  -f:i.:)i'  -j-ii.4fi 


4-4.; 


;i'  — iii.dn  1-11'. 


M.lil 
M.ill 


7.21 


•  I...w.'.-t  Ii'miiiT.'itiiri"  ol.-i>rvf.l  lliii.  wint.T.  1   Hi'iuliiinti  iiui.plii'il  from  tlirnni.liu't.'r  <'.  I   Hlowinc  U;ir.l  l.t'tw.'i'll  tOli   .liiil  12'.. 

^'  Mi'alis  >ui.|'li,'i|  fnilii  111.'  Mi'iimi.l  vulillili'  nf  lit.'  iKirnitivi',  tin'  v;ilui"i  l.i-ilii:  i'(.rri'.teil  l.y  -|-l".:^^l.  from  nimii;iriMi|l^<  on  .Ian.  llllli. 
Till,  r.-ii^tant  oorr.'rtion  apjilii'd  to  llm  lii.st  vtTtiral  ooliinin  is  — 27  .2:1  -^-:l.'.  .2.'.  =  -f-**  ■''-•  '^'  "liiili  ha.s  L.-.n  a. Mi'. I  Miiall  r.irri'.tion-s  to 
ri'Tir  till'  iliiiinal  vaiiation  anil  lliu  inraiiK  In  the  miilillo  of  tin'  mortli. 


m 


m 


!    i 


I! I'. (OK i>  A  N  1)  1)  1  s (•  r s s  1 0 N  ()  1"  T i; M  I' i: i; a t v  u k s. 


Tin-  I'olliiwiiiir  is  :in  cnmiiiiiIc  (nl"  ii  soiiicwli.it   cxlri'iiu'  (mxO  of  llic  inctliiid  (if 


itt'ipiihitiiiii  iii1ii|iUm|  ill  tiu-  pri'i 


ili-tnict.      I! 


i'i|iiir('il,  the  liiiiniv  tc'iii|i('r<iliii'i'.s 


hctwi'i'ii,   ls")4.   April  "Jil, 'Jll'' ,  1111(1   .\|iiil   .".il.  l."/'.     'I'l.c  iiiontlilv  i ins  (if  imcIi 

liiiiir  (iiinittiiiL'  till'  (liixiTvatioii.s  (ill  the  llil  ami  :'iil)  were  lirsl  coiiiiMrcd  willi  llicir 
iiidiillilv  iiK'Mii.  \\\\v\\  tl"  iiiiMii  (liiinial  VMi'iiilidii  (llir  the  I'llli  dl'  tlic  iikmiIIi) 
lii'i'aiiK'  known.  In  lilic  .naiuicr,  tin-  variation  liir  the  iiii'ccdinL,'  nmnlli  was  uli- 
taini'd;  and  then,  iiy  a  simple  iiiti'ipolation,  the  mean  diurnal  vaiialioii  liii-  (In- 
time  bt'twi't'ii  tlic  '_'d  and  .'!d  was  I'onnd.  lift  '•,  i'; ''i ''i  -  -  —  r^,  fipiai  llic  lioinly 
\ahu's  of  tlic  diunial  variatinn,  I  ccpial  the  mean  li'mpiTatiil'c.  and  /'  nsiiltiiii.'  or 
intcrpolatiMl  tcmpciatiircs  ;  tlicn   '/'=  rt-  r  /i.  wlicic  />  a  I'lclm- dcpcndin.'  piimipilly 


lilt'  t 


ransparciicy  nl   tiic  almii-^plicic 


'I'o  IIm'I  the  Iiniirly  values  of  I 
T  iif  consiciitivi 


iinil  / 


lor 
/I'm 


e  ahove  interval,  we  selei-t  a  eiui\ciiieut  nunilier  nl  consiciilive  oliservalloiis  Mtldie 
Hid  alter  tiie  interval,  wliieli,  in  the  [iresent  ease.  ):ives  the  eipiations  — 


April  -2.  i:.''  — -Jl  •.>  =  t  +;!T  /I 

ic  —Jilt  =  /  +:i  ■-'/) 

17  _-j:!  (I  =  /  +■_>  s  jl 

IS  — -J.-..!!  =  I  -f-.M   /. 

1!)  ._:>>  (i  =  /  +  1   I  /, 

ill  — J7.li  =  I  +11  ■>  j, 


Ainii ;!.  i;;''  —ii;.;!  =  i  +:m  /) 

1 1  — •ji',..'i  =  /  +  1 II /I 

i;,  _;;i.i)  =  / +;i  7 /' 

Ic,  _j,-,.«<  =  / +:i.-j /I 

17  _-jii,n  =  ( +-2  s/, 

IX  _:!ll  1  =  I  +JI  !> 


Mnlli     — Jl  1  ^  I  +-j,-j  r 
Ami  ffi'iii  i'iMii|iiiiiMp|i   (  I  =  — J'.i  1    ■) 
with  I'lii-li  0(11111111111     I  /I  =         Jill 
lIiMicc,  liciurly  vuriatjiiM  in  I  — ii".:;.'i,  iinil  in  /.  — ii" Hi. 


for  17^" 


— J7.1  =1  +;i  J/' 

;.  =.         li.ii;!) 


Tilt'  ahove  sets  of  eipiations  were  then  eorreeted  fur  tliis  hourly  eliaiiL'e  of  I  ,iiid 
]i,  when  the  foUowint;  corrected  results  were  ohtained  : — 


t  -  — J7.n 
.,  =       1  (111 


/  ™  — ,^.•l,•J 
/)  =      1.111) 


These  values,  when  -^uiistilutcil  in  the  e(|iiatioiis,  leave  the  following'  residuals: — 


111  lir<t  -It 


-11.1 


-II  I 


III  .-CI I  >ct        II  1. 


411  J        — (I. 

+  J.II      +1 


—  1.:) 


+  1 


Troll,  crrnr  nf  imicIi  +ii=,ii 
4-111 


Tlic  U'lic  Iniiirly  vuriiitimi  in  /  In 


-M 


—II. Ill 


'J'lie  foUouiii;.'  table  contains  the  interiiolalcd  values  of  i  and  /',  and  the  rcsul 
iiii.'  hourly  teiii[ieratures  liir  the  interval. 


I 


ls.'i4 

/ 

I- 

/' 

/■ 

I- 

'1 

( 

r 

/' 

T 

Al.iil  J.  Jl" 

—J"  .7 

— 11  .7 

1  .cs 

-j:i  m 

A 

.nl 

1,  .'il' 

— :iir.ii 

—  J  .0 

1  .7.', 

-.i.'i  .Ii 

J  J 

— Jii.ii 

—  I  .Ii 

l.iiii 

-:u.7 

II 

—  :;ii.ii 

—  J.l 

1 .77 

—  :iri  J 

J.l 

— Jii.J 

— J.l 

l.ilH 

— :«.« 

7 

— :;l.l 

—  l.ii 

1.7;i 

—  :i:i  ',1 

J4 

— 'Jli.-'i 

—  J.H 

l.i;;i 

— :u.2 

s 

— :;l.:l 

— 11.7 

l.Ml 

—  :iJ.ii 

,\|.ril ::,    1 

—  ^1.7 

-:i.4 

1.711 

— :i.'i.ri 

11 

^-:il.i; 

4II-- 

1  .'•J 

-•■111.:) 

•^ 

— J'.i.l' 

-:i..l 

1.7  J 

— :i.i.s 

111 

-  :U.H 

41..'. 

l.i-.i 

-j'.i.i 

s 

— :)ii.j 

— :i.ii 

1.7:1 

-:iii.4 

II 

— -:i2.ii 

4J.4 

\.<t 

—j7.1i 

4 

— 3U.4 

_:u 

1.74 

— 3ti.:i 

IJ 

— :ij.:) 

4:i." 

l.?ti 

— Ju.7 

Which  values  in  the  lust  coluinii  will  be  ibuiiil  in  their  proper  place  in  the  piccec 
iPK  abstract. 


ISKCOIil)   AM)  UrsCfSSIOX  OF  Ti:MiM'i;ATn!i:s, 


suit- 


oceJ- 


/)iiiriiii/  Vnriiilinii. — Hclore  fiiviiif,'  tlii'  tiilili;  of  tlic  diiiriial  cliniijro  of  tlio  iitnio- 
fplii'i'ic  totii[H'riitin't's,  it  will  bu  pfipijcr  to  roiimrk  that,  iistronoiuically,  the  iippor 
liiiil)  of  till!  hiiii  ci'ii.Mcs  tl)  1h'  visililc  at  iiooii  on  ()i!t.  liOtli,  anil  ri'appcars  at  noon 
I'VI).  Illtli;  hi'twciMi  April  I'.Hii  iinil  Aii^'.  "Jitli,  tlio  lower  limb  will  continue  aliovo 
the  liori/on  witlioiit  Hrttiiij.'.  On  aci'onnt  of  the  consiileraiile  annual  variation  of 
the  tcinperatini',  tin'  (ijiines  in  the  last  vertical  colunni  of  earli  month  in  the  pro- 
ceding  aliitraelH,  Inailril  "luran,"  require  a  ."iuiali  correction  for  the  efli'ct  of  the 
annual  chiiujri'  ilurirur  twcnt v-four  hours;  thev'  will  tlien  represent  the  diurnal 
\aiiatiiin  for  llio  niiildlc  of  eaeii  iiiniith.  'J'hus.  liir  Se[iti'nd)er,  l>0o,  tlie  effect  of 
the  annu;il  ciinuui'  iluriufi-  tweiit y-limr  hours  is  (I  .oD  decreasing:,  hence  the  niaxi- 
ininn  corrections  applied  ai-e  — 1)".2')  and  -1-0'. -lo  fur  1''-  anil  24'''  respectively; 
and  for  tlie  iulernii  diate  hours  an  alii(Uot  part  of  this  is  applied,  accordinir  to  the 
interval  from  noon,  where  the  correction  is  /ero.  The  liillowin^'  table  presents  the 
sunnuary  of  tiie  diurnal  variation  for  each  month  of  the  year;  for  the  lirst  five 
months,  the  li;.'ures  are  the  mean  from  two  sets.  The  highest  and  lowest  values, 
l()r  better  distinction,  are  placed  iietween  parentheses. 


Mkas 

I'll  iis.u.  \  .MOAi  imn  i.i   no:  'I'kmckiia  i  i  hk 

lull    III 

.  MII'hl.K  111-  K  \ 

II  .Mu.s  111  iiK  iio;  ^'^;AH. 

II...lr, 

S.'|'l. 

Ih-I,            .\..v              il.C              .lull. 

K..li 

.M.iirli 

A|.ril            .M.iy 

.iiiii...         .iii:.v 

.\u.;ii-t. 

1 

l-ln.M) 

— ;i.7i;  -21. .'.1  — :ii.ri4— is.iM  ( 

-:i4.:iil) 

.1^     F,. 

-11.77(4-  ll.iil)  (  +  27.21) -f:iil.i;7 

(+28.011) 

■J 

l".:i7 

:i.7:'     ■.;i..vi     :il.:iii     :!>«.4'.i 

:i4.:i2 

:is.4ii 

11. x2          :i.il2 

27. 2.-.        II1I.71I 

'2!i.:i:l 

; 

ll.J- 

:i.7l      -l.lil     ;il.ii.'i      lls.il;; 

114.14 

iis.iil  (12.211)        I1..2.1 

27.411       iiii.7:i 

211.27 

1 

11.  Jl 

:;..■.»     ::i.4:;  (:U.--J)     'Jn.iH 

;i:i.r.4 

(lis. Ml) 

11.77        111.7- 

27.71        llil.7s 

2i'.ii7 

Tl 

1  I.J.I 

:i.47      ".IJ."!!     ;1ii.;i7      *js.(;i: 

:i4.2ii 

:i«.>l 

lii.liil        12.ii.'i 

2'^.!i'^        liil.;'4 

2:i..'i.'i 

i; 

ll.^rl 

:i.47  (UJ.  i.'i)     :i".'-;i     ;;«.7l 

;i;i.i;2 

IN.ilii 

UMlil        12.111 

2:i,iil       117. ii" 

:i".17 

7 

1-.H7 

:i.ii     :;-.;.l.i     :iii.:i7  CJ:'.!'::) 

:i:i.l:i 

117. :U 

!i.:i2        IH.ill 

:i».4il       y7.7il 

:iii.s:l 

^ 

I4.:« 

:i.:i-j     -l-l.T,     :U.n4     Uh,4;i 

;i2.s7 

H7..'.2 

S.2S          11. .'Hi 

HI. 11:1       HI. 4:1 

:u.s4 

I.-,. 117 

M.iH'     ;:j.i'ii     :iti.(;ii     'Z>.u\ 

:i2.i;,i 

:iil.2:l 

CI.1I4       14.4.'i 

:iii.s;i       :i|i.42 

112.11*1 

1" 

l,"..7.'i 

(J. 7-)      --.  1^     ;ji'.iis     ;:,-.j:i 

:i2.lii 

11.',. IN 

11. nil       l.-i.U 

1)1. n-       1111. i::l 

ll.i.-:) 

II 

ni.i.'i 

i;.h|      ill.Ch     .■|ii..',i     •J7.7.'i 

112.42 

;i4..-.i 

.'1.117        l.'i.il- 

111. 4:1       411.1111 

H4.I1H 

.N.iMI, 

i.;.4ii 

■J.l'T  rll.M)  (:iii.ii4)  (27. UD) 

111.711 

11:1.117 

4.41I       l.-i.>;i 

.■)2.1-<    (4iMi4) 

114. 2" 

i  ; 

(l'i.47) 

:i.ii:i     21.7:1     :'.iM-'     27. .'.'1 

lll.llii 

:i:;.i:ii 

4.II.-.       M.mi 

(:i2.:ll)      111'.-:) 

114. 2il 

M 

iii.i;; 

:i.ls      21.72     :!ii.44     27. .'.7 

(111. 211) 

(:i:i.2ii| 

11.27       M.lU 

:i2.17       lii'.ilii 

(114.2I>) 

1:' 

i.'..ii.'i 

:i.iis     21.77     :i".77     2-.ii- 

111. 41 

:i:i.«i; 

(:1.17)        lil.:i> 

Hl.s.-i       im.il.'i 

llH.lnl 

!>'. 

l:-..ll 

n.is     2i.s'i    :;i.ii^    2s.:;2 

111. .-.2 

:H.:i7 

:i..',l      (lil.ii.-.) 

:U.,'.2       iliMl.-. 

:i:i.:is 

17 

II.. M 

:!.4.!     2l.i;!i    iil.l''     2-. I'll 

:tl.7s 

;t.'i.i:7 

11.117        111. "4 

111. Ill         ils.s.-i 

:i.i.ll 

1' 

1  1.117 

:i.7li      21. '.1:1     :II.:12     J-^.n" 

;i  1.114 

:iii.:>2 

4..'i7       1.'..17 

Hl.n.s  ;    :1s. .'ill 

H2,i;2 

1:' 

1  i.-J- 

4.2s      22.1111     :U..'i:i      27. '•7 

;u..'i^ 

:iil.s.'. 

11. m        14.211 

Hii.iiii       :i'».2:i 

112.2."i 

■Jii 

l.',7'' 

4.:iil      22.14  (:U. SI)      2s. Is 

111. 7-1 

ii".7.'i 

7.i'l        111.41 

::ii.4l       :i7.i:'i 

111. HI 

-I 

\2Au 

4.:i4  (22.114)     HI. 74      2s.iiii 

:i2.l.'. 

117. I'll 

'*.:i7        I2.:-.'1 

2li.7.'i        117.22 

1.1. 11:1 

^IZ 

liii7 

4.:ls      22.:iii     :il.il2      2S.ii| 

:t:i.22 

:ivl7 

■...:i|       11.4:1 

2;i.,i.i    (iM.i..-.) 

111. nil 

■a 

U.:iii 

4.:i4      22..'i4     :U.,'il  (2-. 111!) 

:i:1.2.'i 

lis. 42 

In. 71        li'.:l7 

2«.:l-        ilil.sl 

itii.ii:! 

Mi.hi't 

4- 11.11,') 

(-4.:i',i  — 22.:i7— :U.:i.'i  — 2s.:i4    - 

-:i:i..'i:! 

— lis.iU 

-II. s7    4-  I'-i'" 

+27.1'-    +llil.l'2 

+  ll"."7 

.MiMIl 

+  i:i.4.', 

— :!..".7— 21.:i.'.— :n.l2— 2".22   - 

^:i2.il.'i 

— :ir,.7ii 

-  7.71'   +1  1.4,-. 

+  1111.12    +:is.l:i 

+  :u.s2 

,\nipli- 
lii'l.' 

1.117     *l.i"i     •l.ii.'i     *i.r..- 

11.117 

.',.11,1 

'.i.mi         7.:i.l 

.Vl"         :i.:i7 

.').:lii 

*  Tl 

<•  aiiiplit 

lU-  for  Novvmlii-r,  l><-ii-iiilii'r,  .in. 

.l.umar 

',  was  ill 

rivi'il  I'roni  a  i.'r;i 

ihii'al  ri'[iri'st'ntatii 

n  .>(  till' 

hoiirlv 

v:iUi.-s  tl 

rtiimh  wlii.'li  a  cui-vc  wa-i  llinnvl 

Willi  a 

iw  Wmu 

in  iir.liT  to  I'lini 

nato  till'  I'lV.-rl  iif  tliii  a,ri-  | 

(li'iilal  viiriatioii 

il>,'lf. 

,  whii'li,  iluriiii.'  tlu'rfii  liuiiltlK,  a 

i|iii)ai'li 

in  ni;u-nitiiilo  to  Un'  ran 

%o  of  till.'  diurnal  \ 

ariation 

Accordiiijr  to  the  preccdiiij:  table,  tlie  epoch  of  the  diurnal  maximum  temperature 
occurs  in  the  months  of  October  and  November  (when  the  diurnal  amiditude  is  a 
minimum)  aliout  one  hour  before  noon,  and  in  April  and  May  (when  the  diurnal 
4 


:ii 


j1;I| 


n    '.-  •  :i 


I!"' 


ii# 


K  !•:  f  O  1!  I)   A  N  I)   I)  I  S  t'  U  S  S  I O  N   t)  1"   T  V.  M  1'  K  K  A  'I'  U  K  V.  S. 


iiiniilitiiilo  is  ii  Tnaxiiiiimi)  iihoiit  tlnvc  Iiours  al'tiT  iiooii,  tliu  wliolo  iiiciui  ran^ro 
(olitiiiiK'el  jiiMpliic  iillv)  ln'iiij;  lour  lioiirs  during  tlu'  yi'ar.  In  tlic  numtii.s  o(  Novem- 
ber, Durt'inbiT,  ami  .lanuarv,  tliero  arc  two  ininiinu,  ono  iit  about  C  A.  M.  (wliotiicr 


tliis  roiiivsoiits  till-  i)ii 


pnuiary  or  si'condary  innnini 


uni  cannot  veil  lio  (U'cided  I'k 


tlioso  observations  alone),  and  llie  other  at  about  'J  I*.  M.  Durini;  tiie  reniaininj; 
niontlis  of  (be  year,  there  is  but  one  niiniinuia  durinu'  twenty-four  hours,  wiiieb 
oci'urs  at  I  A.  .M. 

At  about  7}  in  the  nioniinL'.  and  a  little  before  S  in  tlie  alteinoon,  tiie  Icniijera- 
ture  e(|ua!s  tiie  mean  teiiiiieiature  of  the  day,  e.\('e|itiug  the  months  of  Novemlier, 
DeeendHr.  and  January.  The  iireatest  deviations  from  these  boiii's  are  f  li  hours. 
i'"or  the  reiiiainiu>;  three  nioutiis.  tlie  means  are  reaeiied  at  '.'i  in  the  morniufr,  and 
also  betwten  I  and  In  in  tiie  afternoon;  tlie  lattir  ^as  well  as  another  hour  at 
about  I  A.  .M.)  beiuL,'  very  irrei^ular. 

I'or  thrt'e  mouths  of  tiie  year,  the  diurnal  variation  is  cxhibitud  grapliiciiUy. 


ill  \(>\ 


in  -liit^' 


•      in  April 


The  diagram  shows  the  ma.ximum  diurnal  variation  in  the  month  of  A|iiil,  tl 
eundary  minimum  variation  in  tiie  month  of  •luiy,  and  the  diurnal  variation  i 


tiie  month  of  Novemljcr  when  nearest  to  its  absolute  ni 


f  higher  ) 


Ih 


wer   j 


teuiiieratnre  than  the  mean  of  the  day.     Tlie  month  of  Xovemlier  ex 


nil.      +  indicates  a 
X. 


liiljits  considerable  anomalies.      In  .Iiily  the  sun  never  set,  and  in   November  he 


never  rose  aljove 


the  1 


lori/ou 


In  the  followinjj:  diagram,  I   have  exhiljited   the  annual   manli  of  tlie  diurnal 
amniitnde  for  each  niontii. 


I!  i;  CO  111)   AND   niSCUSSION   OK  TT.M  I'lCl!  ATUUI'.S, 


'I'll''  iilisi)!iit('  iiiiiNimum  viilin'  (if  tin'  iuiiplitii'li'  was  (il)>('r\'cil  in  April  i!i''.n;i'i. 
mil  tin-  :ilisiiliil('  minimtiin  in  Novciiiln'r  (I'.DII);  the  iliuiiiiil  Narintioii  lu'vci- ili^- 


tplii'niiri'j  !i 


ItoLrcllicr,  !illhnii-li  liic  sun  rcniMini'il  (or  li:i  nmntlis  liclmv  tlio  I 


mn/dii. 


Cl'ClMK 


liirv 


inMnnuiiii    was   i 


ca/licil  in  .Inly  (•'•".■">"),  foincwliMt  lattT  than  tin' 
middle  nf  tin'  time  the  snn  inadi'  Ids  ciicnit  round  tlio  points  of  tlio  conipass  willi- 
out  si'ttinL'.'  'I'lic  nu'aii  uiniilitudL'  of  the  diurnal  variation  dnrin;;-  tlic  wliolf  year 
is  l°.liii — tilt'  inaxinuini  rising  !".'.•  atinvc,  and  tli<'  inininium  falling  .'l^.li  holow. 
Till'  daily  raugt'  of  the  fllrct  oi'  tlic  tlii'rnial  wavo  iiropagatt'd  northward  during 
the  long  arctic  darkness,  may  be  set  down  to  l^li  on  the  average. 

For  the  imrpose  of  conipariiig  with  siuular  results  at  other  stations,  I  add  a  talile 
of  the  mean  daily  variation  during  the  year.  Kaeh  fignie  is  simply  the  mean  of 
the  tweKi'  values  Corresponding  to  the  same  hour,  and  was  taken  from  the  jireeed- 
ing  talile.  No  attention  was  paid  to  the  small  anomalies  noticed  in  three  winter 
ir.oiitlis,  which  cannot  sensihly  allect  the  nu'ans.  The  secoiul  colnnui  contains  tin- 
mean  values,  anil  the  third  the  sanu'  after  the  i^-cueral  mean  has  hern  siditracted 


from  each  of  them,  and,  cons( 


I  higher  ) 
(  lower     I 


(piently  .--liows  the  mean  variation  proper,  +  imlicat- 


dill 


(IlllereiU'es  ( 


.f  th 


value   than   the   in 


\  anation. 


The   fourth   column   exhiliits  the  hourh 


'!i 


i 


m 


Mk  W    Mm  UN  M,    \'  AltlATIiiN 
.M.'iii                      IMuri.il 

|i>l;    1IM-.  V 

ri.  h..'irlv 

:aii,  I'i;ui\kii 

niuM  ir>  .Ml 

'vrarv  Vai. 

KS. 

Ii- II';- 

M.-.ui 

ninniHl 

ti'iit|i'Tiiliiri' 

vanall.'ii 

.l.ll.r.  iM. 

I.  nil',  ijliir.' 

v.irmti.'ii 

.1:1!.  r. 

1 

-4  .70 

-1    .7'.! 

— 0   .ii'i 

l.i 

—  1.''1I4 

+  1  .s7 

— II-".!!:. 

•2 

-l.il.i 

—  1.74 

—K.I'W 

14 

—  I."l 

+I.1III 

+11.-- 

:i 

-A. <■:■:. 

—  1.71 

— ii.ii: 

1.-. 

— l.-j:i 

-m.i;s 

+n.-JS 

4 

— t.ii; 

— i.r,5 

^H.-J7 

\i\ 

—  l..'i| 

+  1.411 

+11.-.1 

.'. 

~l.l:i 

—  i.M 

— ii.:is 

17 

—  l.MI 

+1.11 

+ii.:n 

l! 

-:i.M 

— I'.MO 

— ii.4.'i 

IS 

-■J.  IS 

+11.7:1 

+11.44 

7 

-:i.:i,i 

—11.4.^1 

—  '>.i;-i 

l!l 

— "J.i;- 

+11.-JI.1 

+  11.4.-. 

s 

—\i.'A 

4-i'-17 

—{<.::' 

Ui* 

-:i.ii7 

—11.  Ill 

+  11.411 

II 

-in 

+  11.74 

— M.;f.! 

•.;i 

— :i.47 

^0..''iti 

+11.4.; 

1" 

—  I.s.'i 

-t-l.Mi; 

— "'.:i7 

'J 'J 

— :i.ii:i 

-  I.li-J 

+ii.:i!i 

II 

— I.H 

+  1.4:1 

ii.;',> 

'j:! 

— 4.:;;i 

—  1.41 

+ii.'J:i 

Ndoii 

-  l.lll 

+  1.M 

~  I'.'iil 

Miilut 

— 4..'i.'i 

-1.1:4 

+11.1.-. 

'    \   llliiri'  nill1|ili'li'  lllllll'r.--lilllilillu'  111'  llli'  llilll'lllll  \;MiiUiiill   (MM  iilllv  III'  llilil  ill  c'liMlnrliiill  willl    llvu'l'O- 
iiM'lrir  iili-i'rnili'iii>. 


I 


•2H 


liKcniiii  A  \  i>  in sci'ssioN  or  ti;m  I' i: I!  ATT K i:.s. 


Acciiiiliniily  llic  iiumii  i"  niiclicd  iit  7''. 7  A.  .M.  iiml  7'-.t')  1'.  M;  tin'  niMviiiiiiiii 
lit  'J  I'.  M.,  Mini  tlio  iiilMiiiimii  lit  I  A.  M.  Till'  iMCMii  I'Miijc  ('i|iiiiU  ■>  MK  ii  i|ii:iii- 
tilv  iicccHMiirilv  Niiiiillcr  tlinii  tlic  iiicnn  iiiii|i|itiiil»'  I'm'  llif  wliuii'  y\w  as  'jivcn  hIhivc 
MiiNiiiiuiii  iiiciiii  liiiiirly  dill'frfiici'  nr  cliiiiii;c  (I  Xi'J,  lictwccii  7'''  iiiiil  .'■'''•  A.  M..  iiinl 
(I  .l"i  lictwcrii  till'  >aiin'  Imiirr'  I'.  M. 

We  now  ii'linii  t(i  llic  la>t  vtiticiil  ciiIiiiiiiim  uI'  llic  L'l'iuial  iMnntliiv  alp^tiiu't", 
timl  cxaiiiiiic  till- 

OImi'iiiI  lliiii-s  I,/  M'tiii  lliilli/  Tnii/'frdhdi  . — 'I'lit'  lipJlcisviiiL:  tal/lc  nuilaiiis  tin' 
Imiii-'  (■!'  tlir  (lay  wlnii  tlif  t(iii|icratiiic'  ciiiials  its  iiii'aii  ilaily  valin',  iiiailc  nut  liir 
cacli  iiiiMitli  dl'  tilt'  M'ar.  Al^in  .hIihwm  tlicir  ililllTi'iici',  nr  tin' "riitical  iiilciN  iil. ' 
Tin  sc  values  an-  dciivKl  dirrrlly  I'lmii  tlic  Ljcncial  ali>liai'l.-i  (if  tilj.si'rvcd  |(iii|ii  ra. 
tllivs.  and,  I'nr  tin'  lir-t  (i\i'  liiniitlis,  arc  iiiraii  valiii's  di'iivcil  iVcilii  twn  f<i'ts  (if 
iilisiTv  at  1(111-*  ill  tin'  lii'sl  and  M'cuiid  \rar-'. 


M   n!li 


Sfi'ivmlxT  . 

(I.  I..I.IT    .  . 

N"VfiuIn'r  . 

Ili.-.llll.lT  . 

.I:illll;iry  .  . 

Ifl.ni.irv 

M.ir.h    ".  . 


.1 


I-.4 
17.1 


II. I 


.    )     riiii'rliilti, 

.     I  in-t-l'.-il'I.v  "lit'  \  rn«'i-rl-'i)i).  oil"'  \ 

.     f  n..;ir  :ii'',  IliK  l  ti^'.-it  l.'ii' .  Ilii'     •  I'J.n 

-.'.<  iil. 4                 US 

s.:,  I'.i.l                lo.ii 


A|>rll    . 

.Iuiii>  . 
.luly  . 
A"tu-i 


M.'aij. 


l.iMir. 


Kvpiiltif  ('iiti..|»l 

li'.iir  Inlfrvnl 


II. '.I 
11.7 
7.11 


;:ii.7  i-J.:i 

:".■:  l:i.:l 

'Jll.-  11.11 

l;i.l  n,.'. 

l:i.»  11,1 


li' 


IJ.ll 


111  till'  I'ollnw  ill;;'  talili',  I  liilM'  I'N  li  i  liitnl  tile  :' liati'."  t  uliMilllIi'  rliall;.'r.s  of  tflll|irra- 
liirc  iilisiTvi'il  liriwei'ii  aiiv  twii  .~iii'i'('.~si \ I'  liiiiiis,  liitwi'i'ii  till'  iri'.;lu'>t  and  lowi'st 
111'  aiis'  dav  nl'  L' I  niiisrculivr  Inniis.  air,   iiioiilli,  ami  I'nr  tlic  wlmle  \rar. 


\\    ■' 

M     1  - 1  > 

I''    \ 

.M     nl     ■) 

M   

II  i.r.i 

l>.l       V 

M    i.'t  '\ 

^•■\>UUi\'tt        .        . 

7  ." 

l.V.lj 

iiu  .;i 

.Illlui      .      .      .      . 

S    .11 

l.'l  .(1 

■^■i  .2 

<».i<.|...r     .     .      . 

k.    H 

•:4.1 

41.11 

.lillv      ,      .      .      . 

s.ii 

14. >l 

-it." 

.Nuvi'iiitn'r 

IH.S 

-.^.11 

42.  H 

•XilKiKl      .     .     . 

I'll 

ai.» 

'JIl.H 

IVumiiIht      .     . 

l;'.4 

;i(i.4 

liii..'. 

r^i.pd  iiili.r     .     . 

111. 11 

1:4." 

IKI.Il 

.hiiitiarv    .     .     . 

H.l 

1:1. s 

(lli.i* 

n.i.ilwr     .     .     . 

11." 

li.'i." 

(11.11 

r.'I.iti..iv        .     . 

l.'.:i 

:i7.s 

.'ill. 4 

.N.ivt-nilii.i 

11.11 

A'Z  (1 

.',4.'.l 

M;.r.  !i        .      .      . 

li..'. 

J4.1 

.'.(1.7 

|i.....iiil.,.r      .     . 

M.7 

41.1 

fi'J.II 

April    .      .      .      . 

In.H 

:ii.l 

.'id. 7 

.I.iilil.irv    .      .      . 

l-.'.i 

:i;..(! 

Sl.ll 

Mav      .      .      .      . 

41;..' 

Mean..!       .     .     . 

11.4 

-'■■' 

4s.ii 

'I'liu  I'nllijwiiii;  values  al'i'  the  ali.-'niiito  liiii.\iiiiuiii  and  iiiiiiiiiia  nli.-^ci'M'd  : — 

Miniiiiiini  ill  winter.  I  s.'i;i_;i|       ....  — ci;^.  I.  iiIimtw'iI  mi  Krlv  iMIi 

Miuiiiiiiiii  ill  Miiiiiiii'i',  lsr)4 +.''<l.i',  "  'Inly  'Jitil 

.Miiiiiiniiii  ill  wiiiliT,  ls."il-,'')."i — C.'i,,'),  "  ,Iaii.  Hlli 

Alisnlulr  miixiiiiiiiii  (lilVcrciii'r,  11"  .1  Knlii' 


Jfidii  Muiillilij  T'  iKjii  nitidis  mill  Aiiniiiil  Viiiiiiliini — III  the  Inllnw  iliir  I'ccHliitula- 
iji'ii  ul'  till'  lui'iiii  iiiniitldy  ti'iiiiii'i'iitiiri'.s,  tlic  values  linvc  liecii  taken  directly  I'i'oiii 
the  general  ali.'^tracts.  The  iiicaiis  I'nr  the  iiiniitlis  of  J-'ehniar_\ ,  Marcli,  and  April, 
of  ISoo,  Iiavo  been  added  by  ineaiih  of  tlio  tiible  given  in  \'ol.  II.  of  the  Niirrativc, 
p.  4125,  correct(?d  from  ten  coiiniarison.s  of  inontliiy  means  betwi'en  — 14°  mid — 34°, 
Ko  as  to  refer  the  iiiiaiitities  to  the  hmwv  sy.stem  of  enriectinii.s  a.s  used  in  the  in'eseiit 


I!  i: < •  ()  u  It  A  N  n  i»  1  s (•  r  s s i(»  N  o  k  t i: m  i- 1:  it  a t u  n  k s 


•J!> 


|in|i('r. 


Tl 


IIS    Cc  '1     '•( 


liciii,  I'litin  ('oii.Mistciit  fK'parntc  viiliics,  Ih  +it".'.i!).     ()ii  iiccoimt 


ot'llii-  occivhioiu*!     iiiicHioii.s  ol"  obxerviitioiw  in  tlio  liourl^y  iiljKtnict,  tlio  daily  niciuiH 


III 


tlif  N 


arn>lr 


If  (licsc  tliict'  nuiiitliH  art'  prulml)!)-  not  nliiililc,  the  I'liiciiiati 


liuH  Im'cii  rouiiil  on  otlii'f  (K'ciisions,  liiiviiig  iiuiil  no  altuiilioii  to  siuli  onii.-oioiiM 


in  taking  his  mean;  tliu  monthly  nu'aiis  niny,  iH'vcrtlii'li'ss,  bi;  lu'iiily  cori'i'ct. 


Mt:\N  .Muviiii.v  Tkmi'Chati  iiKs  at  Van  ItKNssn.Anii  Ih 


18&.1  Kvplruilier 

Ocliiiicr 
.\.i\ciMlpcr 

Pcrlllllicr 

l^.'il  Jiiiiiiii 


ry 

h'llpi'imry 
Miircli 
April . 


(Pi'Krr- 

+  n".i<i 

+    \.(Vi 

— 'j:..  Hi 
— li!i;!l 
— :i2.iir> 
—311.70 
—  7. tut 
+  1:1.1.') 

+  .'!iU2 


'I'l'H  1)1'  l''nliri'iilicil'H  ! 


nil',) 


\<>{  .Iiilv 


.Viitfint 


iIcuiImt 


(Iclnliir 

NhmmiiImt 


He 
l><."l,"l  .Imiiiiii 


Ki'liniii 
Miircli 
April 


iiIkI' 
ry 


II 


lili'  till'  tcniiicriitiirt's  lor  tlio  same  months  in  one  n 


following.'  nu'aii  Icmiiuratiiivs  Cor  I'ai'li  niuntli  of  tlif  yt'ar: — 


ISj3-:)l  Scpiciiilicr 

(Irlnl.ir 
Nuvi'iiilicr 
Iti'i'diiliiT  . 
Isi'i  (-,').■)  .Iiimmry 

I'Vlinmry    . 


+  13.  "45 

—  ;l..')S 

—  Jl  !i.'i 

— ;;i.i2 


— i(;.4:i 


iNr)4- 


.Miinh 
A|.i'il 
l^.'.l   .Miiy 

illlllO 

July 
Aiitfust 


|-:is  .l!i 

+  31, NJ 
+   !t.7l 

—  H.^H 
—J  I.:.  J 

— 3(!.7'.t 
— 27.a3 

— '.'ii.-j-j 

— ;ii.!is 

—  I.i.iil 


can,  we  olilaiii  tli 


-34'.  ss 


—  III,;;.-. 
+  1:1,  C) 
+  ;iii.ld 
+  3s.|(t 

+  ;!!,■<•: 


n^ 


:i 


1  lifsc  values,  when 
thrown  into  a  curve,  in'c- 
scnt  a  (.'icat  reiriilari- 
ty  iliiriiig  the  siinimcr 
months;  not  ••^o.  however, 
iliiriiif.;  thewintiriiioiiths, 
w  hen  the  direct  eil'ecl  of 
till'  Sim  is  very  reehlc,  and 
tlie  winds  prohahly  hc- 
I'oiiie  the  main  sonrcc  of 
the  vurialiilily  of  teinpc- 
To  cxhihit  this 


riitiire. 


diH'eronce    in    the    varia- 
tion of  the  summer  ami 


winter     teiiqieraturc! 


1 


have  i^raphically  i)rescnt- 
c'd  the  hall'  inondily 
means,  when  the  steadi- 
ness of  the  summer  curve 
beeomes  very  striking. 


30 


HKCOl!  D   AND    P  I  S  (T  S  S  I  0  X   OK   T  K  M  P  K  1!  A  T  I   1!KS. 


Tt  must  1)0  consiiK'icd  a  roitmiiitc 


iinstMiu'c  tliMt   till'  ()lisiM'v:itiiilis  cxtrnil 


iiviT  ^'V)  wintors.  ami  lluis  jrivo  us  a  ukuv  I'xact  lucau  tciupi'ratMii'  Inr  that  scasou. 
'I'lit'  uaniK'st  uiontli  is  .iuly.  auil  tlio  coldest  is  Marcli  ;  tlic  ti'Mi|iciatuiv  nf 
IVci'uilii'i',  litiwcvcr.  (Kh's  uiit  (lill'cr  niucli  I'roui  it,  anil  nii'i'iniicr  artually  was  tin' 
(■(iliicst  iiinntli  in  till'  seonnil  wiutiT.  'I'lii'  liiiilii'st  in"an  nidullilv  ti'UiiH'i'atnn^  sitmis 
to  I'all  almost  I'Xai'tly  to  tlii'  uiiililK'  ul'  ■Iuly,  anil  the  lowrst  woiilil  [U'lilialily  oci'in' 
ill  Fil Hilary,  il"  wc  hail  a  louiri'i'  sorii's  ol'  ohstTvations  fxtrinlinir  over  several 
winters.  From  the  oliservations  on  liaiul,  we  (iinl  the  Deeeuiher  teiii|ieratiiri'  only 
o  i"^  higher  than  tin-  Mareh  touiiiorature.  Tlu'  ranire  ol'  the  mean  teiii|)eraliire  I'.ir 
tile  warmest  and  coldest  mouth  is  T^l'^.l'T.  The  teuiperatiiies  for  the  meteoroloL'ieal 
seasons — I)v'i'eiiiher,  .lauuary,  and  Fehnuny  heiuL:  reLrarded  as  winter — heeonie  as 
follows:— 


Winter 
Spriiii; 
Siiiiiiiii'i' 

AlltlllM  I 


—  lii.rp',1    !  Mriiii  lciii|irr;iiur.' r.ir  ilif 
-f:;:!.,'!s    |     win.],' yi'ur, — -J  .ii;. 

—  i.ii:!    i 


I'lie  mean  annual  temperature  is  reiielied  in  the  luiddli'  of  spriiijx  (Apiin.  and 
again  in  the  middle  of  autumn  ^Oetoher).  'I'lie  diileieiiee  in  the  winter  and  sum- 
mer temiieratiire  is  lU  .'.''. 

The  seasons  of  the  sei'olid  year  eomjiare  with  the  eorresiiondiiiL'  ones  of  the  rii>t 
as  lollows: — 


AuMiiiin  in  llic  so'ciihI  w;ir  luliicr  liy     . 
WihliT  "  •■         waniirr  liy 

I-'ir-t  Iwii  iii"Iii1h  111'  y|iriiiL'  cnlilfr  l.y   . 


.      I.ii:l 


'l"he  lowest  mean  monthly  temiierature  of  the  llist  winter  (.Manli.  — ^Ifi'.T'.M 
was  preeisely  the  same  as  that  of  tiie  second  winter  (Deeeuiher,  — ."(i  .7'.').  Iioth 
months  falliiiL'  in  the  year  T^-jl. 


For  the  liiiriiose  of  continuing  the  discussion  of  the  atmov]ih|.iii'  temperatures, 
it  hecoines  necessary  to  exiiress  the  annual  variation  anal_\  ticaliy.  On  account  of 
tiie  great  range  of  this  variation,  I  lia\e  first  a[)piied  a  small  correction  to  the  [ire- 
ceiling  monthly  means,  in  order  to  refer  them  to  the  middle  of  months  of  a\erage 
length  of  .'id'-.  I  in  coininon.  and  .'Id'-.")  in  leap  sears.  Thus,  the  mean  temiieraturo 
ot  .lamiary,  IS-JI,  lefer.s  to  (noon)  lo'i-.a,  when  il  ought  to  refer  to  lo'-.L';  dilVer- 
ence,  d'-..'!.  The  lifteentli  \ni\t  of  the  dilVeroiice  of  the  .laiiuary  iialf  monthly  me  in.s 
is  — l°.|ll;  hence  the  correction  -fll''.lll.  For  convenience  of  reference,  the  iniiii 
her  of  days  for  wiiich  a  correction  is  to  he  apidied  to  refer  the  means  of  the  true  t  > 
an  average  month  are  here  inserted,  ('onimeiicing  with  January,  these  nnmlie.s 
liir  the  several  months  in  their  proper  order  heconie — 

— iH  ..'!      I  Hi;        I  l..'i      -(  l-'i      +1)       -M  ■'!      4  I  'i       I  a.T       4  II  i;      •)  ii.'i       I  II  I        |ii'.:i 
— 11.2        I  a.-_'      .)  ii.s      4  ii.s      -i.d.M      -I  ii.s      -j-iiM      ^  II.-2      41I.-J      4-11. -J       I  (I  J       I  I  2 

Tiio  first  lino  is  liir  a  common  year,  the  second   for  a  leap  year.     The  maximum 
correction  ajiplieilwaM  +l°..';t  (to  the  mean  of  March).     To  the  following  iiioutl  ly 


ItKCOItl)   AND    DISCUSSION   OV  T  K  V.  I' i;  It  AT  L' 1!  K  S. 


:m 


iiu'ans,  rd'cniiiL'  to  mmitlis  of  an  iivcriiiie  1ciil:I1i,  I  liiivo  mkloil   tln'  iii'uIjiiIjIo  uii 


\ 


cci'taint  V  oliliiiiK'il  hv  i-omiiarisoii  with  the  dai 


iil\-  iiR'aiif^ 


.1: 


Miiiirv 


2il,,-..!        4   1.1 


.III 


+  :;sMs    :i-(i'' 


•■'I'lii'iiiiry 
.Minvli  '     . 
April 
M.iy 

AiiMiiul  iMcnii  ri'Miii  1:.'  avrniiri'  iinpiillis 


+  :;i. 


±o..\ 


—:;:;. .11 

i  !.:; 

S,|, 

rinln'i 

—    '.1.  IS 

1. 1,-2 

(),1 

.Ikt 

+  11. 7S 

:    1   J 

N..V 

iMiilpcr 

+  :iii,7i; 

i  (l.'l 

D.'. 

■iiiKi'i- 

—  I.-!.!.';  i  il.i; 

—  I.l:;  ;i  I.I 

—  lM.'.Ii;  :1  II. '.I 

— :ii,iiii  !  II. '.I 
-J  -Jo  I  II.:! 


l'"or  till'  |)\ir[io.-c  111'  iiitcr[iolatioii,  ami  lor  tin'  rciuTsriitatioii  oi'  tlio  annual  varia- 
tion, a  I'unrtion  involvinn'  trrni.s  ol'  the  sine  or  co.'^ino  ol'  nnilti[ilf.-;  of  an  aniilc  i.s 
n.-ually  ailoploil.  In  tin'  [m'l^t'nt  ca.-^o,  1  jni'l'ir  ii  I'oini  of  iii.si.ni.<^iun  wliii'li  niakus 
till'  law  of  tlio  tlianLTi'  of  tlu'  niontlil_\  tcminiatniv.-i  analogons  (o  that  of  a  iallini; 
boily.  Tlii.s  nietliod  wa.s  ailoptid  liy  Mr.  .1.  AViossncr,  anil  aii[ilii'(l  to  the  iliscn.s- 
^iion  of  till!  Washington  (ih.sfrvations.  (>St'i'  [i.  '.V2'l  of  iho  Annual  l!r[)ort  of  tho 
lifgont.s  ot'thc  Sniith.-ionian  l:;.stitntion  for  iS'iT.)  The  annual  variation  may  thus 
bi'  ri'{iro.-iL'nti'il  hy  a  [laraliolii'  wasr.  Tho  dinrnal  variation  has  [ucviou.^ly  boon 
reprosontcil  iiy  otiici's  by  iKiraboiir  arc--.  Whatever  form  of  r\[ires.-ion  we  may 
ailopt,  the  winter  curve  is  so  irrcLinlar,  owing  to  tlie  short  ninulier  of  oli.-ervations, 
that  no  continuous  law  can  be  dednceil;  tiie  (eniiieratni'  s  during  this  season  will, 
tln'relbre,  be  treate'l  si'iparatcly.  If  the  oliservations  were  continurd  for  several 
years,  it  is  [iroiialile  that  the  lowi'st  temperature  would  tall  in  February,  near  the 
time  of  sunrise;  as  it  is,  we  have  a  slight  increase  of  temperature  during  .lanuary 
and  February. 

A  uniliirTnly  retarded  motion  is  represented  by  .■<■■=  el —  ^  ;/>',  ;ind  the  condition 
for  the  turning  jioint  is  o  = '■  — ;//,  corres[)onding  to  the  middle  of  .Inlv.  or  tiie  third 
month,  connnencing  with  tho  niiddle  of  April  a.s  zero.  For  /  =  .'1.  c  =  .'!;/,  and, 
putting  tiir  convenience  ;/  =  'J,  we  Inid  <■  =  (i ;  hence,  if/  =  nmulier  of  months  after 
the  middle  of  A[iril,  the  arguments  for  the  several  months  beci.iiu' — 


f^i 


the  temperature  m 
hers  successivelv  in 


April 


H'lng  the  sa!ne 


as  in  .lune,  etc.     Substituting  the.se  nnr 


the  formula  s  =  {\/  —  l'\  we  lind  the  values  (/,')  (I.  -'i.  S.  '.I,  S 

ich  month  furnishes  an  eniiation 


liir  the  months  of  A[iril,  .May,  .lune  — V, 

of  the  form   /'=  /,„  +  A'y,  w  heiv  /„,  =  the  mean  teni|ierature  and  /i  a  factor  depend- 
ing on  the  am[ilitude  ol'  tlu'  annual  variation.     /„,  and  /',  when  found   for  .spring. 


summer,  and  autumn,  ;uo  found  to  \arv,  and  beuce  an   interpolation  is  mai 


ide   I'c 


eac 


h  month.     We  have  ne\t  to  inlrodin 


I  second  term  to  allow  for  a  shiftinu  of 


tiie  epoch.      Let  .'•  be  the  i[uantity  addition  to   the  arguments  0    1    li   ;)   12,  etc.,  I'ur 
the  change  in  the  eiiocli,  rail  e.\pres.<ed  in  [larts  of  a  month,  we  have  for — 


(I  -t- ., 
I  +r 


i  =  i;  (11  +  ,,  )_(ii  +  .,)' 

(•,(1  -f  .-■)  — (I  +.r)' 

i;  {■:  +  .!)  — {•!  +  .,)■,  He 


omitting  terms  containing  the  second  power  of 


or  .V  =  II  -[-  111- 
a  +  I  r 
S  +  -J.r,  i.tc. 

Putting /I.l' =  y,  we  olil.iin,  in 


ace  of  the  (irst  oNi 


pression  for  tho  temperature — 

r=/,„  +  III,  f  (.)., 


V.ii 


ii,  r 


32 


r.  V.  c  0  w  n  a  n  i>  n  i  s  c  u  s  s  i  o  \  o  v  t  e  m  r  i:  r,  a  t  r  r.  i:  s . 


For  tlic  (liiy  or  .-iiimiu'r  jHTidil  \vc  tliiis  obtain  tlic  O(|iiiitioiis  : — 

y\.iy  +U    .;-<  =  '„, +i>/>  ■;■  I  vl  ^VlllMll■l.'  /,„  =  — ir,=,7:!.  ;i  =  ri.HH,  and  ,/  -- 

.Iiiiic  -f  ;;ii.';i;    =  /,„  +  sy  +  ^'7  |       4-ii.l-.'iis  result iiitrlViMn  ilieniiriniil  f(|uiili(iiis. 

,lnly  4-;i-<,ls    :.•=/,„-)- ;i /,  '-  V=  — l.'i'-.T:!  +  .').',ils  A' +  (i.  I;;  (,i  l:  11  .7 

AuL'iHt  -|-:il..Ml    =/,„  +  ></,  — -J./ 

Srph'llllicr   -)-l:).l.'i     .=  ^„-f  ,'iyi — 4,/ 

For  the  s[iriii,ir  nioiitlis: — 


.  1  •<  I   I  ^:;'J  A' 


Miuvli        _;!;r.:.|  =/,„_■./,  +  1./) 
A|iril  —  '.MX    =  ',„  +  (■,./      •/■  =  . 

Mmv  +lt.:s    =/„,  +  ,-,/, -f  1,,  > 

For  till'  luitiiiun  iii<ii',tli.'<: — 

s.|ii,'iiiinr  -f-i;;  .i.'i  =  /„,  -f  :iy,_  1 7  J 

Oi'ini«T      —  I  l:i   =/,„  — i;.y     v  =  — i.'.tl  4  :!..'ilii  A'  — III:;  V 

N.ivcnilitT  — -JI.'.h;    = /, ,  —  'ly,  _|,yV 

Tliu  iiliove  i)  ViiliiL's  liir  /„,.  /i.  iiiid  y  aro  rciiri'si'iiti'd  li\'  the  loniiul:!': — 

^,.  =  — iri.7:i    +  (I.7I/I    4-  ti.'.M'iii*        \  Wliirc  II  =  iiiiinlicr  nf  imiiiiiIi>  fniiri  the  iiiiil- 
/,    =  +   a.'.U^  — (i,-JJ()/i  — (MiM-'ii'  illc  111' .Inly.       Imip  .Miiivli  ;(=_^>;  f(jr 

./    =  +    11.1:;    — ii.nl,,    — ddi'i'd'      )       Nov.  +■_'. 

Tlio    loUowing   table   contains   tiicir   coniiuittd    \alii('s   for  cai'ii   iiioiilh    (ninicr 
ilisL'iission). 


M  . 

,!, 

Im 

;' 

7 

' 

l.i,il...ri.lui... 

M.ir.li 

-l:l  .:il 

4.i'«:: 

|..(l.7.'.M) 

+  ..,,„; 

If  «.■  iM'w  »'niii|'.^ri'  111.'  .Mill. 

|i_    J(i 

Aj.nl 

—  i*.!*- 

4.»:i2 

(— ii.7.'.i') 

I'llt.-i!  ;in4  ol.^.-i vcl   I..Tn|..T;i- 

-■1.14 

.\l:iV 

—  |:i.:il 

.^..^*.i 

+imm; 

tilrrrt  f.ir  «M.-li  inoiitli.  w..  v.-t 

ti.^^ii 

.hiiiu 

—  l.'..H 

.'..'.' U 

t  T 

+11.11 

1  titiil   A  loti-t.-int   t-iiirt-.tixn  tii 

— 1..;7 

Ji.h- 

— iri.7:i 

.'..:■!< 

:!■  3 

+11.12 

!  /...  iif +Ji'.14.     Ai'iilyini!  it  to 

+  (i..M 

.\njn-t 

—  14."i; 

.',..',"4 

+ii.ii'.t 

1  tliu  t.il-ul.-ir<|ii;iiititii'...,tlH'  for- 

+  i.i;.i 

S,-|,ti.lii 

n-r 

— li'.47 

4.7111 

(-i.i;iii 

+I1.11-J 

1  imilii'  r»'itrc.-.'tit   tlit-  ul.ritTVii- 

+11.1.1; 

(l,'tnl>..r 

-  A.A 

:i..'il" 

(-i.i'.'i) 

—11.11 

tiuli:*  ix.s  f.'IluWrf  ;  — 

.\,iv,.|ul 

f>r 

-1(1.47 

■J.:i|:i 

+1111J 

+11.114 

r..r].-,t 

ti.  t. 

tiul;ir  t 

.= 

+  i'.M 

Tbcso  (iill'croiu'c.'i  iK'twctn  tbe  observed  ami  coiiiputed  valiie.s  are  very  nearly 
\vitliiii  the  probable  uncertainty  ns  L'iveii  in  a  [)recedin^  table. 

For  the  winter  season,  the  inii.'<t  .'^ini|ili'  interpolation  .seems  to  be  the  best  that 
can  lie  adiiptcd.  We  find  liir  Derrniber  1st  the  tcinperatiiiv  — li(i°.."p,  the  mean  of 
the  tcm[)i  ratiiri'S  I'ur  Nu\einber  I'lth  and  Dcceiidicr  l"ith,  and  I'or  .March  1st,  in 
like  manner;  the  mean  temiieratiiie — -'HP. (I.  The  IbllowiiiL' table'  wa.s  used  I'or 
interpiil.ition  ; — 

.M«iii  tciii|n'nitiirc  Ki'i'.  1-t  .         .         .         ,         .     — 2(1'-'. ."1 

.Inn.  I.'iili         ....     — L>s.:;  ,i  =  17 

.Muivli  1st       ...        .    _:;ii  II  i.s 


'  l''iir  till'  |iiirini~i'  rif  11  ri'iiily  i'iiin|iiifi-iiM  nml  iiiilfiirinlty  iif  iMrthml,  tin'  rullinviii^r  cxiiri's^iou  nf  tin' 
uiiiniiil  viirialiiMi  urilii'  tiiii|iiTiitiire  nt  Van  IliiissclaiT  ll.iflinr  I.s  Ihtc  iii^iTtcil ;  il  i-uiii|inns  ilirci'tly  willi 
..iiiiiliii' l'.\|l^e.s^iull.'•  fur  iillii'i'  sitatiiiiis  ^'ln'ii  liy  Kami/,  ami  iiisirU'iliii  the  uitick' 'Sir  Jnhu  lli'i'silii'l'ti) 


i     I  I 


KKCnlll)   AND    DIScrsSKtN   OF   T  K  M  r  K  I!  A  T  U  11  K  S. 


:i3 


Tnlhi 


(if  Wiiiils  on  T(iii/i>  ni/iirr. — To  nsccrtiiiu  tlio  tciniirnitiu'c  of  tlie  winds, 


the  t'dllowiiig  iiu'tlii)(l  was  uinployi'il.      liy  ini'iins  of  tlio  prjci'iling  rormulit,  cxpi 
iii;^  tlio  toiiiiK'riitiirc,  ii  set  (if  tallies  was  IuimkmI — inutly  liy  ilircet  cuinijuttition, 
partly  Iiy  interpolation  between  these  eoni[iu 
peratuiv  thrmiirhout  the  year,  ami  thi 


hours  of  the  diiv  wlien  the  n 


teil  values — of  the  daily  mean  teni- 
was  st't  down  op[iosito  the  respective 


lean  temnera 


itnre  is  reached.     Ni'Xt, 


liy  means  of  the 


known  dinrnnl  variation,  interpolated  from  its  mean  monthly  value,  for  earli  day, 


th 


tallies  were  enuipleird  liy  inserting  the  tenijierature  for  ever\' h(Mn'  of  the  day 


to  the  nearest  w 


Idle   ili'L^rce. 


'1' 


ley  were   then  eoini 


tared,  hoiu'  for  hour,  witli  the 


abstract  of 


erved    tenipcraiin'e,  and  the  di 


iVrrrn 


f   +  fe 


:) 


ilaeed 


111  the 


cohiiiin  lor  the  re.<prrti\e  wind  as  ohserv*'d  at  the 


(  —  for  defect  ) 
aiiie  hour.     For  this  latter  piir- 


po.-e,   an   hourly  a 

contains  eii;ht  eolnuins  fur  each  of  tin 


for 


calms. 


liv  tl 


istract  of  the  wind  was   prepared.     The  ahst?act   of  dill'ereiiee 
iriiici|ial   directions,  and   an   additional  on 


lis   proci 


ss,  the   elVccl    of   ll 


le  annua 


1  and  diurnal  variation  is  at 


once  eliminated,  and  the  ri'iiiainiiiLr  dilli 


an  sat'elv  be  left  to  the 


ir  own  com- 


pensation. Till'  results  liir  the  niontlis  I'rem  .'September  to  .laniiary  (^both  inclu- 
sive, liave  been  combined  for  the  two  \ears.  The  fjUowiiij:-  table  exhibits  the 
results  ot'  this  somewhat  lenuthy  ju'ocess.     'i"he  first  column  contains  the  inaL'nelio 


directions  nf  the  wind. 


a  line  for  the  calms 


id.  th 


e  sum  ol  tlic 


dilVereiices  as  exiilaiiied  above;  the  third,  tic  number  of  times  the  wind  blew  I'mm 
each  iif  the  ei^iht  directions  duriiiLT  the  seventeen  iiiunths  of  re,:;istered  hourly  tein- 
peratiires  and  winds;  the  sum  total,  or  i!/(,  ei[iials  1  lo.'i  1,  and  the  number  in'  which 
il  falls  short  of  lliJi",  I,  indicates  the  niini 
the  la-t  fii^iire  in   the  column   i;i\e,' 


bcr  of  hours  observations  wen;  wantiiiii'; 


ll 


le   iinniber  of  Imurs  duriiiL;'  which 


the  atmo- 


sphere was  calm.     The  fm;    ji  c,ilumn  slinws  the  \alues  of ~     .  or  the  cpiantitv  by 

^v!lich  each  wind  aiVecled  the  teirperature.  the  si'jn  4-  correspiiiidiii;r  to  an  ell'ect  of 
r,ii>iiiL''  the  tem|ier,itiire  abii\e  itv  mean. 


n  I 


* 


i 


'■  Mili'or..lii:ry,"  \'..l    \l\'    sili  ulitinu  el'  lln'  Hihifh'ji.tilm  Itrihinnirn.      Tlii'  v:iliic  o  —  ll  i-iirri-|ieiiils 
t<i  .liiiiinii'v  I -I  mill  7'  i<  i'\|in's>c'il  in  ili'irnvs  of  Kiiliri'iihrir-;  -rali'. 

'/■=— -J    -Jii  -f:;:.  .:!'.! .-//.  (■■  +-J.M  '  i:;')  +i;  .;■.'  m«  c- ■■  +''■'■''  17')  +:;  .-Ja  .-om;!-  +it'  ."i'). 

Till'    r.il'imilil    li'lui'S    till'    rullewilii.'    (lilVrrilll-l'S    (II,  —  ('.)    lll'IWl'i'll    till'    ulisi'I'Vlll    mill    rnlllpllli'll     lll.illlllly 

means: — 


III  .I.'inii.iry 
I''t'ltrii.ary 
Mi.r.h    . 
April      . 
M.iy 
•Inn.' 


— ie.2 

In  .inly   . 

4.:i.-l 

An^Mlst 

— 1.:' 

S.'|.l.'iiil'ur 

+■:.- 

(Vlol'.r 

+".:! 

NoVi'llll'tT 

•    '_'.  .'i 

n.'.'.'iui'iT 

.  4-r.j 

.  +1..', 

.  —lA 

.  +1.4 

.  +l,:l 

.  -  1.11 


.\iiil  u  priilialili'  (.'I'l-or  .if  niiy  -iiii;l('  ili'tcrinlnnli'Mi  nf  .1  1  H.  Tin.'  wMiiiirsl  ihiy  is  iiii'i)riliiii.'ly  .Inly  sili, 
anil  tin'  nilili'st  Maivli  1st.  'I'lii'  niiaii  li'iiiiH'nitiii'i'  ul'  tin'  year  is  allainnl  April  ■J'.Mli  anil  Oi'tnlici'  1  Jth. 
Till'  iiican  iliiinial  varialiiiii  I'm'  llii'  ttlmU'  year,  as  ilerivi'il  IViiiii  its  iiiunllily  valiiis,  is  ri'|ii'i'si'iili'il  liy  iln- 
fiiriniilii — 

/=  4-|o.So  fi»  (0  -f-iil"  oi'i')  -f-n^.OS  fill  (2  0  +07")  +0°.03  Mn  (.3  o  +1l's-), 
M  iili  a  pnilialilc  error  for  any  siiiRk'  hour  of  ±  n°.n:i,  the  niiRle  0  counting  from  niioii. 
5 


il 


•M 


i;i:((ii;!>  a  n  i>  imsctssidn  oi'  t  i:  m  n:  i;  a 'it  i; 


N,  +      ."1 

N.i:.      +  ]■> 
I-;.         +  iijH 


.  Iv  -f  : 


+  -..1' 


l,".'.l 


I  r  I 


MM 


+  1.1 


-I  ■-'.  I 


s.  w. 


H-     .-.I.;! 


-I  -J  .'.1 
-1   IC, 


'I'lii'se'  results  ail'  iirci'.-siuil  V  iiii[«  I  lict.  on  nci'ouiit  (if  the  iiiiiMissiI)ilil\-  (pfdlilaiii- 
iiiir  a  ciii'ici't  iiumu  ti'iii|iiTaturc  I'l'inii  so  slicirt  a  si'iics  ol'  oliscrvations.  vi't  llicir 
ratio  may  111'  tlrprn(K''l  ui"iii.  \\v  iiiilicr  tlial  allwiiiiN  IcihI  tn  cli'vatc  tlir  Iciii- 
1  rra'.uif.  anil  the  I'aluis  to  1'i\m  r  tlir  saini'.  Tin'  lVi'(|Uriir_v  of  (lir  raliii-  i>  Lrrraler 
than  that  ct'  all   tlr    wiinN  ruinliiiii  il.      'I'ln'  ilill'rrriin'   in   llir   triniieralin'r  nl'  tin' 


ariinst   anil   'nlili -t   wiii.l   is 


N.  !•; 


il   \V.   ( inaui.rtii'l  winils  simw  ii 


ni''aii  \ahic 


!•; 


S.  \V.  winils   aro   iVuni   ii  .ii   to    1   .1   aluivr,  ami  N. 


N.  \\ .  wiiiiN    1 '.  I    I'rlnw,  this  nuan   t'lniM  ralure.     'I'lio   rrL^iuii   iiH'lmlril   )",■   ti 


(liri'C'tKin- 


!■; 


W, 


I  inajiirlic),  1 


1" 
ir  N.  N.  K.  ami    K.  S.  E.  (tnii),'  liciii-  tie 


i|Uaitrr  nl  till'  warni'V  wimls.  ami  tlie  spare  iietweeu 


w.  s.  w 


S.  W.  II 


(inii') 


tiiit  if  the  loliji-r  wimls.      It  nin-t  l>e  nanaiiseil   that,  sinee  a  true   nnrlli  winil  tlie 


lon-i  r   it 


iiii\\~  a--iiiiH's  a    iiiiire  ami   mure  easlerU'  ilii'ei 


>-|in||,  the    true    ilirerti 


lietwicu  -N.  N.  Ii.  ami  K.  imint  tuaiiinri'  iiorllierly  oriuiii  ul' the  wimi  tliaii  actually 
imlii-ated.- 

(If  the   rise  (,!'  temperature  iliiriiiL'  eertaiii  jrales,   the  (•xiilanatnrv  liint-nntes  in 
the   leiiiperatnre  ahstract  may  he   relerreil   to;   the   more   rem.irkalile  easi's  are  the 

li'llowiuLj'  ones :  — 


(i^lr  of    NoOllll.. 


Moiiiil.ir    In. 

I'li'i'llllnr     J-, 


frmn  llii'  S    i:.    in  littlr  slnnv  fiilllllv',1 
S    v.     t  ii'il  sinmiiiu'). 


S,  I-;    iiii.l  S.  \V    (I 


I'Vbi 


l-.i|. 


NuviiiiImi-  -Jii,      ■■ 

llirillllMr     is,       ■• 
.lillilllllT        J'.l.    Is.'i.' 

Kil.nuiiv  I.UI  I,  ]■ 


S    K 


s  !•: 


The  reailer  may  al.-u  l:e   refeireil   to  pp 


',0.  .i'.i.     II. 


the   1^(1    \i,|.   oi 


the  Narrativi 


A^; 


</    (;/    Slin/r 


[and    /,''lii,)    iin    llii     T' 


■<lllli' 


^ve  eomliine   ni   like   maimer 


the  ilill'er.'nees  ol'  oli^el'Veil  ami  mean  tempeiatiire  ol'  all  hours  iliiriiii;  which  midw 
I'ell.  we  linil  a  ,L'i-eat  regularity  in  the  monthly  \alnes  e\pressiii;_'  the  ele\atioii  of 
temperature  iliirimr  the  hmir.s  of  the  fall  of  snow,  ilne  to  the  eoii\ei-,~ioii  ol'  latent 
iiilo  seiisilile  heat.      The  I'lillowin-  lalile   exhihils  ill  the   lir.M    eolmnii  the  al-ehraie 


II V  1 1 


I'  iiiv  il:-i'n-~i"ii 


■f  Pr.  Kiiiic-'s  inii(.'iii'lii"il  eliM^i-nuicns  in  \«\.  \    el'  lln'  SiMilliM.i,i;iii  ('.iiilrilm- 
liuii-  111  Kiimw'i  iIlt.  1~-.'p«.      Till'  iniiL'iM'tl  •  il.cliiiiiliiin  U  U<n\\i\  Ins-  \m -i 

'  Till'  lii'.iriii'j-  el'  i!ii-   iiiMMiirulieii  mi  iiii  eiiiii  (iiiirliiilly  mi)  |iiil;ir  sin,  ciiii  imly  li"  I'lillv  iiiinli'  mil 
iil'ii  r  (III leiniiliiiii  nl'  u  liv,irniiiielrii'  iiiiil  liiinniii'li-ii'  wliiil-iMi-il.     The  iliiri'limi   el'  lln'  Hiinin'r  nimls 


I-  llii'  S|iii/I»'ri.'i'ii  Si'ii,  laiil  till'  nhitivi.-  r..!i|i 


piiiMl-  luwaiil-  llii'  S| 

iiiM.-l  iiiirl  el'  tuuliiiiJUul  Aiiici' 


r  »  iiiiU  I'niin.'  Ill  11 


iliniiiiiii  trmu  tl'i'  iiDiiln 


i;i:('()i;i)  AND  n  I  sc  f  ssioN  o  r  ti:  m  n;  i;  a  t  f  u  i:s,  ;):, 

Slim  111"  tlic  ;ilinvo  (lllliTi'iirps  for  llic  Iiiiui's  ilmiiii  which  snow  IM!.  thi-  scfoiiil 
ciiluiiiii  thr  uuiulicr  (if  hniirs.  Mini  tlic  lust  niliiimi  the  risi'  n|'  tciiiin'ratiii'c  aliuvc 
till'  iiifiiii.  Ill  IT  111' lilt  ii-.  it  Mil  I  Weil  dm  iii'j'  Ch-^O  liiiiir>.  uiiil  laiiiol  limine  lili  Imiirs. 
This  siiml!  (|iiantily  III'  rain  fell  in  tlu'  iimuth  nr.luly;  siinw  alsn  I'll  iliiriiii;  ID 
lumrs  ill  this  iwaniirst)  iinmtli. 


>i 

:■ 

:a 

.. 

-  .lauiiriry      ... 

U  1...1 

71 

_ 

U..  ...            .liilv        . 

.    .      ~\-    r.i. 

7.1 

+  ('  .7 

I-".'l.rii;irv    ... 

-  'J.'.'. 

1.; 

- 

-!.■..;           Aii.ii-i  . 

--     .•■! 

.    .      --  ir. 

j'l 

M:.r.l. 

-   I::.. 

11 

- 

-  ;.  :;          1  S.-|.t.  iii1"-i' 

111 

--  :;.- 

April      .      .      .      .        - 
.M;iv 

-  17.: 

-  .-. ;  1 

::i 

1  ;.; 

- 

.  -.1       ■.;  (1,  i,,i...i 
\-  1...       ■.;  N..v,.,i..T 

.    .      -  -  .;:::'. 

*"' 

--  ';; 

.1.11...      .... 

-     1- 

■'■'• 

- 

■     1.1               -J    1 ...I.M 

.  .    4-  ^1'' 

" 

+1....; 

On  ill.'  a\iTaic.  liiiiiirj'  th.'  wiidl.' yi'ar.  thr  scii^ilil.'  lira!  was  iiicrcasiil  (liiriii;;' 
till'  fall  i.r  siHiw  l.y  7  .7. 

'I'lii'  liravin.i.'  of  this  smirrr  i.l'  i'ham:i'  of  th.'  ti'iiiin'raturr  mi  the  altiTiiati..n  nf 
rrlati\i'  ml. I  anil  warm  [H'rinil-  dmiinr  tli.-  wiiitrr  s.'as.iii.  will  i.ir  t'lirthcr  illti^tralcil 
in  thr  rnlliiw  in^'  anal\-rs  cif  tli.'M'  ninlnlati.ins. 

Iliiiin-i  lii-i  1/ M'l.i-iiiiii  cj  I  ''.III  (Iki-'ui'I  HV,(/. /•.— All  ahi'i'iiatr  xariatioii  rrmii  coiii- 
parativi'lv  wariiirr  tn  ciMrr  ('.xtrnn.'s,  taking:'  wrcks  In  |n'rl'.iriu  tlirir  cyrlr.s.  has 
Ijrii.r.'  l.v.'ii  iiDti.'i  .1  in  til.'  airlii'  I'r.Lii.iiis  1)1"  AiiK'rira.  Tlii's..'  returns  nrina.xima  i.l' 
coll!,  tlu'ir  causes,  ii.ii.uls,  and  ami.litu.les.  imw  deseiA.'  our  partieular  uttention. 
Dr.  Kane,  iVnlii  varimis  notes  in  his  l.ii^-li.iok,  seems  to  he  inelined  to  consider  the 
liha>es  of  the  moon  as  inliniaifly  eoniieeteil  with  the  snlijeet  ;  on  paj.'  o-j,  \'iil.  II. 
of  the  .Narrative,  hi'  r.'inarks:  ••'I'lnr.' is  a  se.'iiiiiiL;' eonnectioii  li.'twei'n  the  increas- 
ini;  cold  and  the  iiu'r.a.-ini:'  iiio.inli^iht.  "  I'lhler  date  \ov.  'J'^lh.  I>il,  he  ent.'ied 
the  I'.ill.iwiiiL;  remark  in  the  l...;-:  ••The  in.i.iii  lii.-t  aiipiareil  ahove  ih.'  hills  to  ,<. 
and  .->.  v..  'Jill' il.  |iie->i. in  oflln'  t>'m|i.riUur.'.  and  the  ',:in.'ral  Iranspaieiiey  i.f  the 
atino-i.heii',  is  a::.iin  iioleil  as  mat. rial  l'.>r  di-eii-.-i.in."  I).'.'.  I-!.  I>'.|.  h.'.^.ivs: 
"  Willi  the  c.'s-atioii  of  u  iii.l,  the  ah.-eiiee  of  cii  li.  and  ill.'  iiieieaM'il  liri:;lil iiess  i.f 
the  iiioon,  the  atmo-[.li.'re  '.:ro\\s  seiisihly  cililcr.  •■  This   iniiiiediate  inllii- 

eiice  of  the  liiii..n  is  a  liiall.r  of  frci|Uelil  ohservatioll.  The  full  lllooii  sea-. .11.  w  itil 
cloudless  nights  is  always  in  corres|ioiiileiiee  with  the  lowe>t  mean  temperatures  of 
our  meteoi'oloLiical  record."  The  following;'  ili.s.'ns.-.i.m  lia.s  heeli  made  in  a.e.irdaiice 
Nvilli  these  noti'S. 

'I'o  eliminate  as  much  as  possilile  distiirhini;  inlluences.  particularly  those  |iro- 
iliiced  hy  the  winds  and  preci[iitalions,  the  averap'  of  the  liieaii  daily  tem|H'iature 
of  a  nniiihi'r  of  coiis.'i'utivi'  da\  s  has  heeii  taken,  and  it  was  f.mn.l,  after  trials 
with  .1,  0,  I'l.  and  7  il.i_\s,  llial  the  [leriod  ol'  (i  days  answered  he.-l,  that  is.  hrouiiiit 
out  in  the  plaiiie-t  manner,  the  niiirch  of  the  temperature  iliiriii'.:' the  winter  sea-i.)ii, 
the  geiicr.d   fatures  of  the  cur\es  heiiiL;   the  same   f.ir  any  of  the  ali.i\-e  jii'iioiN, 

The  epoch  of  the  (1  day  [leri.i.l  was  s.i  seleete.l  th.it  the  hii;licst  and  lowest  t.'in- 
poraturcs  .shoiiM,  a-  near  as  may  he,  fall  towards  the  mid. He  of  a  peri.i.l,  Thi'>e 
iiverap-  \alues  weir  next  coinpared  with  the  mean  tem|ieratun.'  lU'duced  from  the 
liiill'  monthly  means  in  order  lu  cxliihit  the  deviation  of  tho  ohservod  iiveraw  \  allies 


\\% 


J 


m 


4m 


■tm 


:{(;  i;  i; co  i; i»  a  m»  hi s c r s s i d n  (t  i-  t i: m  p i:  r.  a t f  ii k .s. 

hImvo  or  lirlnw  ili>'   iiir;in    tiinin'ratuvt'.   +  iiuluMtiiii:  ^  tli;m   Ihi'  uiviui. 

(  cdlilcr     ) 

Tliow  (lillcii'iu'i's  Mil'  luri'witli   |irr.-riitr(|  j;niiilii(';illy  liy  t'lill   liiir.-*;   tlic   iiliii.icM  (if 

tliL-  moon  arc  iiiarktil  opiiosito  llio  conH'^iiinicliiiLr  datt's.  tlic  iii'W  iiiikuis  IjciiiLT  L'ivi'H 

at  till'  top,  till'  lull  iiiniiiis  at  tlii'  liottoiii.  ol'iiicli  ilinjiiiilii.      Tlu'  iiivc-^lijiation  com- 

lili'iirrs  willi   Nov.  .".il.  and   I'liils  with  April  lljth,  for  tlio  winter    l>-"i';-'il.  anil  iii- 

I'ludi's  till'  tinii'  liclwi'cu  Oct.  I'.'tli  ami  April  liiih  of  tlio  srcoml  winter,     lietweeii 

tlie>c  intervals,  tlie  mean   liaif  montiily  temperatures  are  iieiow  — 111 '.      'reiiipcia- 

tuivs  iiliserveil  after  .Ian.  "Jltli,  l^'io,  have  heen  taUeil  Iroin  the  alislract  in  \'ol.  11. 

of  the  Narrative  (cnrreeteil  lor  index  error).     'I'licy  are   proiialiiy  siilijeet  to  .small 

corri  ciions.  and  ln'iice  Iia\e  lieeii  dnited  in  tiie  dia^'rain. 

'J'he  wavy  line  ahiivo  tin'  zero  line   indii'iiles  the  ininilier  of  hours  during'  which 

snow  I'ell  in  the  correspondiiiLr  Ii  day  ]ici  ioil ;  the  numhi'i's  in  the  vertical  column 

answerini:  als.i  for  the  hour  scale.     The  \\a\y  line   helow.  or  on  the  iieualiM'  side 

of  the  tein[ieraturcs,  indiciites  the  nuiniicr  of  clear  days  in  each  G  day  period,  and 

in  order  to  use  the  side  liunres  also  for  llii.s  day-scale,  the  nuinln'r  of  clcarda_\s 

was  douMed.   I'J  iiciiii:  the  iua\iniuni  indication  of  li  ilear  t\.\\s. 


Ki: colli)  A  N  i»  i>iS(;ussi()N  OK  Ti;.M  I'l:  itATi- i!i;s. 


:i7 


'riiosc  dii\gi;iins  I'ully  bear  mit  tlu.'  olisi'rvur'.s  ii'inarks,  viz:  that  tlu'  lowest  tt>m- 
licraluivs  arc  rcadu'il  abdiit  tlio  time  cif  I'liU  iiiduii.  Setting  aside  siMiie  small  de- 
viatiotis  ill  tlie  regulaiity  of  tlie  curves  (of  tem[ieriitiire).  tliere  is  imt  a  siiiL'lo 
e.\ee|itioii  to  the  eorrespoiuli'iK'u  of  relative  maxima  of  cold  near  the  epoeh  of  the 
l,dl  moon,  and  of  relative  niinin-a  of  cold  near  tlie  time  of  new  moon.  The  jierioil 
helween  any  two  consecutive  maxima  of  eold  I'rom  five  intervals  is  '2V  .'2  +  1' .',•, 
and  the  same  Iietween  the  minima  of  cold  from  four  intervals  'JS'.")  -•■  'J'.!,  for  the 
lir.-t  winter,  and  •J^'.S^-  1'..")  (fnim  five  intervals'),  and  v'S' .S  +  o' ..'!  (^froin  live 
intervals),  for  the  second  winter,  respee'ively.  Comliiniiii;-  these  four  --alues  with 
the  ap[)lication  of  weights  according  to  the  respectivi'  [iroliahle  errirs,  the  ri'sulting 
period  for  the  recurrence  ol  cold  becomes  'JT'.T  '  I'.O,  The  synodic  period  of  the 
•.uooii  is  'J'.) '.5;  somewhat  loligi'r  than  the  period  ju-^l  deduci'd,  but  by  no  means 
incoiuiiatihle  tln'ivwith. 

If  we  now  Ibllow  the  curve  indicating  tiie  duration  of  the  fall  of  .snow,  we  lliid, 
in  the  two  winters,  maxima  near  the  period  of  new  moon,  thus  accounting,  in  con- 
Ibrmity  with  the  previous  investigation,  for  tlie  rise  in  the  tem[ierature ;  the 
average  elevation  above  the  mean  temperature  for  the  six  winter  months,  during 
the  hours  of  snow  I'all,  being,  according  tt>  the  table,  lo\  The  superior  maximum 
of  Uoc.  ".'"th  to  Jan.  Ist  (first  winter),  when  it  snowed  during  41  hours,  is  particu- 
larly instructive. 

The  lower  wavy  line  indicates  maxima  in  the  amount  of  seri'iiity  of  atmos])liero 
near  the  time  of  full  moon,  liettcr  marked  in  the  first  than  in  the  second  winter. 
'I'he  abovt'  special  case  of  l)ec.  '.".i-iKl,  is  a>;iiin  interesting  as  conspiring  to  an  ele- 


Kciiiin  A  N  i>  nTsrrs^ioN  ok  TKMriMi  \ti'I!i:s 


vatiim  of  toniiii'i'iitiii'c  liy  llir  lU'uily  liit:il   cilisi'urily  ol'  ilic  iitMi(i-|iljrn'  ilnriiii:  tin 
j*iN  (lays  ill  i|iic'siiiiii. 

Till'   iiii'iiii   aiiiiililuilr  (if  llic   \\;i\('   ill    llii'  '.viiili'i-   lS"i:I-.'il    is  1'.'  .1.  mill  in    tin 


llrl-   l.v.'il-.j.",,   -.'II'.!,  (.!■    r.t    .^    I 


r^'iii  Mil  a 


vi'iiiLii'  iliiriiii;  llicM'  two  winU'is. 


It  lias  liri'ii  rrinarki'il  ly  an  ciiiiiirut  asircniniiiiT  tliat,  if  tlic  iiinnii  ciiiits  any 
M'li.-ililc  111  at.  it  i>  [iriiliaiily  cxiiriiiliil  ami  licrrmii's  apiiavnil  by  a  ti'iiilriii'\  to  ili^- 
a|i|iraraii('i'  nl'  clnuils  iiiiiliT  till'  full  iiinoii.  Siiii|iiisiii;:  this  ti)  lie  i\  fact,  it  wmiM 
M'riii  that  tlir  piiufi'l'iil  railiatiiii;'  I'mvf  nl'  tin'  lailli's  .-iiiTarc,  callcil  into  activity 
uinli'V  a  clrav  sky,  [irniliircs.  as  a  sci'iniilary  rllrcl,  tlic  ]iliriiiiiiiriiiin  nl' ;ji(Mti'st  rnM 
at  the  tillir  nl'  lull  Illniill.  'I'llc  ]i|(irr-s  is  i;oii|;;  oil  L'Tailually,  ami.  wlirll  coliijiiiiril 
\\itll    tllr    ti  llilrllry  111'  a   fall    nl'  sIloW  aliollt     tlic    [icriod    of  llcw   llionll,  Wiilllil    t;l\nr 

tlic  ]iriMlncliiiii  I'C  till'  calnric  waM^  n'l-ci'vcil  iliniic;  the  uiiilcr  siM^mi.  These 
\va\cs  ciMihl  lint  he  1  xi.laiiicil  citlici  in  raii;;c.  iluratinii,  nr  ic.:iilai  ily,  hy  the  elVecl 
of  vaiinus  wimls  ami  caliiis.  since  their  tntal  ellect  cniiM  niily  aniniint  in  liiaxiiiia 
to  iij   ,  aeconliii^  to  the  |irevioiis  iii\ cstiL'at inn. 

A  iiiaxiiiiuiii  colli  will  he  |iroilii('eil.  as  stateij  hy  |  »r.  Kaiic.  li_\  a  ciincin  rciicc  of 
the  t:iiie  nl'  I'lill  ijinnii  with  a  iieiii'ct  caliii  ami  a  ercal  traiisiiavcncy  nl'  the  atiiio- 
sliliere.  ihllill,::  the  niiilillc  ot'  the  winter    season.       'j'he    oplin-ile    elllct    rci|llil'e-,  llii' 

its  full  (levcln|iiiieiit,  a  cnncin'riiice  ol'  ihe  time  nl'  new  ninnii  with  a  cniitinin  il  I'.ill 
of  siiov;.   a   liciieralK'  ohscni'i  i 


I   atnin-nl 


I'liere.   ami   wimls   lioiii   a   ilireclmn    lictwecii 


\.  N.  K.  ami  K.  S.  K.  it 


(ll'Ul 


I'inniiLili  has  heeii  slmw  1!  to  make  thc-e  altcnialiniis  nl'  lelalive  cnM  ami  warm 
[icrioils  ill  winter  an  interesting:  aibl  instinctive  sniijecl  liii'  luilher  stnil\.  s|icciall_\ 
with  a  \  icw  of  tiaciiiL:  out  ami  coiilliiniii^  the  a|i|iarenl  cniineclion  n|'  the  cnncur- 
leiice  of  the   l\\\'   [iiinci|ial   liiiiar  phases,  with   a   iemlency  to  oliscurily  ami   Iraii- 


siiarenc\   ( 


f  the  at 


niosiiliere. 


II  accniiiam 


with   i'lnl'.    l)n\e's    i  n\  I'st  i  jal  inns    ol'  the    return    nl'  cnlil    alinllt    til 


lltli  nf  May.  the  mean  ihiily  temperature  nii  .Nlay  I  'ith  il>-"ili  ot'  t  'J  .■■  was'.'  ."> 
lower  than  the  cnni|iutei|  (hy  precciliiii;'  rormnla)  tenipeialme.' 

li'iii-lil  ('■',■(■■  I  li''ii^  /'•!•  I'l  rin,nr   \',i,!,it!i,ii.-. — 'I'lie    rnllnwillL;   tahle   I'nr  reilllcill'-'  the 

iiicaii  of  nl)-ervatiniis  t;:ken  at  any  linur  of  the  ila_\'  to  the  tnie  iiiean  teinpeialuie 
ol'the  ilay,  has  a  similar  arraiiLii'incnt,  ami  was  |irt'|iaivil  for  tliv  same  use,  as  those 
::i\eii  for  other  stations  in  the  Smiths  mian  .1// •.'■,//,(„,  mk...  r '.,//.  f//,/„.s  f, /",)/,  a  n,(,/n,//.-.// 


./    I'hll.^iral    Tnhl.s.     l,v    I'lnf.    .\.    (i 


u\ol     ( '.M    eilillon.    \\'a-liill'_:tnll 


-1.      Ti 


leri\ei|  (lireelh  I'lom  a 


li^^iires  iieccssanly  present  some  anmnalies,  since  they  are  i 

scries   nl'   Imiirly  ()l)ser\ations    extemliinr  over  seventeen  inonths;    they    present, 

thelelnle.  ouU    the  l|i  ll'ercllCes  lietWei  II  the  llnlirh'  ainl  the  ti'ue   means. 


'  Wliiii'  l!ii>  iKi|iir  wii<  L"ilii)r  IIirciiL'li  llic  imt-s,  \  roi'iwil  the  Miinli  lannlji-r  ( Is.'i'.i)  nf  ilir  A. ,;,./.„;. 
Kill  I  Ifiii-'/h,  tiitti  liiililiii  I'/iihisn/i/iii  nl  Miiiin:ii(i;  ciiiiiiiinliiir  .1.  I'lirk  ll!in-isiiii'.i  iirticli'  nii  tin'  "I.iiiiiir 
Iiiliinnii'  III!  Tiiii|icr:iturc  ii-  rniiiii'cli'il  with  ■SiTciiity  of  the  Sky,"  lie  sliilrs  tlial,  IVulii  lia  vein's  nf 
(ilisi'l'Mitiiiiis  ill  (iri'i'iiwicli,  tlir  ini'im  ti'iiipi'i'iitiirc  is  iilmvc  llic  iivi'niL'i' ill  tin'  pi'i'liiil  nf  the  hew  nmnii 
(iiNii  lit  ru'.--t  i|iiiirti'i' mill  lii'l'iji'i'  la-t  i|iiiii't('i'),  il  is  licluw  the  iivi'i'ufrc  hefn'o  ami  al'li  r  lull  iiinuii  (iiImi 
ln'twii'ii  iii'W  iiiijnii  ami  lli'-t  iinurler,  ami  at  and  al'li'i'  last  (|iiiirli'i'). 


UKCOKU    A  N  l>    !•  I  SC  1:SS10.\   UK   T  K  M  I' K  li  A  T  i:  U  K  rf. 


Ai;. 

1  h    A  Ml  III!  \   -  \   \s   Kl  \-  -1  1 

M  11    II  Mil... 11.    I.ill,   7^      .;T',    I...11'.;'. 

ll    . . :  i ' 

\v,  ..r  (I'h 

■IIU  ii'jl. 

( 

'■'ITri'liiill^   In  III-  llll|l!irii  111  11 

iiv  li.iiirly  i.r  -rl  ..I' Innii'ly  ..Ii-itmiiIi 

11-  t'l  1 

llllill  llll'  II 

mil 

li'MI|il'nill1IV  111'    llli'll;iv.        lliL'lVi'^  III'    l''illllrllln.il. 

l|.  iir. 

.1,1.1                 t.l.             Mn,',,           \|ii 

\!  .V                ,1   1,,.,                ,l,.;v                  \,.   ;                  -,   1   ! 

I.... 

.V    1-       '      |i 

\ . ,.  1 

1    A.  M 

4,„.„7«.(-l.,;r,    -)-l.;.7    4-1..-..I 

+  I.1.-.  +1.11    +1..-.1  +j.i;ii  +J.:;:; 

— ii.lU 

1 — II, ll-    +1' 

17    +1.M 

'J 

■fii.:'.|    +l.':i    +1.T:'   +-I.M 

+  I.II     (-:i.iiil    +1.I.-.     (.J. '.ill    +-J.-J.I 

—11.117 

;-ii.ill    +11 

•J-J    +1.74 

:i 

-fii.tl    +1.11     {-].:-*   -|-l.:i-J 

+:i..|.'i   +-Jv,i   +i..t;i   _|_j.:i7   +1.W 

-ll.l.'. 

j— ii.d-    +11 

4-    +1.71 

I 

fii.b     )i'.-l    H--.'.:i     f4.:;'.i 

+  i:.',|ii    +L'.,-.il    +I.IJ    +l.'.i:i     1  ..11- 

ll.'J'J 

_ii.7ii    +11 

111!    +1  .-..-, 

Ti 

f-ii.17    +l..'il    4--.1-1   +-'M 

+  1 +I.U7    +l..;il    +-J.l:l   +--i':i 

— ii.:;n 

1     o.nii    — 11 

1-    +l.i> 

I'l 

-f'.-li    +"-:'t    +l.:'l    4--J.-- 

+11.71   +11.1::;   +i'.i;ii  +I..M   +1.-11 

—".27 

:+ii.:7   -11 

:i:i   -i-ii.iiii 

( 

(ii.-i:  +II..M    4-i.--;i'  +i.-:i 

— ii.ii.-i    -ii.^-l    +iiA.\    4-II.-7    -j-'i.l.'i 

~M,4-J 

t+n.,17    -11 

17    +11.44 

K 

f-ii  i;  -f  ii.'.;ii    f  ".;;i  -fii.7.'i 

—11.1111  —  i.iii  — ii.ji  —11.1-.:  —11.117 

_ii.;n; 

rf  i.i:;i   -11 

11    -11.17 

•,l 

-t-ii.:!.'.    — ii.ii:i    -n..'.-^   --ii.:ii 

-ii.m  -11.71    -i.-Ji   •  1.--.:  -1.711 

_ii,i;ii 

+11.114   -1 

4;,    — II, (',i; 

II* 

+„.„:,    _,i..',il    — |.ii;i    -l.iil 

-i.iiii  -ii.ii-j   -1.11    -■j.1.7  —■■i.M 

_«Mtl 

+11,1-   — 1 

4.-.    -l.i'7 

II 

-11,17  -11.-1  --■-7   -;;.,■.- 

-i.'i.i  -i.-jn   -i.-i      ^,7:      ■^.■:-: 

ii,7;i 

—11.:;. 1    — 1 

llll    -I.U 

.N.M.,1 

..-  il  •,t^,     — 11. Mi     — 'l,^'l     — ,'i.'J:i 

— -J.-H    — 2.1111    — 1.«.".    _J.:l-    — -.l.im 

^I'jIJ 

—11..'.-    — 1 

.1'-    — 1,-1 

1    I-.    M 

i.;i;7    -l.;iri    -,i.-:ii    -:i.ii7 

-■J.117    — J.lil     -l.ill    —-^A.!    — H.iiii 

— ii..';i 

-ii.-Jii    -1 

.I'll    -K-- 

2 

_-„.,ij    --i.:i-,   _:i.iii    _4.4:i 

— -J.HI    —-J.iili    -1..-II    — i;.,l:i    — -J.il-J 

—  M.:!,'i 

— ii.iiii    — 1 

.11-    — l.'.l 

:l 

-ii.ir.   -I.iii     -:;.'.i7   —t.i-.^ 

_:i.i.|    -1.711    -1.4,.,    _■:.„■.;    ._-.|:; 

-11.44 

—ll.l::   — 1 

.114    -l.iiii 

4 

-  ii.lii*  — l.ll     -1.^^    — 4.:rj 

_;i.,iii    ._i..|s    _i..|.;    ..|..)s    .-i..-,7 

ll.llll 

— ...Ill   -1 

.114    -1.4: 

!i 

— ii.J-1   -I'.^.-i    — l.-.:ii   -4.-JI1 

— ::.7J  — l.ii    -ii.iiii    — l.lii   --1I.1I4 

—11.11:1 

-11.17    +1 

.11-    — l.li 

II 

—  ii.ill    — ii.'.'*>     -11. .'.7    — :i.:i,l 

-l.«:i   -1.17    -I'.ii.;    -ii.ii-    -1I.-17 

+ii.:iil 

+11.1.11    +1 

.-U    —11.7.". 

7 

__„.m   _i.ii:i    ._ii.i..-,    __i.;i:i 

i_l.ii4   —11.117    _ii.li,-,       ii.jii    ,fii.:i.i 

+  11.-7 

+11.':.',    +1 

.7-    — O..J,; 

s 

—11.117    -11,*'*    -f  11.^,1    —11. ',1'. 

^ci.l-    _ii.,u    +11..-.1:    +11.117    +i'.-'l 

+  11.1'- 

+ii.:ir.    +( 

.71:    +11.1.-. 

;t 

— ii.M  — ii.-i.'i  4-"-'"i  +ii..ii; 

+ii.iir,    +11.-I    +11,11.-.    +ii.:i7    +1.-J1I 

+  11.11- 

+II.-11  +1 

.Ill     +II..-.,-. 

|i> 

— ii.ji  +ii.i'.i;  4-I--I  +i.'.'ii 

+  1.711   +11.111    +1..-1-.;    +l.i'J    +1.11:1 

+  I.111I 

+ii..'.4   +1 

..-.I    +l.i'U 

II 

ti'.i"  +"■'••'  +I--I''  +-J.iit 

+-:.-.i   +1.,-,.-.    +l.:iil    +I.1I1    +i;.:i7 

+  1.1 14 

+11.711    +1 

.44    +1.41 

.Mi.lul 

-fii.n-    +ii.:i4    4-I.'!-    +''-Ti; 

+;i.i;i  +i.m  +\.-::<  +i.ii>  +-^.7" 

(1. 11 

+11.11.'-.    +1 

.■J7    +l..i:l 

''<■■ 

4. 1.1.:  -".II-.:   f".-;7  --I.J-J 

-ii..'.ii    -ii.'J7    +11.14    +11.41    +1I.4S 

•fii.ii4 

+11.1-    -1 

.ii.-i    +11.1'- 

T.  7 

iii.ji  -ii.Jii  +".,-.7  -",".-. 

-II..-.4    -11.4.'.    +11.111    +11.J1    +11..I11 

+  II.-JJ 

+11.I11    +1 

.:il    +11.1111 

s    »• 

fii.i'-    -ii.:i-l   +11.-1    -11.11 

—  li.r.s    — li.lnl    +11.11    — ii.ni;         11.11.'. 

+ii.:il 

+ ii.il    +1 

.llll   —11. Ill 

!',  '.' 

+  i'.|ii     -I'.-JI     +ii,UJ    -ii.-J- 

.-11.11  -ii.-j.-.   —11.11  -1I.4J  -II.':.-. 

+i'.M 

+11.4.-.    +1 

.It-    — 11. ll.l 

Ill,  111 

-iM'7    f  11.11.;  +11.111:   +11.1.'. 

+1....-  -...14  +1..1.4   _,...-,j  —,..::, 1 

+  ii.i'7 

fii.ii.i    +1 

.(i-l   — (I.I. 2 

7.  ■:.  '.1 

II. ml     —11.1:1       -li.ls     _n.77 

-  11.77  —11,71   —11.114  —11.411   -I'.iii; 

+i'.i'7 

+i'.'J4    -1 

.11-    — ii.:i| 

II.  -,  III 

-ii.l:i    +ii.i'7    — ii.li;    4i'.li' 

_i..i.-,   _,..-<   +,..-j|   4.,..„:i   +11.1.'. 

+  11.1,-. 

+  ii.:ii    — 1 

.111       I'.i"' 

7.  -   '.' 

1  -.,.., .|      _,l..l,l      -M.l-      .^11.4,1 

_,...ll    _,..4^    +i..::|    .^,..-,,    +,,.,.,; 

+  .i.:ln 

tii.l"    +1 

.1.11     — ...I.;. 

:i,  :i]  ■■'. 

i+ii.l-.;    -ii.iHl    -11.11    ^".■'7 

-I-...,.,-,    +,..!.-,    _,i.,..    ._i..ij    _,..is 

+  11.11:1    +1 

.11-  —M.Hi: 

■  t: 

t-r  111.' 

.•  1  il.nl:ir  ,|U.Tiitili.  H  iHf  1  .\,  .M.  . 

.■  li.,UT  -  .  . 11.1, in.  ,1  «itli  II. .if 

11  I   1  r.  M..  in  .liiiuiiuy.  ;ii..  iii.-:iii  vatti.- 

li...  J.I-.,  ."liii,:  mil  I'i. ill. will,.,  li.. Hi- 

..fill,,. 

lir...  Uv  ..l-s.. 

v..,l  viilu.... 

'I'l 


.\.  M,.  '2  r.  .M,.  iiii'l  ',1  1',  M..  inv  tliii-.'  i.r  till'  .Miiiiiilifiin  Mi'd'un 


liiuiriil    ,'<i'ricly,   Mili'litiil   111    till'    liiilitiliy   im.-t-    vl'  tlir    I'liitril   .'^liitc-;   aii'l   liy   tliu 
Siiiillisiiniim    Iii-litiiliiin:  tin-  liour.s  ;!  luiil  '.'  A,  M.  uiiil  -"i  iiml  '.'  I'.  .M.,  an'  tlio-o 


1' 


till'  Kiiviii  .^in'ictN.    or  t 


le    l)i-liiiiirh   ,-orir,-,   tlii'  iili-i'vviitions  at 


A.  M.  anil  111  I'.  .M..  will  ^Ivo  a  very  cln-c  ai)[iro.\iiiiiitioii ;  tlu'  .■<iiiu  nf  tin'  .-(|iiiuvs 
ul'  tlir  tatiiilar  iinmlhly  Miliics  !,■<  a  iiiaxiiuiim.  ainl  tlio  ti'iiiiu'ratiiri'  at  tlicsr  Imur.s 
(Inr.-  mil  I'haiii:!'  a,-  raiiiilK-  a,-  at  utlnr  Imuis.     Ol'  tlir   tlu'ci'-hiiur  .-rrk'.-i,  tlio  Imui'.-i 


It,  Init    K' 


tlio  ll. 


II. 


),  V.  ami  twin'  '  arr  iiin-t  I'liiivi'iiU'iit,  init  li'.-,<  lU'i'urali'  tliaii  tlio  lioiirs  ii.  V, 
Till'  liniirs  .'.  ami  '■'  A.  .M.  ami  1'.  M..  liavr  llu'  lra,-t  ^nm  ul"  tlii'  .".iiiavcs  iA'  tin- 
imnitlily  viiliir,-;  iIh-c  Imur,-  arc  lun-t  siiitalili'  I'm'  i'iim',-.!  Iiavin;.r  a  Millirinit  iiuiii'n.'r 
111'  (ili-t'i'viT-.  Ill'  I'or  I'liUy  iiruiiiii/i'il  i.N[K'iliiiiiii<. 

Siliir  liiiilliilidii. — Al'ttT  the  I'l'liini  ol'liiilil  in  llir  siniiii:'  ul'  L'^-'il.  a  tlu'rniniiU'ti.'r 
Wits  (.'Xjnisi'il  to  till-  (liri'i't  arlimi  ul'  llir  -nil.     On  anil  iiltri'  A|iril  luili,  tlir  statical 
\'  iiicaii.-i  of  a  liliH'k  llllill  tlu'1'inoim.'ti'r  was  adniitcil.      In  I'limu'i'tinn  with 


liH'il-in'r  II 


tlus"  oli-orvatiuiis,  tin;  I'stiinatoil  ainoiiiil  ul'  sular  lii;lit  was  also  uuti'il.      1'" 


"?; 


10 


1!  K  ('  ()  i;  I)    A  N  D    II  1  S  C  r  S  S  l(t  N    O  I'   7  K  M  I"  K  I'.  A  T  V  I!  K  S. 


iii)ti\  Oi't.  I'Mli,  Is'il.  it  iiii|)('iifs  tli:\t   the  luiinlii'i's  cxim'ssivc  di'  the  c|iinn(ily  (if 
fiiliir  li,2lit  liiuc  llii'  tiilliiwiiiL;  fiiiiiiru'idioM: — 

I    I'lntii't'lv  clciir. 

'2  Sliulilly  (ili.-iuriMl. 

I   Misty  and  tliirk. 

"i  Kxi'i'ssivi'  (ilisciu'ity. 

Till"  .»ij:n  (I,  wliii'li  (ii'iM.-iiiiiaily  ni'cmv,  |ir(ili;il>ly  iiiilicuti's  citlicr  no  dlisi^fviitidii, 
iir  snowy  or  rainy  atninspln'ir.  't'licri'  aif  a  li'W  iiii|i:iiint  inunniilics  in  llic  liillou- 
inL' tallies,  tlic  tcMiinTadn'i'  imliiati'il  liy  llic  lijai'k  Imll)  licin'.' sonicwliiil  lowrr  tli:ui 
tliat  iinliialid  liy  tlu'  >liiiilc'  tlii'rnii>nii'ti'r  with  an  oNcrcust  sky.  Tlir>i'  may  aii-(> 
I'loni  a  slii;!itl_\' cndiicdus  index  cinir,  ni'  oreasional  iili>ei'\  in.L'  crnns,  or  dill'ereiit 
loealilies  nl'  exposnrc. 

The  llillou  inL'  iccoi'd  nf  the  iihsei'vations  nf  tlie  teniiieratmv  hy  the  black  hulh 
tlieiniiiineler  exiKised  to  the  snhif  rays.  <'(inlairis  the  ciirreeted  readiiiL's.  which  ren- 
ders them  directly  cumpara'ile  with  the  readini^s  ol'  the  preci'dini;  ireneral  record, 
anil  lias  lieen  inserted  I'm-  the  nse  ol'  tlmse  who  may  desire  to  rnithcr  inv(.'>tigate 
the  snliject. 


KKCOKl)    AND  DISCUSSION   OF  TK  M  I'K  I!  AT  U  K  K  S. 


41 


ItKAIHMiS  VV  TIIK  IJl.Ai  K   111  l,|i  Til  KIOMMKll'.ll,  AMI  ni|iUl:.>l'nMil  \ii 

.\nrH!l  (IN  THE  ijii 

.All  LliillT, 

oiiHKHVtiii  AT  Van  Uknhski,.u'.u  IIaiiimii 

, 

III  April,  Is'pI,  ill  1,11 

.  ".S"  ;!7',  I K'.  70"  r.:!'  \V.  of  (liveiitti.-li. 

Kxprcsseil  \i\  ili-gruca  of  Vu 

lirciihcil's  liualc.    At  im;U'oi'ologii.'iil  oliscrvalory. 

Hour.       hull        ml.        rjiii.      mil       iim 

1 

|-||I|.        Mill          Kill         l-lli. 

mill. 

1              I 
•.'mil.       J 1-1,       ■ii.t. 

211.1.        Jill. 

V-         .'. .'.     ■     ..'. 

u 

^ 

■- 

J 

■J 

.".'      '.'.'.      '.'.'.    -i'li.ii 

...      —  g.(l_  8.0 

'.'.'.     '      '.'.'. 

4 

_  i.ii 

...     4-  4.(1—  1.11 

...    4-1. ij 

—  7.11 -17.11      

—  .'i.ti    ...        II.II  -iii.ii  f  II.II 

—  4.114-  i;.ii4-  ''■'■1' 

2.11 

li         ...      —  i;  (1  — iii.d     

—  4.ri  4-  7.114-  .'i.ii—  ;;.ii  4-1ii.ii 

11.11 4-1-.0  4-1-1.I' 

n.o 

7        -  -1."  4-  ri.ii  -  II. II     ... 

-  4..'.     111."       4.11  f  -^.f  4-  ^.n 

4-  H.ii      !     4-  7.11 

4-  H.ll     7.11 

H       —  .1.11    -f  lli.ll  —  -.11      •■■    ,     .•• 

4-  ;:.ii     iJ.ii      4.11  ■(-  .'i.ii  f  4.11 

4-l'J.ii      ?     4-lii.ii 

7.li      ".II 

!•              'J. II    4-   III'  •+1.II  +   II.-      ... 

4-  4..'.     iJ.ii      11.114-i11.il  -1-  .'■..1 

4-    H.ll  -(-ai.ll-f-lI'.MI 

m.ii  i.'i.ii 

I'l      4-  II, .'i   4  lii.ii  4-  l.ii      ii.ii     ... 

-i-    II.II        I'J.ll          K. II  4-11.11  -j-14.il 

4-14.11 4-17.11 4-111. ■'■ 

IM.li    l.'..il 

11       4-  l.ii  1  f  I1M14-  'J.ii     1;;."  4-11. 11 

4.  11.11    IKi.ii        '•.114-  '•■I'  4-17..'i 

4-  11.11  4-  4.11  4-^4.11 

lli.ll  ii)..'i 

Nniiii    4-  j.ii  4-  4.11-1-  -.:i     lii.ii  -i-ii.ii 

4-I11.11      t          ...     -(-14.11  4- -4.11 

4- -J.'.. 11  4- Is. 11  4-17.11 

21.11  07.0 

l:t      +  i.H  4.  i>  f  .',.1,     iii.d     ... 

4-lii.li     ri.ii     ::il.ii-j-  x.ii  4-1-J.ii 

4-I1I.11  4- -Jil. 11  4--7.il 

2ii.li   o:).ii 

14      —  ii.ii  4-  ■j.ii  4-  7.11     lii.ii  4-.'.. II 

4-  11.11     ^.'i.n     1:4.114-1 -.11  4-l'i.ii 

4- -.'.11  4-l>.ii4-l''ii  11 

211.11   'j.i.ii 

Ifi      —  i..'i   4-  :i..'.  4-  s.ii      jp.ii  4-4.,'i 

4-  II.II     iiii.ii     2'J.ii  4  lii.ii  -l-is.ii 

4  2-.1' 4- 17.11  4-1111.11 

1111.11    211.11 

1(1      —  li.ii  -f-  .'..II -f-  7.114-  I'.ii  -t-.'..ii 

4-  ;i.;i    'Ji..'i     iiii.ii  4-  ii.ii  4-i.''.ii 

4--i'.i'4-l.Vii4-':.'*.ii 

21.11    14.11 

17        —  ^..'1    —  M.ii  --  1.11      ...       4-.'.. 11 

lli.ll       H.li       ?      4-i.'.ii 

4-17.11  4-i4.'J  4- 1:.:.!! 

14.11     ii,r, 

m      }_7.r.  —11.11—  i.:i     ...     4-4..'! 

14.11       11.11  —  -J.ii  4-  K.ii 

4-  7.114-14.114-  II.II 

IH.O     2.11 

Ill      —iii.d  _m.11— :i.ii     ...    , -f.4.11 

...       4-    .'i.ii         4.11  —  11.11  -i-   H.ll 

4-  4.114-11.114-  8.11 

CS  4.3.11 

-II      —  '.i.ii  — ai..'i     -(--.II 

11.11  4-  4.11  —  4.11  —  4." 

4-  H.114-  II.II -f-  a.ii 

3.11      ... 

•^\          .,,         .,.        ...        ...     1,5 

,').^ 

—  4.11—3.2     ... 

4.   l.s      ... 

^■- - 

1    ; 

—  4..'i  —  3.11     ... 

(I.II      ... 

.MMii-' 



1 

-lli.ll 

".    i    ...    1    ... 

'.'.'.    1     ... 

I..III       I'^ll. 

II. ..ir          I'l'i          mil 

i.'i:i       mil       It'll 

i:;h         l-lli          I'.lti 

■.•■'Ill       ■:i.i       L'.'.i 

■2l\         '.'tih 

I"      

1    , 

... 

1 

•  1 

..          ...    i     "" 

,    ■■■  1   - 

'.'.'.        i'       '.'.'. 

.'..             1 

•  1 

4 

...            ...             •.•      1 

1        1 

1         1 

1 

1 

& 

';i 

:i 

'i'  ,  ;:.'    '.'.'. 

1       '.'.'.       1    '    i' 

1         1         1 

1 

6          :i 

4 

1    ...     4 

1        It        11 

1         1         1 

1 

7 

:t 

4 

1       J       1       I 

1         1         1 

4           1 

8 

;i 

4 

1   '   "!      '.'.'. 

1111 

1         1        1 

1 

» 

4           1 

1       4       1 

1      i    1 

1         I         :; 

2             1 

111 

4           1 

1       1       1 

1    ;  1     1 

1         1         1 

2            1 

11            4           -2 

1       -1      4 

■.;       '1        1 

1        1        1 

2           1 

N.iim 

4           ;; 

1        1      4 

■J       1        1 

1           1          u 

2             1 

11 

4           - 

1 

I  '    1 

2        1111 

1        1        -J 

1        i 

14 

4            - 

1 

4   ;    4 

::        1         1         1         1 

1        1        -J 

1         1 

IJ 

4         ■.;         1 

4 

4          11           1           1 

1         1         •: 

1        1 

Hi 

4         -         - 

4 

Il4     i      1           111           1 

1         1         ■• 

1        1 

17 

4         1          -J 

4 

14           1 

1        1        1 

1         1         11 

1        1 

18 

4          1          :i 

4 

l4           1 

1        1        1 

I          n 

2        1 

10 

4           1           :i 

4           1 

1           1           - 

1           4 

1         1 

■211 

4           1            4 

... 

4 

4           1 

1             1             H 

14 

1         1 

21            

O.J 

...     1      ...            H 

...     '      ...            li 

■     ...    1 

1 
1 

;;  1           ...          

Mi.in-|        

:::  i  :;: 

...   ;    ...       ;i 

...     1     ...          4 

:::     ! 

—                                            '  -  -  - 

t 

•  Ciirr.vli'.l  rrniu  10'  l.i  1  .11. 

1  111  till,  or! 

cinal,  it  has  th.'  si^u 

— . 

t  ('han^•^'.l  from  .'1  to  1.'. 

5  Corn..  t...l 

rea.liiik',  th.'  orii;ilia 

I'.MIIg  il\ 

il  The  o^i^ina1  h.art  H;  tin'  roluniu  for  i-lo 

i.U  iuilif.tt.'ii  4,  a^  alHivt>. 

NdTK. — Tho  alisorvntiutis  iirt*  ni.-ult'  with 

utireiirial  tlirrmoiiiot.T  N...  1  ;  l.y 

•omitarisoli  with  th.' 

nlistTvatiiry 

stjui-l.tril  at  -f-4-'',  its  corn'rtiou  w.m  —  ir.l 

It  was  not  thoni;lit  ii.'.'t'.ssary  to 

api'l.v  thi.s  iiinall  I'orr 

tvtion. 

Hi 


>! 


>■  i  1 


(•.> 


i!i:('oi!ii  A  N  II  iHscrssioN  (I  r  Ti:  \i  r  i;  I!  ATI' II  MS. 


r.KAi 

INi,.<  111-   TIIK 

lilM  h    I'll  1.11  'rilKllMiiMKIKIl.    SMI  i 

ii|lllK.-1'iiMi|\il    \ 

'IV.y 

li\  Tilt 

Sill 

All   1,1 

'Ill', 

(iii>Kii\  r.i 

.M    N 

.\N   ltKN.«> 

>:l..\K.ii  ll.\iniiiii, 

III  A 

nil  mill  Miiy.  Ix.'il, 

III  l.lll 

.  "><  ':l*', 

.iiiiir.  7"  '  .'ill'  W 

iilM 

I'Cl'lluil 

ll. 

i;.\|ir('s- 

I'll  111  ili'jrrri'*  III'  l''ii 

irrlilli 

It'.-  M'lllr. 

Al    lllrlcill'dliif.' 

I'll! 

(iliwrva 

HIT. 

Ih'nr 

i-.ii.       Mil 

i;riii      s-ih    !  aiiii 

1.11  ll 

t-l            '.M 

!     M.     1     (III.     1    .llli. 

mil 

:ii. 

>il. 

mil 

11.. 

...     +4.J     ... 

.'.'.    c-ll..'. -f 

'Jl 

-1-  (i.:i 

li 

'.'.'.    --'i.i 

4.(1      .. 

...     "_i;.(i 

11.  .'l 

ii.h 

+11.(1 

:i 

+  ;<.M+  I.I 

—  M.b         :l.ti  -L  ;,.(! 

■y-"-." 

■f'Vi.ii  :: 

+  1.1' •-4..'. 

.'l.ll 

-l-'ii..'.  +  7.,'. 

11.7 

17.1. 

'« 

4.11            ■).! 

i-i-4.'J      :i.ii      7.11 

M.II 

ij.ii 

l'J.ii''-4.ii 

(!..'> 

1.11 

111..'. 

11.11 

-11.11 

r. 

11. II        .''.1 

1      r..i.      4.;i      VII 

f.:i 

it.,'i  .. 

17.1'- 

-  'J.I' 

7.11 

il.ii 

1(1.(1 

lll.ll 

-J. 11 

i; 

7..''        7.1 

1       .'Ml       :...'.      in.ii 

S.ll 

ii.ii  .. 

l^.c- 

f    J.M 

s.ll 

>».(! 

lll.ll 

l-.ii 

-•:.■' 

7 

-.ii      Vi.i 

1      .'..11      (i.ii    r:.ii 

l:i.(i 

i;i..'i    .. 

'm\   ('  - 

r    t.f. 

H.ll 

14.(1 

l:i.(i 

Uii.ii 

-ii.i' 

s 

11.11      lil.i 

1      ii.»,      K..'i'    1:1.11 

14.(1 

•ti.ii 

I'.l.C  - 

-    I.t' 

11.11 

14.(1 

iii.ii 

11(1,11 

HI." 

•  1 

11.11      .(i.i 

1     Iii.n     lii.ii     l.'i.ii 

1.'..(i 

•ii.ii 

lll.ll- 

-    .'i.O 

lll.ll 

1(1.11 

Uil.C 

11.11 

I'l.ii 

111 

^.ll      'J.'!.! 

1     11(1     M.ii     1(1.(1 

2.'t." 

Js.d 

»l.l'- 

•  UM" 

111..' 

14.,'. 

Jl.11 

lll.d 

17.11 

11 

l.'.ii     ::ii.( 

1      1.'..(i      17.11      lii.ii 

'j;*..o 

Js.ii 

117.11  - 

-»<;.(' 

11.(1 

1:11.1 

IS. 11 

i;:t.(i 

Hx.d 

N 1 

fj.ll     ,111.1 

1       IS.II*      llll.ll       lll.d 

:;-." 

111. 11 

II'J.H- 

-!>•.«• 

11. -J 

1:1 '.11 

llii.ii 

llli.d 

llii.d 

1.1 

]■:.;<     :ij.i 

1     'Jil.ii     'JJ.ii     I"*. 11 

•jn.M 

'^•'.ll     .. 

llll.ll- 

-i;m' 

11..'. 

17..'i 

lll.ll 

UT.d 

•>,(i 

II 

i-.i'     'Ji*.i 

1     'J4.I1      'Jl.ii     'J'J.ii 

•Jl.l' 

-'I.II 

'•17.1'  - 

-I'i.l 

1:1.11 

1(1.(1 

l:i.(i 

1)11.(1 

lili.ii 

1,-. 

1.-..1I      IW.i 

1     U-..'.      --.II      -11.11 

U"." 

•2i!ii    " 

'j'j.ti  _ 

.1:1.0 

11..'. 

i.;.4 

11.(1 

aii.ii 

Md.ll 

M 

i-.ii     ■:.'.. 

.    i::,i.    11.11    iH.,1 

ilJ.-'l 

-ii.ii 

::i.ii- 

-   !».- 

1J.li 

11." 

l.-,.ii 

•j-.d 

ll'J.li 

17 

1 1."    ■:■:. 

1    'ji."     1  i.ii    i.'i.ii 

ijll.'' 

17.11      .. 

i-.ii- 

-   '.'.1' 

ri.ii 

7,(1 

1  1.11 

'j.'t.'i 

llii.ii 

1- 

*.ii    "J". 

1    jii.ii     ij."     i.'i.ii 

11." 

11. It 

1  i..'i  - 

-   T.T' 

ij.ii 

11. (1 

ll.:i 

114.(1 

Hil.ii 

l:i 

7.1'      Iv 

1      17.11        -.11      11.11 

;•." 

-t-li..i'      „ 

+  11.11- 

.  .'.1' 

lll.ll 

.'..II 

1:1.11 

H-.ii 

•J7.11 

-II 

-f  7..-.      1.-.. 

1    ij.ii      -.11     11.11 

S.H 

H.t'  - 

-  J.ll-f 

11.11 

4.(1 

11.(1 

1:1. .'1 

•J4.I1 

:;l 

'...      -1-  s. 

1-1-  -.11      11.11     iii.ii 

.'i  " 

„    ft.l'  - 

- 1..'.-- 

1.11 

:i.» 

11..'. 

lll.ll 

1:1.1' 

2- 

11.11-1-4.1.-1-  11.11 

+  !•" 

...*         -    l.O 

:i.i' 

11.11 

11.11 

IJ.fi 

J.i 

-1-  :.«-fi".i. 

S.M 

lii.'J 

Mi'hi'l 

1 



+  7." 

+  11.1. 

M    ur 

•I'.t),         -ji  rti 

:.':ii.       >ili       -.''.111 

1             1             1 
1             1            1 
1             1             1 

.villi 

1 .1         j.i 

1.1       111, 

til 

ii.i. 

. 

.11, 

|1' 

•i'   ! 

1 
1 
1 

1 
1 
1 

1         1 
1         1 
1         1 

t 
1 

.1 

:i 

:i 
4 

;•; 

-4 

1    1 
1    1 
1    1 

1             1             1 
1             1             1 
1             1             1 

1 

1 

1 

1 
1 
1 

1         1 
1         1 
I         1 

I 
,1 

1 
1 

:i 
:i 

1 

'.1 

1    1 
1    1 
1    1 

1             1             1 
1             1             1 
1             1             1 

1 
1 
1 

1 
1 
1 

1         1 
1         1 
1         1 

1 
I 

1 
1 

:i 
:i 

1" 

n 

:         1 
1         1 

1             1             1 
1             1             1 

1 

1 

i 

1         1 
1         1 

1 

1 
1 

1 
1 

■' 

1  i 

1 

1             1             1 
1             1             1 

1 
1 

1 

1         1 
1         1 

■'; 

1 

1 

1 

1 1 

1 

11 

1.'. 

1.; 

1 

1 
1 

1             1             1 
1             1             1 
1             1             1 

1 

1 
1 

1        1 

J           4 

1         1 
1         1 
1         1 

~ 

'1 
1 

1 

1 

i; 
1- 

i.t 

1 
1 
1 

1             1             1 
1             1            1 
1             1             1 

1 

1 
1 

:i 

: 

1         1 

^ 

•■; 

1 
1 
1 

1 

1 

■■1 

1         1 

1             1             1 
1             1             1 

1 
1 

1 
I 

1 
1 

I        \ 

:l 
:) 

.1 

1 

1 
1 

~i 

1             1            1 

- 

1 

-                •' 

:( 

4 

- 

1 

■J  1 

1           ...            1 

■J 

1 

L! 

4 

:i 

'1 

1 

.Mi.lnl 

1          ' 

1           ...            1 

- 

1 

1 

4 

4 

- 

1 

*  Tl>.'  sitjii 

U  uMiititiL'  in  till'  oriuiiial. 

J 

6'riis 

in  till'  .'I 

l.-lr.-i. 

u. 

ilu  M.'iy  ::.l 

(liy  .*uii  wnH  iibsi'iiri'i 

■1  drill 

K  thi'  LTi'.ll 

•r  part  cif  tli.'  .l;iy. 

r.Kfoiti)  .\  Ml  DISC  TssioN  or  Ti:.Mi'i:  I!  .MT  I!  i;s. 


II  K\ 

i|\ii^  II 
I 

■   Tllh 

h 

v|in-. 

li.\ii>  ill  111  Till  iimhMITHii.  ,\vii  1  iiiiiiK-i'iivinvu  .Vutk-hx  iii 
iiiiM.iiM.ii  AT  V.\N  IU:n*ski..m;ii  II.MlIlult, 

.Miiv,  l>i.'il,  ill  I.iil.  7s'  ;i;',  \,„n\!.  "il"  .Mi'  \V.  nf  (iiTi'iiwi'li. 

■il  ill  i|i'i;rri  s  III'  |''Mlii'i'iilii'irs    lllll'.     At  nii'li'iiriilii;;ii'iil  uli-rrviil 

.  ."^i.t 

IfV, 

\l(  I.I 

,11  1', 

lli.iir. 

1 

Mill. 

lltilr    {    l.-lih        lllll         j.Mli        I'lli        trill        l<ili.       Hull.       Joili        'il<t 

Hit 

ai.i 

'Jtlli. 

I'l 

+  11.11 

+  ,'..11 

a.  .'1.11+  11,11+  II.II+  {1,11 +1.-,, II .LII.II     ...    +lii.ii+i:i.ii+IJ,ii+ll.ii 

+111.11 

+  17.1. 

1! 

I.-..11 

7.11 

4.11        7.11       7.11      111,11      ■jii„',      1:1.11      .,.         Ij.ii      111.,-,      i;i,.'i 

1211 

17.11 

l".l. 

:) 

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14 

41.0 

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:i:i.ii 

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20 

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1 1,1. 

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r.  Kcoi;  I)  AMI  DISCUSSION  OF  T  i;  M  I'K  i:  ATT  1!  i:s. 


I      I 


r.KAi 

1N(.>  I'l  nil.  I<i.  \i  w  I'll  1 II  'rinii 

Mi'MKiril,   .\M1  nilllir.sl'uMilMl   .Ni'lK-nS    rlll;Sii|..Mi    I 

Kilir, 

i>ii>i:ii\  i:i 

.M   \'.\.\  1!i;n.-«i:i..\i.;ii  II 

\ltlluU, 

III  .liiiii' iinil  .liilv,  I>."i4,  ill  l.iil,  7*-    .'i7',  I.iiiijr.  "n' 

:.:;'  W.  uf 

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uIi-t'l'Villi'lT 

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4.V"      :;4." 

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:i 

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4 

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1     4;i." 

7 

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:i>-.i\    ...        .'ill."     .'."." 

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44."    :i';..'' 

::-.'i     .|l. 

'      .M." 

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4".",     ...         iM.ii      fill." 

4ii..'i     :i7.i' 

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1     4:'." 

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11 

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;i-."     4"."     4:1. 

'     47" 

N 1 

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14 

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17 

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2i:ili.  *rii'.riiii>iiM.Ii.r  Nil.  1  liri.kf  ;  nii.rnirial  tlifmif>iin'ti*r  N.i. 

17     !-ll|.|.|i."l 

t^   |.la.f.      Hy  ruin 

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Willi  II 

.  .il.-.TV.ili.ry  ^t.iii.l.-il.l.  IN  iii'i'.x  IT 

.if  i-^  I   .<',  or  it>  rnrn-.ttMii  ■- 

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<  tiriiii^c'l  n'lriaikaMv  .  tin-  \ 

atiT  villains 

fr.irn  t!u'  dills  i  ■ninnfri'''!  | 

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lit'  iif  ill  til,"  liHv,  f 

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A.  M.     Iti*  ]t\nio  wns*  ^iippl 

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■  hills. 

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r.  IOC  (»  lilt    AND    DISCrSSION    OF   TKMI'IU!  ATrP.KS. 


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+  i"-H---"-H^-"+-*- 


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.Itily  ITth,  I'tr,   No  i.lisiTvaliniis  on  tin-  ITlh,  iMli,  I;Uli,  l^i'Hi.  ainl  Hist,  of  tlic  !>liu-k  IpuU"  ti'iniH'r;Uurt':». 

July  -''til.  Tilt'  t\V(t  ^nn  tlu-niiotiifttT?*  wi'iv  taki'ii  fium  tli.»  i^l.iu.l.  At  iiofii.  .Inly  '-Mh.  tli---*!-  tIi.Tiiiitiiifl.>r- 
w.ri-  sii-i|M'iiil."l  on  liuaril  the  lirii:,  s  fo»'t  fnmi  Avrk. 

July  '.i\<.  Mi'ssrs.  Sonnt.u',  •►litst'ii,  a'vl  Stovfii<on  rrturncil.  TIh'V  f«iim<l  tlic  soiuiil  i»*rft'i-tly  oprti  to  tin 
."uutliwanl  of  tin'  noitli  i'a|>o  of  lU-.U'vilU-il  Itt-arli,  anil  opiii  U'luls  fxtfii'lini;  to  within  (i  niik'.-'  of  tin.'  l-ric. 


i-i 


ii 


48 


U  K  C  0  U  1)   AND   D  I  S  C  U  S  S I O  \   0  V  T  K  M  I'  K  U  A  T  U  U  K  S. 


IJk.mhmis  (H 

TUK  lil-.M-K 

liil.li 

TllKllMuMKTKIl,  AM)  I'lmilE.ll'ii.ViHNU 

SuTl> 

UN  run  .Sui, 

AU  I, 

ilHT, 

liIlSKUVF.I 

AT  \- 

.\N    KkXS..*K1.AH11   llAUIllUt 

III   Aiiiiiist 

1  ,X,"i  I 

,  in  I 

111.  7^ 

°  ;i7', 

I.iiMlT.  7(1°  ,^:!'  \V. 

of  (i 

vcnwii 

h. 

KxpiVii.'i 

ihI  in  ( 

cprcfs 

.Vh. 

of  Falirciilii'it's  sonle.     On  board  tlie 

I                    III 
nih.       711..       sill.       mil.    ;  loiii.  1  liiii. 

liri)r. 

Ih.iir 

1.1 

•j.i.       .1.1 

40i 

liiii. 

I:iili 

mil,. 

Kill. 

11,. 

+;i-,.i 

-4-31. o -)-:!.'.. 0 

-)-38.0 

.f4r,.o 

-H2.0 

-I-311.0  -f  3(1.0  -)-:iil.O 

-1-43.0 

-1-33.0 

-1-32.0 

-1-37.1 

-t-33.0 

2 

Xi.o 

31..'.      3.',..'> 

37.11 

43.0 

4iii 

311.0     42.0     37.0 

41.0 

3ll.ll 

32.5 

30.1 

32.5 

•' 

afi.d 

31.0      3.'i.0 

311.0 

311.11 

40.0 

37.0      43.11      311.0 

41.0 

37.o; 

44.11 

31.1 

35.0 

4 

3li.li 

31.0      3li.. 

37.0 

43.0 

40., 1 

35.0      17.0     3(1.3 

42.11 

38.0. 

511.0 

31.1 

311.0 

T) 

3i:.(i 

33.0      37.(. 

-1-311.0 

44.1. 

37.0 

3il.O 

35.(1      48. 0      3H.0 

38.0 

311.0' 

32.0 

32.1 

311.0 

t; 

37.(1 

3H.0      3.'i.0 

40.0 

411.0 

3ii.li 

47.0 

35.5      5ll.O      311.0 

43.0 

42.0 

33.0 

34.1 

40.0 

7 

4-J.O 

43.0     34.11 

4.'..li 

,',0.0 

3i;..'i 

50.  .'i 

311.0      52.0      41.0 

4il.(i 

4il.o 

31,0 

IN.i 

41.11 

s 

filMI 

3:i.o     3(;.o 

45.0 

411.0 

40.11 

1,3.0 

51.0      53.0      41.0 

47.0 

41.11 

211.0 

40.1 

42.11 

<l 

(i;).ii 

311.0      311.0 

411.11 

4S.11 

114.0 

50.5      55.0      45.0 

47.0 

311.0 

42.1 

33.0 

10 

1)11.11 

43.0      311.0 

411. r. 

411..'. 

tlll.O 

411.0      51.(1      411.0, 

50.0 

40.0 

44.1 

34.5 

11 

iiii.ii 

4.'..o     311.0 

4>.o 

411.0 

(12.11 

47.0      52.0      52.0, 

51.0 

411.0 

44.1 

311.11 

N.i.iu 

41.0 

4S.0     311.0 

311.0 

411.0 

,',1.0 

(10.0 

4iI.O      52.5      53.ll' 

55.11 

3''.0 

47.1 

34.0 

i;t 

4U.0 

43.0      311.(1 

41.0 

ri3.(i 

r.iii 

611. o 

47.0      50.11      52.0 

55.0 

37.0 

42.1 

35.0 

H 

'40.0 

44.11      3;l.o 

rij.o 

55.0 

511.0 

47.0      411.0      51.11 

51.0 

47. 0 

44.1 

37.11 

1.0 

311.0 

43.0      :ll>.0 

411.0 

fili.O 

5(1.0 

4il.li      4^.0      63.11 

5 1 ,  o 

4'-.o 

55.1 

311.0 

Hi 

3ii.o 

41.0      311.0 

41.0 

5.'i.o 

53.0 

45.0     4>.,ii      411.0, 

411.0 

4.1. 0 

ll'-.ii 

17 

311.0 

41.0      ... 

44.0 

53.0 

311.0 

45.11      4ii.(i      4k. ii' 

41-. o 

43.0 

54^1 

41.0 

l'' 

41.0 

311.0      ... 

43. 11 

44.0 

4.-.0 

311.11 

42.0     45,5     42.11 

47.0 

43.11 

52.1 

44.0 

1'.' 

40.11 

r.i.o    ... 

45.0 

42.0 

311.11     4:i.ii     4(1.11 

411.0 

40.0 

411.1 

43.0 

-" 

3-.0 

411.0      ... 

4,'i.ii 

57.0 

3H.li     42.0     411.0 

45.0 

33.11 

5(1.1 

1     42.0 

i;i 

:i7.ii 

311.11      3.').0 

411.0 

4.'i.o 

411.0 

31'. 3      42.11      311.0 

12.0 

33.0 

-H2.1 

33.11 

iij 

:i-.i' 

3.'i.0      3,'j.ll 

4S.0 

4.'..o 

41.0 

3il.li     41.0      311.0 

42.5 

34.11 

33.11 

lis 

:u." 

33. .'i      311.0 

47.11 

44.0 

311.0 

311.(1      311.(1      Hii.ii 

42.0 

.14. 5 

10.1. 

32.11 

M.lul 

+--..'. 

-t-33... -1-37.0 

-fM.O 

-f4;'.(i 

-1-42.0 

-|-3a.o 

-f-3(1.0  -}-37.(i  -(-311.5 

+40.5 

-f35.o 

-f-33.0 

-|-,12.0 

II    i.r 

I-! 

■..,1            1, 

till 

,',iii 

,11, 

::„ 

^III           'i-l,           |,'l!. 

iiiii 

l.'iti 

110, 

1,H, 

iro. 

r- 

4 

3            4 

4 

4 

4 

2            1            1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

:i 

4 
4 

3            4 
3            4 

4 

4 

4 
4 

2  1            1 

3  1            1 

1 

1 
1 

1 
I 

i 

1 
1 

■i 

■1 
4 

3            4 
3            4 

4 

3 

4 
4 

i' 

3            1            1 
3            1             1 

I 
1 

1 

1 

1 
1 

1 

1 

1 

i; 

4 

:i         4 

:! 

J 

1 

3            1            1 

1 

1 

4 

■J 

2 

7 

3 

i;        4 

3 

•2 

1 

.3            1             2 

1 

■^ 

4 

;j 

1 

111 

1 

1 

3           3 
1           4 
1           4 

4 
4 

1 

1 
1 

1 
1 
1 

3            1             2 
:!          1          1 

1 
1 
1 

3 

3 

4 
•4 
•4 

7 

I 
1 

1 
1 
1 

n 

1 

3            4 

I 

1 

1 

3             1             1 

1 

1 

M 

1 

1 

N 1 

1 

■J           4 

4 

1 

1 

4            1             1 

1 

1 

•4 

2 

1.1 

■^ 

:;          4 

4 

1 

1 

3            1 

1 

2 

4 

1 

11 
i.'i 
!■; 

4 
■I 

4 

•J          4 

2  -1 

3  4 

4 
4 

1 

1 
1 
1 

1 
1 
1 

2           1 

r     1 
1     1 

1 
1 
1 

1 

1 
1 

4 
4 
1 

1 
1 
I 

17 

4 

3          -1 

4 

1 

li 

1 

•4 

1 

J 

1- 

1  <> 

4 

1 

■J          4 
1            1 

4 
.J 

1 
1 

2 

'.'.'.     I     1 
1     1 

2 

•4 

«    1 

I 

3 

1 . 

L't' 

4 

J           4 

4 

1 

1 

1     1 

3 

* 

•4 

1 

1 

3 

111 

4 

3        ■: 

4 

1 

1 

1     1 

3 

•4 

■_l 

3 

l!- 

4 

4 

■I 

1 

1 

4 

4 

3 

:;.! 

t 

4 

4 

1 

1 

'2 

'J 

3 

Mi.lnt 

4 

4 

1 

IS  ZvtOi 

, 

1 

1 

12 

1 





3 

•  1 

'In-  oriKinal  h 

All 

i;ii»t  Ulli.  A( 

4  A.  .\I 

,  U.ick 

Lull.  - 

f32M) 

aol,ir  likOO  2. 

All 

m>t  l.Mh.  A( 

11  nml 

ij  r.  J 

I.,  lihu 

k  l.ulb 

-fai'.O  ami  -(-30\0 

milar 

linht  3 

.'\li(l  2. 

Au 

gn-n  17(li.  Til 

11  yiiiiii 

;  icii  W 

,irs  .1 1 

laii. 

HE  CO  Kit   AND    DISCUSSION'   OF   TE  .M  PK  K  A  TU  P.  E  S. 


4i) 


l\i:\lllNc.S  OF  TMF.   lil.AiK   lill.ll  TmKUMiiMKTF.II,   AND  CCHUKSPi  iNIiINd  NuTK.-i  (IN  TIIK  SnI.AIl   1, 

diisKiivKi)  AT  Van  Hkxsski.akji  IIahikiu, 

In  Auj,'nst  iiiid  Si'|iti'inlK'i',  Is.'il,  in  l.iit.  '>i'^  :i7',  l.uiiir.  7u^  ;'>:!'  W.  nf  (■ivcnwiili. 

Kxpn'ssed  in  ilogivi's  of  l''iilircnla'it'.s  sfulc.     On  lnjiiril  lliu  liiii;. 


l-il,  'Jl.!, 


.il-l,  1-1. 


-(-Il.ll 


+'j:i,. 


7 

8 

II 
10 
11 

NmOII 
1    1 

u 

IS 
Hi 
J7 

18 

in 

•jii 


Mi.ln't 


:ii;. 

■Ill, 
11. 
:v.i 
•in, 
411. 
41.1 
4-J,i 
4'«,( 
4;(,i 
4-, I 
M.I 
Ti-.i 
4:i.i 
47.1 
HIM 


,ii-)-:iil.o 

n  :i7,iP 

II  H7.li 

11  ;ts.o 

11  :il..'i 

(I  41.(1 

II  :n.ii 

II  Sii.ii 

11     :i-.ii 
114-41. M 


-fliiii 
:;i.ii 
-I'.ll 

:ii.o 
■    'j.-i.ti 

i;7.ii 


24,11 
24.11 
42.11 
41.11 

4il.ll 
4:1.11 
4:1.11 
.12." 
41.11 

:i:i.ii 


:il.ii,    ... 
:)7.o     ... 
:ii!.ii -1-41.11 
:t4.ii      42.11 


+■111.11 
:>ii.ii 
IN. 11 
:i'.i.ii 

H-i.ll 

:i7.ii 


r.ii 


411.(1     ;i,-).ii 
ii-'.ii     ... 


:n.(i 
:i;i.(i 

4.'i.ii 


+:u.(i 


-|-:i4.. 
:)2.i 
:u.i 
:>,''i,i 
:iii,i 
:<ii,i 
:iii.i 
:il.i 

:n'i 


+i' 


:il. 
:i4. 


+  .;.( 


i+l:u 
1  21. ( 
I      2n 

:i:i 
:(l 


,11  21. 
11  211. 
,0     22. 

,11      17. 

,•.  1.;. 
.^.+ii. 


1+211.11 
1  21.(1 
1  2.').(i 
1  2,*<.ii 
1  :i:i.o 
I  :iii,(i 
I  2:1.11 
■.+2.;.ii 


+I11 
II 
u 
17 
24 

2ii, 
:iii, 

2!l. 
+27: 


+11..0 

ll.(i-f-i:i.ci 


0+1,', 


(1     4,1.11 

(1     .'17.(1 

(I     :il.(i 

(1     ;i:i.ii 

11    :il.ii 

m.d 

;iii.ii 

+27 


+  11 
liJ.i 
211.1 
2M 
2:i.( 
2ii,( 
22.( 
31.1 
17 

+-:7 


-}-■■• 


+.):J.i. 


+27.11 


+■- 


!:■. 

».ii  211. 
.11  I'.i. 
■..'+l<. 


1  21.1 
1  1:1.1 
1+17.1 


■ill  Till  -V.;.         MMi.        Uii, 


I  1 

1  1  '11  1 

1  I  -,1  I 


14 


17 


Mi.ln't 


•  ZiTi. 


AiiifUKt  l:itli.  Til. 


iit.M.I..  I.. 


.tiii;.-r  nmv. 


•itli.r  Willi  lil ■.■111T..11I.      IlLi.k  luill.  :it  ;l.  In,  II.  12  A.  M. 


:ii ;  :!2 ', 


:I4';  solur  liclit,  4,  4, 


AuKU.-it  2111I1.  llla.k  l.iilli  ,11  :l,  4,  ,'i  1'.  .M.,  4.'. 


.il.ir  lijlil.4.  4.  :l. 


August  22.1.   Ill.nik  l.ulli  at  In,  11,  12  A.  M.,  ;),V,  ill!',  2:i';  solar  liulit,  ;1,  2.  1. 

.\:inusl  241I1.   Uy  fal.nllati.iii,  tin'  lowt-r  liiiili  of  tin*  sun  jiml  gnazi's  tlii>  liori/.ni  ;it  tliu  n.H'llii> 


i.liaii. 


Auiinnt  2.'>tli.   Kla.k  l.iilli  at  : 


A.M.,  2S',  2S  , 


2'i'.5,  ;in';  s.ilar  li^lit,  ». 


AiKust  2.''itli,  2t:tli,  271I1.  :lntli,  aii.l  Si.pti.inlu.r  2.1.  li.l,  I'll!.  No  olisoivalinus. 


'':! 


.'I 


r.o 


It  K  CO  I,  I)   AND   DISCUSSION   OF   Tim  I' i:  I!  A  TU  K  K  S. 


IJkAIUNIIS  hF  TMK  !'>I  ACK   111  I. II  TllKllMiiMKTKU  ANM  ciiHllCsl'iiNlUNd  NuTKS  (iN  TlIK  SnI.All  I.lllMT — 

Coiiliiiiiril  Mini  cKiapli'li'd. 

Sipl.  I-.'.    At  i;''  ,  T,  X,  '.K  1".  I  I.  U'.  1,  -J,  :!,  I.  :>''  :  V:  1!-   f  H\  \2.  Ix.  -Jl.  ■.'.!.  -Jl,  I'.i,  L>^.  H'..  1  I.  I:!.  S" 

s.  I,.     :i ,    1.    I,    1,    I,    I,    I,    1,    1,  J 

I!,  r..  +  J  ,  7.  -Jii. :;:;.  .-ii,  :\\,  ;'.:i,  :ii,  -j^. . . ,  i.>,  n; ' 

si,        I,     I.     1,     1,     1.     1,     1,     1.     1,       ,     1,     1 


Si'iK.  |:;,    Smimc  lidiirs 


S'l-i,  1 1  iiiHl  i:..    \.),  oi,..,i-w,ii..iiv 

Sr|,i.  h;     Ai  -  A.  M  ,  I,  ■-',  :;  i".  M.; 

Sqii.  i;     Ai  1.  J.  I.  :<  r  M  : 

S('|ll.  l-i,  N',1  ulKil-lMli.Miv 

Srpl.  111.    Al  II  ami  I'.'  A.  M   : 

Sqil.  -Jii.     Al   II   A.  M    anil  :!  aial  I  I'    M 

Si'pl,  -Jl.    Al  '.1,  111.  IJ  A.M.; 

Sr|.l.  JJ.  Al   IJ.  1.  J  IV  M  : 

Sept.  L':l.    Ai  III.  II.  I-'  A    M  : 

Si|i|.  -Jl.  ■-'.■>.  -Ji;     N.I  nli^,  rvaticiiH. 

S,.|,i.  ■:;.     Al   III.  II.  1-.'  .\,  M   : 

S,|.t.  -jx.  Al   1  1   .\    M  ; 


r.  11  t  i.i  ,   li',  IT,  I  I    ;   S  I.  I,  1,  I,  I 

I'..  II  t  I'.i  .  ii;,  I  !.  ;i  ;    s.  1.  I.  I,  I.  J 

i;.  r..  (  11  .  i:i  ;  s  1,  1.  I 

11.  11.  +!•  ,  l-i.  .'■   :  S.  I..  :.  :i,  :i 

II.  r.  +>'  ,  11.  Is    ;  S  I,.  1,  1.  1 

11  11  +-Jir.  Ill,  1:!°;  S  I.  1,  J.  :; 

II  11  -f J   .  il.:..  .">";  S  1.  :;,  I,  1 

11.  II.  ,  I.;  ,  i:;.  111  ;  s  1..  I,  I.  J 

11  11  +  l:l    ;  S.  I,.  ■: 


Si'pl.  j:i.  liii.  llri.   I,  t.i  1  1.    No  iilisiT\ali.Mi>  nf  llii'  liliuk  liiilli  I  Iniiniiiiiili  r 

Oct.   I.-.      Al    II  ali.l  IJ  A    M    :  11    1!.  -:;   ,   -    I  ';  S    I,    I.   1 

Till'  lilaik  lilllli  rrai|ili}.'<  «ili'  ili-i. 'li.  ■iilinl  iMi  (dl.    I  ~ 

/A./VKv/  /./'  'Dmpt  i-itliin  irii/i  r.h  ntliiiii. — ■lirailiii.i:.'*  ul'  tin'  triiiiiriMtiii'c  at  tin' 
li'Vrl  lit'  the  MM,  ami  at  ti,L;lit_\  Irct  clcvatidii  mi  tlir  iiia.'^t  of  l!u'  liii.u'.  wi'i'f  taki'ii 
tliii'iiiL'  till'  iiiniitlis  of  AiiL'ii:-!.  Sfptciiiln'r.  ami  (Ktnlur,  IS").'!.  TlifNc  nlisiTviitiim.s 
wiic  inaili'  \\itli  tlic  .-atiu'  tlicrinonii'ti  r  at  tlic  iiiiprr  ami  Icivmt  ]nisitii)ii.  Tin; 
li'll'iwiiiir  ai'i'  tlif  iiiraii  ililli'irin'i'-  nlitaiiii'il  limn  twi'lvr  nli.-i'ivaticiiis  (lii-lniiii-lv )  it 
ila_\  |lii' llic  lllll|ltll.•^  .\iii;ii>l.  Si  ptciii'ic  r.  anil  Oi'tdliii',  ill  tlu'  twii  [lo.'^ilion.-* ;  — 0  .11. 
— II  .I'lT.  ami  — (l".-iti,  llic  miiiiis  s'il'ii  imliratiiiLr  '■  cuIiIit  alHivi'."  Wf  liavf,  tluTc- 
liiir,  liir  an  cli'valion  uf  fiLrlity  I'cct,  an  avfia,L;c  clianuc  ul'  — "  .•'■7  of  |rni|iriatiiri' 
(liiiinj:  tln'.-^i'  tlil'i'i'  imintli.'^;  ur  tlic  cli'vatidii  <'urri>iiiimliiii:  t<i  a  liirrcasf  nt'  tiin- 
|i(iatniv  of  1"  l''alir.  Im'ckiius 'Jill  Hct. 

Siirhir,  ']'■  min  nihil-'  i/  Su  \\',ih  r. — 'I'lic  lollnwiii.L'  talilf  cuntaiii.-*  tlir  iiican 
iii'inthh  valine,  iVmn  li'iiirjv  nliMiv  .ilinn.-^,  ul'  llic  t('in|irialinr  of  the  siurarc  watt'i' 
ill  \  an  llrii-Mlari-  Uaii'cir.  On  tlic  I'.Uli  nl'  Oi'ldlxT.  I>"il.  an  niilrr  was  ;ji\vii  to 
iliiiiM'i  l;i'  tin'  llii'lliliiim'tiT  Hiiii-  lict  lirluw  llif  mii  laic.  (  >n  tlir  iiir\  imis  ila_\ ,  the 
watiT  alnii'.;-iili'  jiavc  at  tin'  suilai't'  '\'J.° ;  at  lliii'i'  Irct  i|ri'[i.  iill  .-i.  .M'tcf  Nnvciii- 
liiT  "JTtli.  till'  irailiii'i.s  icinail'.ini:  rnii^tuiil  al  I  'J'.'  ,  tlic  iiI'mTV  atimis  wnc  ilis- 
ciinliniii  il. 


I 


l".'i:i    S' |.ti  iiiIh'i- 

0.i,,l„r  .      -.'x.s 

N.nciiil.iM'  .      L's  7 

lliriliilK  T  .       Js  7 

l>-.M     .laiiuary  .  J'- 7 

l''liniary         .  L"<.7 

Maivl,    ....  js  7 

April  Jx  H 

Tlir  imli'X  rirnf  III'  tlirfimiiiii'ti'i-  i.»  imt  kiioun;   it  inii.-t  lie  small. 

Fur  a  liicliiniliai'V  prdji'd  of  tin'  i^ntluiiiial  liiif.x  ul'  liailin's  lJa_\  ami  luljacciit 
isliimls,  (■lln^t^n^t^ll  tiir  caili  immtli  ul'llir  u-ar,  tin'  nailci'  i.-*  ri'l'cnril  to  Appcmii.s 
No.  XIII.  of  till'  '-M  \'o\    of  till'  Nanalivi'. 


I  v.  I      .May 

.Ilia.'       . 
.Inly 

All,L'l|-l 

Siptilaiicr 
OiMi.Iht 
.NdH'IuIht 
Dril'llllllT 


js    ;i 

:iii..l 

;!J.;i 

ol.S 

:il.;i 
;;ii.',) 
•j'.t.ii 


A  i'n:N  1)1  \ 


(S.'i-  iim|.-  i.ri  prr'-'iliiiu'  paL'*-  -.) 


l',.rlrirrl  ffiiii  .l;.;.M.(/c  .V...  ,\7.  •J.'l  <;,lmy  :,l'  lln    Snrrnlirr,  /,,   |(i;i,  mi  llif  lirl.rmi'inlim,  nf 

'rrnil«rnhiyi:< 

*         *■  *  *  Sill    i;i>H Mill  I'Miia.  Mini  iimii'  iici'iil    Ari'li''  vnyn'.'i'i'-,  liiivc  ^liown   lliiil 

tliiTc  U  11  ilifl'i  Tciic'c.  luiiiiiiiilin;.'  sciiiiclinio  In  (no  i|r).;rir>,  lirlwri'ii  tin'  1riii|i<'i'iiliin's  iiiljiii'i'iil  tn,  iiml  lit 
II  dishiiii'i'  rrniii,  till'  vessel,     'I'liis  was  iiliiiiiiliiiiily  eoiiliniieil  liy  mil'  exiierieiiee.      During  the  intense  cnlil 

of  (iiir  Hiiileis,  llie    inslriiiniiils   I anie  very  iin|iressilile  tn   iirlirieiiil   elevnlion   of  ti'inpenilnre.      'I'lie 

ii|i|iriiiieli  iifilie  nli-i  rvei'.  lie'  im'  uI'  the  liiiileni,  the  nei.j|il..irh.iMi|  of  iirlirles  tnKen  fnini  ii  lienled  nimrl- 
iiii'iil,  iVe,  A''.,  well'  111  iiiii'i-  |peree|iiilili<  in  imr  reeonls. 

K\ie|it  ill  iiuviil  (">|Mi|ilinns,  Ai'clie  leiiipeniliires,  wheihi'i'    A-ialie  or   Anieriiaii,  have  1 ii  reennlril 

Hilli  II  liiiiiliil  iiiinilier  uf  iiislriiiiieni-.  The  resiill^  nl'  tlie-e  niiisl  lie  ii'e'iveil  willi  evlreiiie  eaiilinii  ;  for 
the  ililTi  reiiees  wliieli  aleiphiilie  tlieniMHiiel,  rs  exlilliit.  at  leniiieratiires  lie'  nv  the  l'reey.iii)r  pniiil  nl' iiiereiiry, 
Ml-.'  -II  Miryiie,'  n-^  td  require  a  hir^re  iiiiiiiImt  nf  eiiiii|iarisuiis,  ami  iipn  i  iiiaiiy  iiislniinents,  In  ileteniiiiie 
their  pr"|wr  eiirri'''iiciii.      It  was  mil  iineiuniniiii  fur  therniuinelers  wliieli  Innl  ^Iveii  iis  ecirrei't  iinil  iiL'ree. 

inu  teiii|ieriitiip's  a.s  luw  ns  — UP,  In  show  at  —^I'pli"  ililVerei s  nl' rriini  lit'lii'ii  In  Iwenty  cleyrees,     Siieli, 

Inn,  uiis  the  ease  willi  the  well-cniislriieliil  iiisininieiils  uf  Sir  ilaines  IJoss  at  I,eci|inli|  lliu'lmr. 

'I'll  five  nil  exHiiiple  nf  this,  I  may  refer  In  the  re<'nnl  of  six  lliennoineters  siispeiiileil  near  eaeh  nllier, 
II-  alinve  ilex'rilieil,  ami  nli-ii'Mij  |',,r  piirpn-rs  nf  eninparisnii  at  m"iii  l-'eliriiary  .'uh,  l>.i4. 

— ;l    ,         — r,:;  .         --.M   ,  — .Mi',         — .'iii',         ami — m\^. 

All  nf  tliese,  at  tempi'raliires  iilnne  — I"',  iijrni'il  wilhiii  1  >,  ami  were  ,-e|ei  lul  a-  the  imi-l  n.n-i.iriii 
nf  nearly  thirty  .-pirit  llieriiiniiieters. 

At  '.t  A  M.  nf  the  same  ilay.  eleven  similar  Ihermnmiti'rs  j;ave,  iimler  like  eiiTninslaiiee-,  i  mean  iif 
CiK'^,  the  extreme  reailin(;s  N'iiifr  — riCi'.  1  ami  — SiP.  Knr  the  purpose  nf  niaaliiiiijr  llie  iiinsl  prnliaMe 
lelll|»'rallire  :'rnm  these  enlillielill);  recnnis,  my  lirst  impulse  was  In  re.lll't  the  Inwesl  (enhlest)  exlri'lnes. 
ami  lake  liie  mean  nf  thnse  wliieli  aeedrileil  li-st ;  liilt  iipnn  ailvisiiii^  willi  niir  a.slrniinnier,  Mr.  Snimlat:, 
I  ileteriiiiiied  tn  lake  the  mean  nf  all  withmit  rejiftinj;  any,  the  view  wliieh  he  Innk  lieiiii;  simply  llial 
Ihnso  inslnimenls  wliieli  lialieateil  the  extremes  in  the  Inw  seale  hiiil  never,  in  temperatures  almve  — 111 ', 
slmwii  any  aiinmaly  wliieli  ilepriveil  tliem  nf  an  eipial  elaim  tn  ennliilenee  with  the  res|.  ami  thai  there 
was  iin  rea-mi.  ii  /i-i"ri,  In  '.iiisiclir  the  iv-iilis  wlii'h  they  jrave  as  less  prnlialile  lliaii  tlin>e  shown  liy 
the  nllier- 

In  II  wnril,  1  ailnpleil  Ih..  vj.nvs  of  I'rnfes-nr  .\iry.  as  palili-heil  in  llie  '.'.'illi  ii'iinler  nf  the  .|«ienr()/i 
AftmiKiiiih  III  .Iniiniiil.  The  causes  which  hail  prmlaceil  tin'  errors  were  iiio-ily  iinknonn,  ami  the 
i|iianlily  to  which  ihesi'  ermrs  iiiifilil  amniiiit  was  entirely  so. 

Iliir  Ihermomelers  were  iiniile  with  ^'real  eare  liy  Tairliahiii',  nf  New  Vnrk.  lint,  imiepemlently  nf  other 
iiieclianieal  sniini's  nf  error,  I  am  oliliu'iil  In  say  that  I  iln  not  re>raril  the  oonlraetion  nf  enloreil  alcohol. 


at  very 


Inw  I 


einperaliircs,  a-  sii 


Oiiieiiily  iiivestii;ateil  to  emilplo  lis  tn  arrive  at  the  causes  or  the  i|iiaiiiiiy 


nf  error.  In  mnsi  nf  llie  spirit  ihermomelers,  the  uniform  thieknes.s  of  the  tiilie  was  tested  licfore  leav- 
inp  New  York;  and  the  frnzinir  of  cardiilly  di.-tilled  inereiiry.  which  I  had  taken  willi  me  for  llie  pur- 
pose, pave  excellent  deleriiiimilinns  nf  alisoliile  lempcratun. 

Itiit  it  may  not  lie  iiiiintere.slinp  In  state  that  the  freczinp  point  of  this  metal  varied  hetwei'ii  — .IS".,") 
and  — 41°. 5,  and  that  its  rale  of  contraction  as  n  solid  was  so  uniform   that,  in  onr  loiifr  and  e.xccl- 


|-  •     ill 


■A      '11 


iH 


K !•: conn  and  d i s c u s s i o n  o f  t k m r k r a t u h i: s. 


lent  3(1  iiicli  sliiiiiliml^',  it  (leTfCiuli'il  aftor  frceziiip  ns  low  ns  — 44°.  This  fc-ult  is  in  nn'cirflanrr  with 
that  olilnineil  hy  8ir  Kchvanl  Hrldicr,  wliosp  px]ii>rimpnt«  po  even  fiirllior  than  my  own,  the  nicrciiry 
havinp  liocn  olwcrvi'il  liy  liiin  In  (k'si'ciid  as  low  as  ■ii\'^  liolow  zero. 

1  may  nirnli'in  the  fact,  as  in  smiii'  (Icurcc  (■(inlirniint;  llic  iirDprii'ly  of  nut  iwi'lndiiip  an  ('('(M'hlfii' 
iTstilt  ri'iini  till'  nini|inlali"M  (pf  nii'ans,  that  twn  in'  nmi'c  inslrninrnts  nuiy  aprcc  will  toirclhcr  anil  still 
(liflVr  ciinsidi'i-iilily  IVuin  the  nmst  pnilialili'  tonniiM'alnri's.  This  was  the  case  with  two  lonp  spirit  lliiT 
laiiinctprs,  wliii'h  iii'ViT,  even  al  the  IdhcsI  ti'ni|ii'nitni'('s,  sliowi'd  ilillVrfniTS  nnmnnlinp  tn  one  (Ifjrri'c, 
luit  which,  at  — ('iH°,  vafii'il  T^.T  fiMin  the  nu'an  of  I'li'Vcn  othi'rs.  The  cansc  was  in  this  instance  easily 
cx|ihiinci|.  The  twn  inslrninents  were  /iir-.s/zm'/i's  uf  each  nlher;  any  emu's  iif  ilivininn  of  the  scale,  or 
fi'iini  the  une(|nal  eonlraclion  of  the  llniil,  which  was  the  sanu'  in  liolh,  ami  the  same  in  i|inintily,  ami 
prohalily  taken  from  the  ^ame  [ircparation  of  spirits,  w<;re  ofconr.se  cmnaion  to  lioth.  The  error  imha'cd 
liy  the  eolorini;  iinitter  of  the  llniil  ailherin;;  in  small  particles  to  the  sides  of  the  Inlie  iK-caine  very  marked 
at  low  tempcratnres.  Onr  rontine  of  daily  oliservation  was  as  follows:  Two  'M  inch  repister  spirit 
lliermoTneters  were  nolwl  hourly,  as  well  as  a  varying  iinmlier  of  inslrnments  of  sandier  size.  l''or  pur- 
ports of  comparison,  the  loap  spirit  thermometers  nial  from  live  to  twelve  of  the  ollwrs,  in  selcclcd 
V'ronps,  were  (renerally  read  at  the  same  tina'.  The  din'ercnee  lietween  the  mean  of  ihe.'^e  oliservations 
ami  the  readinir  of  any  one  in'-lrnna'iil,  pave  the  correction  whieli  was  applied  to  that  instrntnent  in 
order  to  iret  the  true  or  nio-t  prulialilc  temperature.  ****** 


PAKT    II. 


DJKECTIOX  AND  FORCE  OF  THE  y\l}^D. 


fill 


■.'■i 


m 


I  i  11 


I 


m 

in 


I 

6 


p. 


iij 


'P 

1^ 


IM'COIil)  AM)  DISITSSIOX  OF  TIIK  DlltKCTION  AM)  FOItCK  OF  TIIK  WIND. 


:  t| 


Tin:  (il)scrviili(ins  (if  the  iliivcliDii  iiml  force  ol"  tlic  wind  at  \'iiii  lU'iissclucr 
lliirlior,  Ninth  (ii'i'rnliind,  cxtciul  ovit  tlie  same  lu'riod  as  tlio  otliiT  iiu'totiiolojiical 
oliscrvatioiis,  vi/. :  from  Si'iiti'iiilici-  1st.  iSo.",,  to  .N[ay  1st,  lSo5.  With  few  cxci'p- 
tioiis,  tii('si>  olisi'ivatioiis  wcri'  iiiadf  iiourly,  Hiid  thfir  record  available  for  discus- 
sion, estemls  to  .lauiiary  -llli,  iSo').  Those  tak<'U  aftiT  this  date  will  he  found 
rii'ordiMJ  (three  times  a  ilay)  in  A|i|iendix  No.  XII.  of  the  second  volume  of  the 
Narrative  of  the  Kvpedition. 

No  seif-Pfiiisleiinj^  aneinoMietrii-  instrunient  was  used.  Tlie  direction  of  the 
wind  is  ;riven  nncoiicclcd  for  nia^;netic  variation  of  tlie  needle,  and  wa^  noted  in 
ri'ference  to  eij:ht  iirincipal  points  of  tlie  compass.  The  course  of  the  wind  lliu.s 
fiiven  refers  to  tlie  lower  or  surface  .stratum  of  the  atmosphere.  The  force  of  the 
wind  has  heen  eslimaled  as  near  as  possihle  according'  to  a  scale  extending  IVoiu 
1  to  IH;  the  former  numher  indicatiuL'  light  airs,  the  latter  a  hurricane.  Zero 
denotes  a  calm  air.  These  liuini's,  expressive  of  the  relative  fcu'ce  of  the  wind,  ai'e 
placed  in  IVimt  of  the  letters  indicating'  tln'  direction,  as  given  hy  its  initial  letter, 
and  their  relation  to  the  velocit\'  and  pressure  of  the  wind  is  shown  in  the  follow- 
iiiL'  talilr.  nscil  in  the  I'nited  States  Coast  Survev .' 


i 

in 


ll.«,.»l.,,th.. 

.'K  WlM> 

.v'." 

,l.'.l 

Cr.—  .lf", 
|.  ..i.„l.  |».r 
..,ii..r.-r....l 

II 

I...'|IV   II 
.1,  .  i.iT 
li-iiir 

Ill  \.i,ll\  ITI.'H 
..1    WIM, 

iiii.il.-.i 
■  1  |..ri'.. 

C,,...,ii..  1 

1 ml-  1" 

-  (ii.iri.  f.... 

1            \".|-..ilV    111 

mil.--  i-T 
li..iir 

(•:illii    .... 

1) 

l>. 1 

11 

I'VrsIl  i1.ll,.     .       . 

,; 

■.:• 

411 

l.iJit  ;iir        .      . 

1 

ll.dll.'i 

1 

1   Siriiiii:  i.m1ii  .     . 

I 

IJ." 

fill 

il.'i.il.'  I.rv.-/.'      . 

'J 

O.IIS 

1 

Sturm       .     .     . 

s 

l«.ii 

i;ii 

.M.-I.i  il.-  I.r.-i'i.. 

a 

0.11 

l:l 

•r,-,ii|.|.<t       .     . 

l.l 

:u.ii 

«ii 

Kiv:.!,  I,r..«..       . 

4 

'J.ti 

•:i 

Iluriii':iiii'    .     . 

ll> 

■I'.i.ii 

Inn 

Sli..Mk-  I.Jl.'t.'       . 

■'' 

f..l 

... 

'I'lie  relation  of  tlu'  t.iliular  numliers  of  pressure  and  velocity  is  according  to 
Smeaton's  tahle,  and  is  piai'tically  the  same  as  that  following  from  H.  Hernoulli's 
formula.-  It  may  he  i[nestioned  whether  the  upiii'r  limit  (No.  lU)  of  the  aliove 
table  has  been   reached   aiiioug  the   few  observations   marked  It)  in   this  latitude; 


m 


Til, 


nil'  iif  uiiiils  iiilii|i|ril  liv  till'  Siiiillisiiiiiiiii    liisliliiliiiii  lines  lint  liiiltrriiilly  ililVi'i'  frniii  il ; 


ilim-llniis  nil  ihi'  liliiiik   t'lii'iiis  l'iiriii>lii'ii  In  nliMTvris.     Tin'  Cnii-I    SiiI'vrv  liilili'  will  lie  fniliiil  |i.  •!', 
llli'  .'SlIluTilitrllili'lirs  .Auillllll  IJi'lnirt  111'    lS;"ii;. 

''  Sit  iii'l.  .Mi'li'iirnlnjiv,  in  Hiirvrliilni'ilia  lii'itaiiiili'ii,  sill  I'llilinii. 


Hi 


ftfl 


It i: conn  and  discushiu.n  or  fohck  of  wind. 


mill,  And'  the  I'on'c  of  tlic  wiiul  (K'Ih'IkIh  iiltii^ftlu'r  iin  an  I'Mtiiimtion,  I  iircfcr,  in 
till'  sniiiU  luiinlicr  of  ciisom  in  wiiicii  tiiu  luici's  tl  iind  HI  ncciir,  to  uilii|it  tlu;  niini- 
biTM  7(1  and  SO  iim  tlio  oonv.s[)i)n(lin^  vi'locity  in  iiiiU's  por  hour.' 

Ill  till-'  rollnwiii:;  lidiii'ly  iii).stract  of  tlic  anonioiiii'trii'  oiisiTvatioiis,  tlii'  iliri'ctinn 
is  iiitlii'iili-'ii  liy  till'  initial  lottor  or  k'tti'is  of  tin'  I'lmiiiiiMS  iioiiit,  and  tlii"  lorci'  \ty  a 
iiiiinlii'r  lui'i'i'diiii:  if.  ari'oiiliii^'  to  tlii'  ncali'  j;i\i'n  aliovi".  Any  iiitrniii'diati'  diici'- 
tiiiiiH,  dividiiij,'  till'  t'iiin[ia.ss  into  lii  iiDinls,  havo  liron  placi'd  altiinatfly  in  tliu 
ciiliiiiin  t)i' the  pivi'i'dinj;  and  riil!i)win>r  iiriiii'ipal  diri'ction ;  thus  two  xiii'i'i'Hsivi' 
I'litrii's  in  tin'  Iol'-IhioU  hI'  N.  N.  V,..  will  lio  liuind  notid  in  tlio  ali.«ti'ai't  as  N.  I'l. 
and  N.  Ill  tliis  niniiiiiT  tin-  iiii'aii  iliii'rtinn.-i  luivi'  in  all  casrs  liccn  pic-iTvcd. 
'riii'S(!  iiiti'iiiii'diati'  iliii'i'tions  aii'  of  coiiiparativi'ly  rare  nci'inii'iii'i'.  In  ii  li'w 
Inslaiici'H,  partiriilaily  diiiiiif.'  tlio  liist  ti-n  days  (of  St'pti'inlKTl,  tlu'iv  is  sonii'  doulit 
as  to  till'  tnii'  iiitaniiia  of  a  Maiik  in  tlu'  lo;.',  all  otlu'r  ini'ti'Di'oloL'iial  uIisitx  atioiis 
bi'iiij;  duly  ivi'orili'il.  wlu'tliiT  this  indii'ali's  a  oalin  or  an  omission  of  obMiTVivtion. 
Ill  tliosi"  I'asi's,  I  liavi'  likiwiM'  It'll  a  Maiik  in  tlio  rcrord.  if  not  otlicruisc  (.'iiidi'il 
liy  till'  alislract  ^.'ivi'ii  in  Appi'iidix  No.  XII.  of  tlii'  Narialisi'.  Tin'  liist  Vfrtii'al 
foliniin  ill  till'  abstiai't  contains  tin-  hour  of  mean  local  tiinc.  Horizontal  dashes 
(---)  in  the  body  of  the  aiistract  indicate  '•  no  observation,"  and  two  inverti'd 
coiiiinas  ( '•  )  .signify  the  same  force  and  direction  as  for  the  hour  iiiiinediatcly  pie- 
ccdiiiir.     The  fall  of  snow  (.'iiid  rain)  is  al>o  iicited. 


'   Mr.  S.iiiiitii|:'s  \ii'»>  nil  lliis  <iil'j>'cl   iiLTci'  »illi  iiiiiii';  lir  thinks  llir  funr.s  riillirr  ciKT-rsliiiiiiliil, 
|.ri'iliii  I'd  l.y  till'  LTiiitiT  .«i'iiMili.iii  111'  (•"111. 


itiM'oitP  ANit  i)is(  rssutx  OF  riuicp;  ok  \vi\it. 


67 


IMllKl  ill 

\  AMI 

Imiihi; 

tV  TIIK  WlMi  1 

llsKIIVKII  .\T  V 

\\  1!k\ 

.SKL.VKII   II  Ml  III  111, 

111  8 

'Iiti'iniii 

V.  I.h;.;j 

.  in  l.iit,  7H'  :\ 

•',  l.-iitf.  7(1"  ." 

.1'  W.  1 

r  Uri'niwirll.' 

Tlir  (linrtiurM  urr  miiKm-lii'. 

\'ii|-iatiii|i  III'  1 

llll|IU.« 

ins"  W. 

Il.'iir 

l-r             ^.1              M 

Mil 

\\\t 

M\             7lli. 

:          1 

Hill.         mil 

Inth 

Mill             I'Jill. 

mil.     {    mil 

IMIi 

1  i;. 

Ih. 

1     .  -  -         ;i  N.      :i  N.  \V. 

It       .;  s.  w 

J  .N.  W.        II 

1\V. 

J  \V.        2  W. 

11 

II 

•2 
1 

1      ••              '•         J  .V.  W. 
1  N,  W. 

" 

<.♦ 

"»     ;i  s.  \V. 

:l  N.  K.        •' 

!• 

II             II 
...          '* 

II 
II 
II 

" 

•i 

Tl 

■2N,  \V.  ;iN.W.»        . 

'• 

i>» 

4  ?'.  W. 

1  X.  i:. 

•1           n 

II 

1  f  E 

2K, 

ti 

:iN.<   '      ■• 

" 

" 

M  S.  \V. 

.t         ., 

'• 

2  H.  K 

"       i 

' 

7 

•       •J.V.W.*       " 

» 

tl 

11                             ■! 

0                  ■' 

<• 

1.              II 

'. 

1> 

1  .\.  \V.      LI  .N. 

A  N.    ;;  N.  \v. 

„ 

„ 

1  s.  w. 

I  H.  W.  :;  H.  \V. 

1  .N.  \V. 

II        I  .\.  W 

„ 

II              " 

II             ..» 

II                      .in 

1*1 

1  N. 

>> 

■' 

•  •                                   M 

4  N. 

1.              .1 

ll»    1 

4  '•. 

II 

1  N.  W. 

t» 

" 

■Z  7i.  \V.  'Z  H.  \V. 

••       4  N.  W 

1  \V 

II         1        II ., 

:> )'.. 

N'..MU 

1  N. 

" 

•' 

M                                   M 

!!      •'  ■'''■ 

Ii              1' 

1     "« 

•Hi. 

1.1 

I  N.W.  r.  N.W. 

»< 

1  N.  W. 

'■*      :i  (•:.• 

.1 

>» 

(      ' 

1  K. 

It 

I,-. 
M 

>•                >.         1        It 

•' 

:is.  \V.       '■• 
r.  s.  \v.    1  1-1. 

II       II 
II       11 
II    1    II 

'  :: 

;; 

II 

44             1           It 
41               1             44 

II 

17 

4  \V.    4  N.  W. 

<•» 

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I'ivviou,-.|y  from  th*'  SM.  «t't 

ill  friiui 

.1.1..  s.  i; 

Thf  tlioniiinut'ti'r  iiistftutly  lo,...'  | 

-  .1,  ftii'l  l>y  ll  r.  M.  ^Civt'  UH  tl 

.'  I'xtranr 

liiKiry 

(•ni|»- 

;itiir.-  <>r  — :.  .4.     Tliis,  wli.'i 

1  i'om|i;i 

v.l  ivith 

ho  rocor.l  of  tin 

'J4th  iiist..  nhirli  1 

^.'ivt'  ft  tiiiniiiiiini  of —41  '.h,  rtluiwrt  a  i  li;ink:i'  <il'  ;t 

;  .4. 

This  ffftvt  is  .iuo  to  tth<  S.  K 

wiii.l,  n 

11. 1  is  Hoiut.tiiui'.s  iiuicli  m-irc  e-xcessive."          | 

t  "Thu  wiii.l  i.<  from  tlii'  SM, 

Aiul  the  tt 

inpt'iat 

iin'  »i 

iitimu'^  r'sitifi ;  l>y  !>  A,  M.  n 

lo-il.iy 

t  litt.aiiie 

i  its  iiia.xiiuiiui  ( 

f+r.O.     At  this 

tfiiiiioratiiri',  tilt' (leek  hmisn  hi 

nw  thft^Tf 

1  am) 

'fi'AIll 

•  vt-ry  wet  ;   snow  frll   fri'i'ly 

This  S 

.  wiiul  is 

very  .slii;ht,  aii.l 

jipiwirt'iitly  i-auiiot 

sAtisfftctorily  .in'iimit  for  this  li 

'Vi;itioii  V 

r  ii'uip 

LTjttur 

■,  as  wf  liavc  tuul  it  >  oiit^tai 

itly  troll 

tlii.s  i|tli 

rlor  without  sui 

h  1'iroi.t.     Wo  all 

wiilliT  nnu:Ii  from  hc;it. 

fiO 


RKTOTSn   AXn   PISCUSSIOX   OF   FORCK   OF   WIND. 


nillFrTMN  .\Mi  l-'(i|{( 

;  iiF  iiiK 

\VlMt  dltSKItVKIi  AT   V 

VN    I!kN>i>K1  .VKll 

II.MIIliiH, 

III   IlciclulK'r,    I'" 

i:!.  ill  l.iit 

.  7^     ;i7'.  I.niitr.  70"  .'' 

!'  W.  uf  (inii'iiwii-li. 

'I'lic  ilircdiii 

l.'i  nri'  iiiiiiriK'lii'.      \';iriiitiii|i  uf  ciiiniuis.s  jn^  '  W. 

II.  .ir 

1.1            -j.l             :i.l             ti\,            Mh 

i-iii 

Titl                     -111                     'Mlt 

imi.           mil 

l-.'ili 

lull 

Mill               l.'.lli 

i'' 

■1  N.  K.   -^  S.  \V.       11         :;  N.  \V.    :i  .~.  1- 

11 

0                (1                <> 

•J  s.  li.     'J  s.  Ii.» 

U  S.  li. 

l!  S.  li. 

11                    II 

•t 

1  .N.  !■:.                    1  .-;.      1  N.  W.    .1  S.  1- 
IS.W.         ••                             2>.\- 

:<.  W.                                1  \V. 
1  w.                   ■  •       •:  w. 

11              n        L'N.W."     1  \V. 

1  \v. 

1  s. 

.. 

1  s.  Ii.» 

1  S.  Ii.         ij  s. 
11             II 

it  S.  li. 
II 

:i  N.  li. 

:i  s.  li. 
1  s.  li. 

.. 

7 

.'i  N.\v.»  ■^  s.  w 

1  N. 

1  s  li. 

111 

4  N.  W.«     :l  s. 
::.~.  K.  :n.\v.      1  N.        1  s 
1  H.  i:.    1  s.  i:.  1  .\.  \v. 

1  N.W. 

I) 

1  s. 

■:  s.  li. 

1  S.  li.          1  s. 

■Z  N.  li. 
II 

11 

1  s.  K. 

11 

II           ..           ..            1) 

1  s.  1-:. 

J  S.  li.       U  S.  li. 

■J  s,'  i:. 

N...-n 

:i  .<.  i:. 

IHS.I 

.'i  Ii. 

" 

l:t 

:i  s.          (1            2  i?. 

11           1  s,       -J  S.  K. 

'.1  S.  li.       1  S.  li. 

7  s.  li. 

" 

H 

l.'i 

1  s.        ■•        4  .•*.  !■:. 
(1          ■•        :i  .-i.  \v. 

'■ 

1  s.  i:. 

,1               ..                .. 

i;  s.  li.     ::  s.  li. 
;;  s.  li.     ;i  N.  li. 

4  S.  li. 
:■■  s.  li. 

'.: 

!•; 

i:  >.  w.     1  N. 

■J  s.  I-:. 

1  S.        1  S.  K. 

1  s.  li.      1  N.  li. 

11  s.  li. 

.. 

17 

1.-;.     IS.  i:.       •■        -js.  !■:. 

1  s. 

II 

::  s,  li. 

«  s.  li. 

1- 
l:t 

:)  s.       1  s.       •:  s.      1  s.  i:. 
i;  s.                 -  s.  w. 

,, 

1  S.  \v. 

4  N.  li.           11 

•J  li. 

:t  s.  li. 

.. 

.. 

-0 

1  S.           ii        ::  s.  w. 

..        ]        ..               .( 

■J  s.  \v.    •:  N.  li. 

T  s!  li! 

t.             .. 

^1 

II 

" 

" 

11         -J  s.  li. 

■J  \\  .         1  .N.  li. 

11 

.. 

i:j 

:;s.  r. 

•' 

" 

1  s.  li. 

11            11 

" 

■j.i 

1  s.  i:.       •■          •■          -  i:, 

" 

•• 

:i  s.  li. 

1  s.  li. 

n                      II 

.Mi'liil 

1  s.           ■■              ••               u 

^-'L^ 

1   S.  li. 

4  N.  li.      1  S.  li. 

:i  s.  li. 

M     .r 

l-Mi          Ki:,            l-'h               l;>lh             -Ji'll. 

.  1  •  r 

.1         Ji.l        ■Jllll     I    i-l 

■>ii,        ■ru, 

■j-iii 

1.I-1I1. 

.t'.l.             :U.t 

1:. 

1  s.  i:.     11      ■.;  N.  !•:.       i  s.        n 

^^.  i;.   1  ^ 

\v.  1  s.  \v.  ■:  s.  !■:.      11 

M                  0» 

h  s.  li. 

■1  S.  li. 

0        1  S.  H.* 

•z 

■J  s.  y. 

1  S. 

•  •                  >•» 

.'.  S.  li. 

..                  ... 

;f 

1  .-.         ;;  s.     IS.  i;. 

•■ 

-  s.      i;  s.  !■:.    :i  s. 

li.        •         1  \v  • 

ins.  Ii. 

::  s.  li. 

■JS.  Ii.« 

I 

(1             1  s.      .  S.  K. 

V 

1  S.          7  S.       .',  s. 

li. 

-•  S.  li. 

'J,  s. 

IS" 

.', 

1"       1  i:. 

•J  s.  i;.   4  S,  \V.  4  s. 

li.      2  W.         ■•• 

4  \V.« 

:t  \\.* 

■.;  \v. 

i; 

■■•       :;  !■;.    1 

N.  !•:. 

;i  s.  I-;.  ■;  s.  w.     i:  s.         ••          ■■• 

:is.\v.« 

4  \V. 

•:  s.    ■:.%.«-.• 

7 

1  N.  \V.'     -2  S.     1 

N.  \V. 

,;  \v.         1  s.           •■•          ••« 

^  \V.* 

;i  s. 

1  S.      1  .N.W  • 

^ 

^N.\V.«     1  s. 

2  r 

K.  1  s.  I-;, 

1   \V.»     -JS.' 

7  VV. 

■:  w.- 

1  -i.'.V. 

;i 

1  N.W.i  1  s.  !•:. 

n         IS 

i;.  :;  s.  i:.   ■:  s.  i:.       « 

11.           ii» 

7  S.  \V. 

1  s. 

1  s. 

1" 

..«      ■jM.w.* 

*■ 

1  s.  1-:.      i;  li. 

•:  ii.«      "• 

.'.  s.  \v. 

" 

II             '1 

11 

...       1  V  \v.« 

" 

,                     ..                      ..                       u 

I  s.  n.»     •■ 

•.;  s.  w. 

N.,„„ 

..            ..»            ..» 

<• 

4  s.  v..     r.  I-:. 

ii» 

:i  s.* 

1  s. 

l.i 

..t            ..» 

" 

n  s.  I-:,     ii  I-:. 

1  s.« 

."■i  s.* 

1  s.  w 

II            2  \V. 

11 

...          ,,. 

•• 

2  S.  li.       (1  s. 

... 

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i  N.  W. 

1,', 

"         11 

H.  1-:. 

1  S.  li.         ••         1  s. 

\V.         Ii» 

h  S.« 

0 

■J  N.  W 

li; 

i  N.  \V.   J  S.  E. 

(1 

...          1. 

:•  s.  K." 

" 

■■•       1  N.  \V. 

17 

■:  s.  K.     ■•     1  v.  w.       II          11 

n 

.'.  li.        11 

b  S.  li. 

" 

11 

I- 
l:i 

1  S.  E.       ■■       J  N.  W.     1  S.  v.. 
'■        1  .\.  W.          11 

M 

.-.  S.  li. 
4  S.  li. 

..              t. 

,. 

1  N.  \V. 

"              11 

-'I 

1  S.  li. 

1* 

■' 

::i 

„        ,.         1, 

s.  I-;. 

11         J  S.  \V. 

'■•       1  w. 

111  s.   Ii. 

.1.            ... 

'J 'J 

1.              ..                ..               .. 

1  w.    ■:  s.  K. 

1.. 

:i  .■-.  li. 

1  s.  H. 

I..                         .!» 

- 1 

" 

■J  .\.  w. 

...           1. 

>1  S.  li. 

1) 

...                         ... 

.Ml  Int 

■•      1  N.  !•:.      ••            ••       :)  s.  K. 

0 

0               11 

... 

.'.  s.  li. 

...                         ... 

•  Snowing. 

t 

■■  T.-iiirii-rnlui.'  rising,  .nil- 

win4  liliiwiiitf  lifiwily,   v.My  .lark 

an<l  1  liui.ly. 

'T.- 

ii|i.Tftturi-'  at  nnon  Of.;.  ^Ih,  —  13'. Ti ;  win. 

S.  K.  an.l 

Cfiuirally  ciliii.     'r..|iHMT.itiiri*  ftt  noun  l)i'«' 

iith,— :il 

.ri ,  \v! 

Ill  .s.  K.  or  calm. 

TlMllIl, 

rnliirc  nt  noun  IIi'l\  Imli,  —in  ..'■ ;  wind 

S.  K.  an 

1  hi'nvy  Mow.     The  cnnmntion  of  tlu'  riso 

of  ti>m|>t>rattire  with  the  wiiiil  U 

eiiili.-trtftni-iiii;." 

n,.,. 

llltli.   Cilin,  with  miuntls  nt  iiit(irv.tt.i. 

I>rr 

-4.  "4  111  .'^  A.  .M.,  oviTi'nKl,  nnii  l.luwiiii.' 

it'.'ivy  fruii 

S.  \V.  .inlW.      l:  1.1  4  1'. 

M.,tlii.kly.iv,T.-: 

.-t.  aii.l  !it 

rniii.'  I.r 

T/i-  I'liiln  tlii'S." 

I)i'i.i 

iiH.    Tliu  twi'tily-fiiilr  liimrs  li.nvt.  1 n  i 

linrnt  ti'H/ 

■4   liy  till'  Hilly  lii'avy  pft 

1*  of  wiiiii  I'XiH-ri 

•nri-tl   ill  Siiiith'ti 

strait  siiu'o  till) 

tlusurc  (if  nur  winti-r  liHilmr.     Tin-  niiii  rusti  tit 

No.  S.  Mowim;  in  i-'in:ill-  fmni  \h>-  S 

!•:.,  .-11111.  .nftiT  2  A 

M..  1,1.  w 

ft  n'i;ul 

ir  wall'  (Nil.  10). 

'Ii-lnl'i 

r:iUll-  r Ipiiii     -•;  .4  :it  ii.iJlii..-lil,  ti.  + 

!•;  .r.  ;it  r. 

\.  .M.  .  ililliHMii"  n.i.-iily  '.: 

Ill 
II 

Noun 

l:i 
14 

I.-. 
M 
17 
1- 
1.1 

21 


II 

.Ni.oli 

l;l 
14 

l.'i 
lii 
17 

IS 

111 

2ii 
21 


II. I 
1  S.  K.* 

••» 

■J  s.  !•:.' 
1  .-.♦ 
'J  w. 

1  N.W. 


i  W. 
H  N.  \V 

■Z  N.  \V 
1  N.  W 

I' 
1  N.W. 


rl.niily 

,   K.  IT  r;iltn. 


.  tl 

1'  will 

I  is 

■  Ir 

ill!  til 

'  S." 

:\it 

finrt 

tlin 

■M< 

(No. 

1(1). 

RKcoun  Axn  discussion  of  I'ORcr:  ok  wind. 


61 


DlllF.rTliiN  .\Mi  l"(il\(  i:  (IF  TIIK  WlMi  iiTl.sKIlVKIl  AT  A>N   I  .KNSSKI.AKIl   IIaIIIKIII, 

III  >Iiiiiiinn-.  K^\.  ill  I,iit.  "H°  ;',7',  I.untr.  "ii°  fio'  AV.  nf  (JreiMiwirli. 
Tlic  ilii'i'ilioiis  iiri'  iiiiifriii'lii'.     Viiriiiliiiii  nl' i'(iiiiiia,-s  l(i><°  W. 


sill.  Otii. 


Mill.  Iltli. 


;  N.* 


:i        I  S.  \'..» 


1  .•^.  li. 


0 

4  S. 

1  s.  !•:. 

1, 

:i  ?*.  v.. 

■J  .-;, 

1  s.  i:. 

■^  :>.  !■:. 

1  s. 

■• 

-  S.  v.. 

■' 

1  s.  K 

11 

1  s.  W 

Ni.iii 

:  >  w 

1.1 

tl 

14 

[', 

IT 

,, 

1- 
l;i 

(1           •■*  ■:  \v.«  ■.:  s.  \v.  I  s.  v..* 

•  •  I  \V.  ••  1  >.  w.     :i  \v. 

'■•  ■•  ■■  J .-.  I-:.     •:«-.• 

'•»  2 .«.  K.  I  N.  1  >.      ;i  .■^.» 

I  r".  K.»  1  .<■  K.  ■■  I  N.  i:.      -.:>. 
"*        2  S.  K.* 

4  \V.       I  .<.  K.«  •■  •■  1  S. 

■:  \v.     2  s.  i:.«  "  •■  "          ;i  s. 

4  :<.  W.     I  S.  !■;.•  ■■  •■  (1         :i .-;.  w. 

4  ri.  I-:.  •■  ■•  2  s. 

2S.  w.      I  s.»  I  s. 

;;  s.  \v.      2S.»  ••  11 

II         1  .x.  !■;.  (1  "  ••           (1 

I  ^    |.;, 

1  s.  n. 


11 

1  .>. 

1  .<.  i:. 

:(  s.  i:. 

jj 

is. 

2  N.  K 

1  N.  !•: 

1  .■'. 
1  s.  w. 

2  N,  \V 
1  .N.  W 

1  H.  K. 


Mi.lii't 


1  .N. 

I  N.  \V 

I  \V, 


Kill  l«tt!.  lull 


111 
II 

.N.MMl 

I.; 

14 

l.'l 
III 

17 
Is 
III 

2il 
21 


I  N.  W. 


1  s.  1-:.   I  ^<.  K. 

•■        I  N  \V. 

••    !   "     IS. n. 

I  .x.  !•:. 


I  H.    IS.  !•:. 


.;i     1  s.w. 

Mi.ln'l      1  S. 


2  N. 

1  .N. 


1  N.  !■:. 


1  s.  v.. 

2  s.  W 

1  S.  W 

II 

2  S.  K. 

I  s  !•:. 


2  S.  K. 

1  s.  i:. 

2  s.  i;. 

1  .N.  W. 
2  W. 

I  w. 
1  \v. 

••  s.  i;. 

1  .s. 


1  S.  ]'.. 

2  S.  K. 


:;  \v.     1  .<.  I-;.  '  •• 

2  s.  i:.»  I  \v. 

2  w.     IS.  i:.»  2  \v. 

:i  s,  w.  4  s.  i;.»  11 


1  .N.  W. 

1  S.  K. 

2  N.  W. 

1  i:. 

2  N.  I-:. 
I  !•:. 

1  .s. 

2  N. 


;  s.  i:. 
1  s. 


2.MI1 


1  s. 
1  \v. 


1  s. 

1  s.  1;. 

2  s.  i;. 
1  s.  w. 


•.'•.Ill 

!  .N.  W. 


;i  s.  w 
2  s.  w 
1  s.  \v 


I  S.  K.  2  s. 

1  s.  \v.  •■ 

II  CI 

:!  s.  1:. 

1  s  \v.  ■• 


2  N.  \V.  I  S, 

I  N.  \V.  2  S. 

I  S.  W.  1  s. 
I  S.  1:.  II 

1  N. 

I  N.  \V. 


1  N. 


I  N.  !■:. 

11 
1  s.  \v, 

I  s. 

I  S.  \V. 


1  s.  \v. 

,, 

11 

1  w. 

II 

1  s. 

II 

S.  !■ 
1  s. 

1  s. 

1  N. 
1  N.  \V. 

1  s.  1:. 

2  S.  W. 

1  S,  Iv 

" 

0 

1  s.  1-:. 

1  N. 
2  .N.  W. 

II 

1  S. 
0 

2  S.  I'!, 

'       II 

1  !•:. 

" 
(1 

I  s. 

•• 

1  N.  \V. 

11 

1  s.  \v. 
(1 

2  s.  1-:. 

1  s.  1;. 

II 

■    1  W. 

II 

2  S,  W. 

0 

2  S.  \V, 

1  S. 

II 

2  S,  !■:. 

1  K 

•  Siii^wiiiB. 

.Ijitui.'iry  -i.    From  »•  t"  I'J  1'.  M,,  >liKUt  rtiiow  aii'l  li^ht  v;iri;iM<'  win  1- 

■I;iim:irv  7tli.    l-'iom  4  to  S  A.  M..  li.';\vv  li;iiik  ol"  rlouds  to  S.  K. 


^1 


i 


i 


(52 


r.  Kcoup  AND  HI  SCI' SSI  ON  01'  ror.ri:  oi"  wind. 


I  \ 


IllllKi'lIciN  AMI   I'liUlK  i.K  TlIK  WlMi  (UlsKllVK.l)  AT    VaN    KKNSSKI.A  111   lUlllllill, 

III   I-'iliriuiry.  ls,M,  in  I,iii.  7^^  ;i7',  I.iiii)r,  "n"  ,"i:!' W,  <•{  (Jri'i'iiwidi. 
Till'  (liivrliiuis  ari'  iiiiitriii'lii'.      Viiriiuiun  uf  ciiiiiiniss  Ins  '  \V 


ll.xn 

II' 


.III 


.'.III 


Till 


'III 


tilli. 


111 


mil. 


r.'ih 


1  s.  i;.    1  w.     ;;  H.  i:. 


0 


1  N. 


in 

■J  N.  \V 

li 

Niiiiil 

I  N.  \V 

i;t 

(1 

14 

1.1 

IS. 

Iti 

17 

11 

1« 
I'.i 

.. 

Miiln't 


1  K. 

(1 


s.  !•:.  t  s.  !•:.  II  •:  n.  :i  s.  v.. 

:t  .•*,  :i  s, 

:;  v..  ■■  :i  s.  !•.  4  s. 

1  1-.  ■■  i:  s.  i;.  :.  s. 

II  II  1  s.  i:.  II  i;  .1. 

,,           ..            ,.             ..  ,.  z^.K.  "  :i  H, 

■J  N.       7  s.        1  i:.  •■  1  s.  "  -2  s.  !■:, 

IN.             h  S,                •■  1    S.  U  !*.  W. 

■J  s.  \v.      .'i ;;.       n  s.  K.  :(  s.  i:.  :(  s.  \v.  ■:  .■<.  v..  ;i  s.  k. 

1  s.  \v.      r.  s.         •■  1  s.  ]■:.  .'.  s.  \v.  i  r*.  i;. 

s  s.  !•:.     '2  .s.  v..  "  II  1  s.  I-:. 

1  s.         ■■          1"  s.      :i  s.  E.  ■■  i;  fi.  \v.  :;  s.  i;. 

II         1  s.      7  .<.  !■:.        ■•  II  •■  1  s.  I-:.  -s. 

"       ;i  s.  K.  .  2  s.  i;.  •■  i      "  (14  s.  \v. 

•'     I    n  y.    i     "  .     "  I  .'.  s.  w.  "  -J  ;i.  \v. 

IS.        4  s.    i  1  s.  K.  j      "  '  ;i  s.  \v.  "  4  s.  w. 

1  H.     1  s.  i:.      i!  s.        1  !■:.  1  s.  K.  4  i;.  2  s.  i;. 

::  s.  \v.       •■  ■:  s.  •■  .'.  H.  !•:.  .'i  s  \v. 

:;  s.         "        :i  s.  \v.    1  s.  i:.  i  s.  \v.  .'.  K.  i\  <.  v..  \  h.  \v. 

1  s.         ••          :i  H,         1  N.  1  s.  K.  -  s.  !•;. 

"        ::  .•^.  !■;.        II  II  "  ::  s.  n.  ;  s.  w. 

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t  SnowiiiL'. 

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111:  CO  UP   AND   DISCUSSION   OF   FORCK   OF   WIN  P. 


(■)8 


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"         . .  - 

1  N. 

'* 

" 

" 

1- 
l:> 

„ 

II 

•1         .         II 

1        il         1        ** 

tt        1        II 

" 

" 

tl     1     II 

n 

II 
II 



■J" 

1  s. 

II 

1    " 

j            M             '            II 

II       J       tl 

1              H 

II 

.1          tl 

•' 

II 

..    ,    It 

•Jl 

II 

1     11 

1      II      {      11 

U                          It 

u 

•• 

It          It 

•1 

>i 

tl 

■JJ 

0 

II 

II 

1.            1           u 

*' 

" 

.t          1. 

" 

|4 

i(                  .• 

^.1 

1  W. 

II 

II 

l«         1         1* 

II                It 

!      '* 

•■ 

"     1     •' 

tl 

II 

II                          H 

MMii'l 

II 

II 

H 

1 

II         1        II 

II                II 

1  " 

'* 

II 

II 



II 

1    ;*_ 

II 

■ 

iriii         i-ii 


i:iii. 


111 
II 

N 1 

n 
u 

1.'. 
i<; 

17 

|.- 

1:1 

ai 
i:i 
■>.i 

Miiln't 


1  N. 


■i  s.  !■:. 

II* 

-  .■'.  w. 

11 

>•» 

K    .■'.  \V. 

1  S.  K. 

;1S.  \V.« 

7  S.  \V. 

1  W. 

JS.  \V.« 
1  H.W." 

h  s.  w. 

I' 

1  H.W.' 

'.1  .•<.  \v. 

11 

ii« 

II 

II 

»» 

s  S.  \V. 

1  .■<.  K. 

•1 

11  fi.  \v. 

;)  s.  K. 

" 

" 

ll»    I 

ii»     ! 
1  \V.« 


1  .N    W. 


1  S.  K. 
I  S. 


I  B. 


■J  s.  !•:.  i 

I  N.  \V. 

::  N.  W. 
1  H.  \V. 
:i  .■J.  \V. 
U  s.  W. 
:i  H.  \V. 

•J  s.  !•:. 
II 

4S. 


1  s. 


I  s.  w. 


1  s. 


1  S.  M. 
II 


I  N. 
II 


I  \V.        1  N. 


I  N.  ]•:. 

(t 

■i  N.  i:. 

■Z  !>.  \V. 

;i  s.  \v. 
:! ».  W. 


■:  r^.  \v.> 

1  ^i.  \V. 


1\V. 

:i  W. 

1  ff. 
II 


t  N. 

(i» 


1  s. 


:i  s.  \V, 
4  H.  \V. 


4S. 

;i  !■:. 


!  N.  K. 


;i  :<.  K. 

;ts. 

4S. 

.'i  s. 
:i  s. 


I  .•'. 
1  s.  w. 

II 

1  \v. 


1  s. 
II 

!      'i! 

I      •• 


II 
1  ;*.  K. 
1  N.  K 
2.N.  W. 

■JS.  \V. 

II 

1  s.  !■:. 

II 
:  .<.  w. 


1  N.  W. 

II 
:t  s,  W. 
:;  s.  \v. 

1  i:. 

11 


I  N.  \V 


1  N.  W 


I  s.  w.*  -2  .-;.  \v.     :!  s. 


r.Kt'uui)  A\n  DISCUSSION  OF  Foucr:  of  wind 


UlIlKcrfdN  AM)  FolU  E  OF  TUB  WlM>  OIlSKllVED  AT  A'aN  UeNSSELVEII  HaUIKHI, 

111  Dci'i'IiiIkt,  is,-)!,  ill  I,iit.  7W''  ;n',  Lnnir.  70°  fi;!'  \V.  of  (ireriiwicli. 
Ttic  ilirci'tioiis  lire  iimgiiclic.     Viirintioii  of  ('(iiniiiisR  Ids''  W. 


:l 

.1      1 

" 

1  S.  W. 

4 

1  S.  K. 

:;  St.  w. 

1) 

:;  \v.* 

.* 

:i  s.  w. 

I 

1 

II 

r.  s.  \v. 

s 

'.I 

1  w.  ! 

1  N. 

1  s.  w. 

11 

0 

n  s. 

Niion 

"           1 

t' 

1 ». 

i;t 

«' 

2  S.  \V. 

U 

i( 

1  N. 

:t  >i.  W. 

15 

II 

0 

2  S.  W. 

lli 

ii 

li 

4  S.  W. 

17 

" 

(i 

0  S.  W. 

18 

41               ' 

" 

4  S.  W. 

l;i 

II 

» 

■c  s.  w. 

-" 

'* 

It 

0 

2  N.  W. 

.. 

.. 

:::) 

4  N.  \V. 

1  s. 

1  !<.  W. 

I  W.     :i  f< 


<.  K. 
W. 


Mi.iirt       (1 


1  s. 


:t  s.  w. 
4  s.  \v. 


1  w. 

1  s. 

0 


1  \v. 


0 

It 

" 

1  N. 

1  w. 

2N. 

1  s. 

n         j 

2  W. 

(1 

'       " 

a  s.  !■:. 
1  s.    ! 

:l  S.  W 
2  S.  W 


2  S.  v.. 

:l  t<.  v.. 

I) 


1  H.  !•; 
(I 


1  s. 


4f<. 
5  S. 


I       ., 


I'JIIl.      I     Mill. 


mil. 


1  s.  \v. 
1  \V. 

1  fi.  \v. 

1  s. 

:\  s. 

fi  i'.  w. 

II 


1  w. 


1  \\. 

II 

1  K. 
o 


i      .. 


1  \V. 


Iliir         Mil.        Kill 


2111  li. 


1" 
II 

N 1 

1  i 
14 
l.-i 
I 'I 
17 
1> 
HI 
211 
21 

2:1 
Miiln'l 


1  \V. 

II 
1 


1   K. 


1  .N. 

II 


2  S.  K. 
1  .■^.  !■:. 


0 
1  N. 


.'.  s.  \v. 

4S. 
2  S.  \V. 

1  s. 
2  S.  li. 


1  r^. 

2  S. 
(I 


;i  fJ.  H. 

^  S.  v.. 

7  S.  K. 

.1  S.  K. 

:i  S.  K. 

1  s,  !•:. 


"  2  S, 

;i  s.  w. 

"  II 

:i  ^^.  v.. 
.-.  ^.  K. 
:)  S.  v.. 

1  !•:.     ■' .-;.  v.. 

II         :!  S.  H. 
"  11 

.'.  s.  I-;. 

4  S.  K. 

"10 


■•Mil 
(I 

0 


imli.         27lh. 


II 

:l  K. 
1  N.  K. 

0 


1  s.  i;. 


2  s.  w. 
:i  S.  \V. 
4  «.  \V. 

3  S.  \V. 

I      II 


1  s. 

1  s.  w. 


I  w. 

"      i 

1  N. 

2  S.  W. 

]' 

1  S.  \V. 

11 

II 

*  Siiiiw. 


1  w. 

0 


aiiii. 

0 


2  .s.  K. 
0 


I     ItK. 
I     4K. 

.1  S.  K. 
4  H.  K. 
2  S.  K. 


:ts. 
2  r^.  \V. 


5  hi 

W 

4 

s. 

5  S 

\v 

s. 

4H 

w 

7 

H. 

.1  S, 

•  1 

II       j 

5  a.  w. 

;tH. 

■1 

fiH. 

IH. 

4  S. 

;t  H.  w. 

II 

lis. 

2  M. 

" 

41                        1     j;_ 

4  H.  \V. 

'» 

"            11 

0 

na. 

14                       2   '^. 

41 

4  «.  W. 

1  S.  W 

11 

f)  s. 

"             2  S. 

" 

2  8.  W. 

"        ,       0 

l!i;COi:i)    AM)    DISCUSSION   or    I'OUCK   OF    WIND. 


1  w. 

0 


5  S.  W. 
i     4S. 
5  S.  \V. 

7  8. 
4  S.  W. 

7B. 
0 


4  8. 

3  8. 
j  18. 
I       0 

2  «. 
1  S.  W. 


0 


I»mKlTl(l.\  AMI  iMildK  OF  TllK  WlNH  (lllSKIlVF.il  ,\T   V.\N    It  KNS.-;KI.AKli   llAIllinll, 

In  .liiiiuiiry,    Is.",.^,,  in   l.nt.   Ts""  :!7',  I.nML'.  7(1°  fili' W.  (if  (iivrnwicli. 
The  ilii-ccliiiiis  lire  iii;iLriictic.      Viiriiithiii  (if  .miii|iii.-s  llis^  \\. 


II.Mir  I. 


P'. 

■^  w. 

- 

1  \v. 

4 

II 

«; 

,, 

7 

s 

111 

11 

.N 1 

1.'. 

Ill 
17 

I  ^ 

•Jil 
::i 

:;:l 

Mi.hrt 

t 

M  iir,          ]>Mi 

I  '"I  M,  .Mil.  Kill.  Till. 


'Mil.  In^ii.  Ihli.  I-Jili.  1:1 


1111 


l.'.lll 


:;  s.  I-:.    I  .-;.  \v. 

I  s.  i:. 


■■ 

I   W. 

■J  N.  w. 
1  .\.  w. 
■J  .\.  w. 
:;  .\.  \v. 

■J  .N.  w. 

I   N. 

N.  \V. 

n 

1 .-. 

2  .-i.  W. 

1   .N.  W 
1  .-<. 

'• 

" 

1  s.  |.:. 

1  v.ir. 

" 

1  s.  \V. 

'.;  >.  K. 
1  .■^.  i:. 

1  .~.  \V. 

I  w. 


S.  K,       I  S.  11  (1  (It         1  s.  W.         (I 

II  II  ••  I.  ..»         J  ,<.  \v. 

"  •'  "  '■♦         1  S.  W. 


1  s.  \v.  ■•  :  .<.  \v.*  •■  i;  V. 

I  ^^.  1  s.  i:.        ■•*       1  s.  \v.      i\i-, 

•.:.<.  w.  l:s.  !■:.    4s.  \v.*  •■  :;  s.  w. 

:;  s.  ■•  7s.  w.* 

4  .~.  \V.  I  >.  i:.     ■;  .<.  \v.  "  :i  s.  W. 

:'■  ?^.  (I  .■■  .■<.  W.  ••  -t  s.  \v. 

I  .<.  W.  ••  •■  1.  :;  s.  w, 

I  K.           "  '■  :;  s.  \V.  •■  (1 


1  H. 


I  .N.         1  \V. 


I   vac. 


w 

.. 

.1  •  I- 

■J  .~.  u 

" 

1  H.  !•;. 

'            11 

:s  .^.  |.;. 

!i  s.  1-;. 

, 

1     V.ll. 

Ill  .-i.  !■:. 

■:  .N.  \v.» 

Kill  lili,  I'.ili. 


;"iii         -JIM,         --"J.!     ,     -±1,1.         -juii         ■.'-.111. 


■-'■Mil  i.itii.  -ll^I 


II  II 


111 
II 
.\.~M1 
li 
II 

iri 

iij 

17 

l- 

r.i 
■.;i 


Mi.lli'l 


-'  N.  w. 
1  N.  w. 

I   N. 


I  \v. 

J  .-.  w. 
1  .-i.  \v 


!■:. 


•  .■;.  W.  -J  s. 
.-;.  W.     1  ' 


1  .1.  I-:. 


I  \v. 

II 
I  s. 


:;  s.  V. 

I  \v. 

■J  w. 

I  s.  w.  I  .<.  !■:. 
.•'  s.  \v. 

"     I     "     i 


1  s,  \v. 

i  .-<.  w . 


II         1  t*.  K. 


II       I  s.  I-:.  I  s.  K. 


I  N. 


.-(.  \v. 
H.  \V. 
S.  W. 
S.  \V. 

1  .■^.  \v. 

1  s.  i:. 
.'.  s.  i:. 

■:.-;  \v. 

■J  s.  w 

2  W. 

1  .•<.  I-:. 


.Iiiliimry  ITlli.    iMOiii  im^   t,i  VZ><  ,  Miivvilii!  iKinl  Ir.iiii  S.  \V..  with  llii.l;  ^ii.nv  di^ill. 


.i  r 


II) 


1 


Ki:c(ii;ii  ANH  ii !  sc  r  ss  ion  ok  i-nuci:  or  wind. 


'rill'  imiiu'iliati'  licMiiiii:' ol' tin' ulml  on  tin'  ti-iiipcriiliir".  the  wi'liilit  ;inil  nitiistiin' 
cf  till'  aliiiii<|)lirn'.  iiinl  U|iiiii  tlic  cliiiiiitc  in  i;riu'i':il,  us  well  iis  its  lu'iirlicMl  ivlalion 
to  naviLjatiiin.  rrinlcrs  this  nirtt'ordloiiii'al  t'li  iin'iil  iil'('(|ual  iiuiinrlanci'  willi  any  nl' 
till'  oliuTs,  tliiin:;li  it  lias.  ]M'rlia|is,  ri'ci'ivi'il  I'liniparativi'lv  K'ss  attrntiuii. 

Mili'jil  III'  I!,  Jill  I'll, II. — In  till"  liillowiii'j  (lisi'iis.sion,  wo  lia\i'  to  i-nnsidfi'  the 
a\ri'aL;i'  iliri'i'lioii  ami  lin'i'i'.  as  wrll  as  tin'  i|iianlit_\'  nf  air  Imiuii  owv  tlic  [ilarr  nC 
cili<ri-\atiiin. 

In  ri';:aril  !o  tlu'  nn^an  ilirrclion  aii'l  vrliirilv  of  lln'  wiml  lor  any  L'ivi'n  |ii'rioil — ■ 
a  ilay.  niontli,  or  year — llio  riistoniary  fovninla  of  Laniln'it  has  I  htm  so  far  nioililinl 
as  to  iiii'liuli'  till'  \i'loiiiy.  ami  not  to  drponil  on  tliu  roliitivi.'  froiincncy  of  tin- 
w mils  aloiii'. 

l-rt  (*,  ti.  (I, Ill'  till'  ani;li'S  wliii'li  tin"  iliii'clion-^  of  tin-  wiml  niako  with  tlic 

iiu'rlilian.  ri'i'knniil  loiiiul  tin.'  ('oin|iass.  ai'i'onlinL'  to  astroiioniii'al  iisaL'i'.  from  iho 
south.  \\r.-t«aii!s  to  "(ill  ,  or  in  a  ilirorlaui   imlii'at'il   hy  tlio   law  of  rotation:   ami 

(■    '•    '• its  rospi'i'tivi'  M'loi'itirs.  whii'li   may  ho  su|i|iosril  i'.\[iri'ssril  in  milrs 

[irr  hoiii':  ami  let  tin'  oliscrvatimis  hi'  imnli'  at  fcpial  intrr\als  of  liiiu'.  say  hourly. 
\>\  aijiliii'j  n|i  all  \  rlocil  \. -nnnilirrs  ri'lorrim;  to  iho  saiiio  wiml  ilnriiiL:  a  ,i;i\rn 
liiliiiii.  ami  rrprrsi  iniiiu'  llir.~i'  i|iiantilii'-^.  or  thr  nnnihri'  <>{'  niilis  of  air  transfi'iiT'l 
liodily  over  tin'  jilaii'  in  I'arli  iliirrllon,  hy  -■,  '•  >•  .....  thiii  thi'  i|nantity  of  air 
[lassi'il  ii\ir  till'  I'lari'  of  ohsrix  ation  hy    vimls  /rinii  tin-  .-ouiliward  i~  r.\|irrssiil  hy 

/,'  =  ,~,  I,,-,  (y,  ^-  ,v.  ,.,v  (/.   I-  .-   c./s  (/    ; 

Ami  loi-  uind-  _/'iiiii  till'  wrstwaiil 

/,'     =  .V,  ..III    (/,     )-  .V,  ../,;   (/,  +  ,v,   v/,,   ((,  -I- 

Tin'  ri'snltinir' i|uaiitil  \  A',  and  ihr  aii;.;li'  iji  it  forms  with  tin'  imjiidian,  is  found  hy 
tlio  L'-Spri'ssions 

/,'  =  x^//.    +/,'  '.  and  /o/,  </,  =     ';. 

'I'lii'  '_'rmial  formula  .  in  tin'  ca-i'  of  iit;lit  |irim'i|ial  diroctions  ('.  as.-nnir  tin- 
roiivriiiiiit  firm 

/,'  =  i.v-.vi  -(-  (.s  ir_.v/;ix^:  —  (.vir— .s/.i  %/^ 

/,'    =  ,  W—/;')   I  (Mr_.V7:iv':    f  (.VH— A/.)  x^} 

Wliiiv  tin-  K'ttrrs  .V  .V  II'.  W.  I'll'.,  .-land  for  llio  sum  of  all  s-floritii's  diiiiiiL'  tin' 
'_ii\in  irrioil.  or  for  tin'  lU.inlity  of  air  inii\rd  in  thr  diii  rtions  .S',  S  W.  II'.  otr.. 
iv-[ii  rlivrly  ;  /.',  .-lands  ll.r  tho  total  cjuanlity  of  air  liaiis|iorti'il  In  tin'  northwaid. 
ami  /,'  f'.r  !'n'  sanii'  tansfcind  In  tin.'  I'.'istwanl.  Tlii'si'  formula',  for  iirai:tii'al 
«iiikiii.'.  iii.i\   111'  |iul  in  till'  f'lllow  ill'-'  sh:i|ii':  — 

I'm     ,s.-\  -.  I,  ,v  H— .V/;-  r 

11—/;=/.  .VII— A/;- ./ 

'I'lnn 

/,'     ^    //  rill  (jl  =  II  +  0.71)7   (-' il) 

I!.,  =  /,'  sill  (/,  =  Il  (-  ().7li7  ('•  +  '/|. 

.■^iini'  // .  /.'  ,  //,  ri'|iri'.-c'nls  tin'  ijuantily  of  air  passnl  oNrr  diiiiiij  tin'  Liivm 
iicriod  ill  till'  diiii'tii'ii  0,  'lir.  f/i.  ri'S]iii'tivi'ly.  wo  mii-t.  in   ordrr  to  find  llio  mi'an 


Itl'.COl!!)   AND    DISCUSSION    OF   F  O  I!  C  !•;    OF   WIND. 


vclnrily  ill  any  rrstiltiiiL;'  iliivclidii,  diviile  \iy  ii,  or  tlir  iimiilici-  cif  iilp<rr\  atioiis 
duriiiL''  tliut  pcriud  ;   we  tlicii  Ijuvo 


=  ''',    i: 


-    -,     anil   I  =      . 


A  piirtii'lc  ol'  air  wliicli  has  Irl't  the  place  of  ol)scrvatiiiii  at  tlic  ('(iininriiccnuMit  nf 
tile  pcrioil — (if  a  (lay,  I'nr  iiistance — will  he  limnd  at  ils  I'lciso  in  a  dincliDii  ISO  +  (i,, 

anil  at  a  (ii^tancc  nl'  /.'  niiic^s.  cipial  to  a  inovcinrnt  with  an  a\craL;r  \c>li)ritv  nl'       ; 

// 

till'  IrnLTth  III'  thf  pulh  ilrMTihiij  hy  thr  |iartlrli'  I'an  hi'  liinml  iiy  tlu'  suniniatiim  of 

all  llu'  )•'>  (li)r  iMrh  hour)  iliirinii'  tiic  prrinii. 

Till'  aliiivo  ilcvcliipMii  nl  sniipiisrs  that  ail  jiartirli's  nl'  llic  air  >nrriiunilin;^  tin' 
.■-talion  cipially  parlii'ipati'  in  the  L'rniTal  niotinn,  oi'  tliat  ail  particlrs  ilr-rrilvj  ciinal 
anil  parallii  pallis. 

'I'll  ailniit  iiiithinL'  arliilrary  in  the  ri'iliiclion.  no  alti'inpt  lias  ln'i'ii  inailc  to  inter- 
polate values  ill  those  instaiii'es  where  oueasimial  oini.-siniis  occur  in  tin^  lioiirly 
ahslract. 

'I'lic  'jreat  vai'ialiilily  in  the  direction  and  liuec  of  the  arrial  nintion  renders  tlie 
takini;'  ol'  mean  \aliies  liir  short  intervals  nnnec,-s-;ii'y.  and  we  can  at  once  prneeed 
to  llir  luiMii  nii'iithly  \  iilucs. 

I 'or  ihc  ri)n\i  niriu I   ir  I' 'IT  nee.  and  in  ilhi-ti  atinii  of  tic  I  in  ■thud  ol'  rciiiiclion, 

oiw  of  the  iiiiiiiihK  ali.-lraets  of  llic  ^lllll  of  the  xclmits  niuiilicrs  of  each  wind  is 
licre  iiisrrted.  Similar  alistracts  were  made  for  each  nl'  the  .seveiilieii  luoiith-^ 
(hii'iii.:  which  the  oli.-cr\ atiiins  cinitiniitd. 


.\l:>ril\i  T 

■  »■    INK 

«." 

AMTl' 

■  "T 

Wisi 

IS  i: 

M  II  III  nil 

Finn 

I'l 

IM  1! 

\i,  l>iiti,<'Ti' 

ss. 

tili.-l.l 

\  (.1 

AT    \ 
III  .<• 

\s  K 

pti'lU 

i.\"i:i.\KU 

ilT.    l-.'iS. 

llAiir.i 

i<» 

Ml.^>Il. 

lV.,1.  u.i. 

ut 

■Jl 

:i 

till 

'•til 

i.lli 

'  t„i 

-Ill       ■III 

'  iiiiii. 

Mill 

lifh 

!,(;!, 

1  nl. 

1  -.111 

s. 

^1 

M 

It 

U 

11 

11 

CI          l:l 

II 

n 

II 

1) 

1 

11 

N. 

!"■: 

M 

<l 

II 

0 

11         :.i; 

II 

II 

:!'i 

(1 

•J 

1  ; 

W. 

i; 

'.*.; 

II 

" 

" 

II 

■' 

II          IT 

111 

:i 

1-; 

" 

II 

11 

s.  w. 

,. 

,, 

0 

11  ; 

■Jl'i 

•t 

II 

1! 

11 

,, 

i', 

li 

.N.  !■:. 

II 

II 

II 

II 

II 

II 

i:.          II 

II 

II 

H 

11 

II 

.N.  W. 

1.1 1 

-17 

\.' 

;. 

1 

1  ;        -iu 

II 

II 

0 

It 

(1 

II 

s.  I-:. 

" 

II 

<■ 

M 

II 

11 

11          II 

II 

II 

i 

" 

- 

" 

Sum  \  I'hffk 

:l-.i 

.Uli 

l-> 

1 

•• 

4U 

-'■' 

i;-       III! 

■111 

11 

T).; 

0 

II 

7'i 

M».IMtl. 

Iiiiii <■ 

ii'.ti. 

Kill. 
11 

\-\h 

1  'III. 
11 

■Ji'tli 
0 

■-'l-t 
.1 

411 

■ji.i      jitii 
.'i:!      11 

J. Ill 
II 

II 

■JTlti 
l.i 

■>!!■ 

•i'lh 

0 

■I'll. 

iiiiii- 

h'i 

s. 

It 

4 

.N. 

■J 

II 

II 

M 

Tl 

II 

11 

11       ii 

II 

II 

0 

11 -J 

4;' 

11 

44:i 

W. 

!■:. 

11 
11 

■  1 

(1 

1 

l> 

11 
II 

II 
II 

11       11 
II       II 

II 
II 

II 
II 

.;i 
■1 

4 

1) 
I) 

1 

ll'l 

s.  w. 

II 

II 

II 

tl 

II 

l",-! 

11 

.^ll       7 

.-.-J 

» 

0 

1) 

7 

■.7:, 

N.  i:. 

r, 

o 

II 

f, 

M 

II 

11 

II       II 

II 

II 

ll 

t) 

II 

2 

N,  w. 

0 

1 

II 

■J.i 

11 

II 

It       II 

c 

n 

II 

i! 

-'• 

II 

.■i;ii 

fi.  1-., 

11 

II 

" 

II 

It 

II 

::l 

n      l:i 

11 

tl 

J" 

-■■' 

II 

4 

II'. 

Sum  ,\  .hi'.  1; 

7 

111 

u 

M 

■Js 

lllM 

-~ 

In:;      'Jii 

.;■! 

i:. 

74 

i:.4 

■' 

•Jl 

■Jfillii 

At! 


I-I I 


i 


!( i 


i   1 

r'l 


*(> 


Ui:COI!I>    AND    DISCUSSION    OK    I'OliCIC   OK   WIND. 


Ui  ■oilliini  Mniillilji  Dind'iiiii  iifthi'  Willi/. — The  n'.<iiltiii,:x  iiiontlily  (lircctioii  ipof  tin' 
wind  i-^  (ilit:iiniil  li_v  aildiiij;  up  llio  vilncily-iuiiiilicrs  loi'  ciicli  wiiul  M'pnriiti'ly,  fnnii 
tlu'  hiiiulv  (ili.-cr\Mli'iiis  liikcii  tlnriiiL'  tin'  iiiiililli,  irirs|n'clivi'  (tf  (Hiiissiniis.  'I'lii' 
iimiilitis  tlius  (ililaiiu'il  Mil'  then  treated  in  acedrdanee  witii  tlie  preeedini:  roriiiiil;e. 
Fur  tiic  iiKiiitli  of  Sejiti'ndier,  \>'>'-'i,  I'or  in^tanei.  we  would  liave — 

IICIK 


y  s. 

=  1  i:l 

s  N. 

=  II II 

X  \V 

=  •J-.'ii 

s  i:. 

=    lH| 

i  s.  \v 

=  "-T'l 

I  N  i: 

=    :!ii 

i  N    W 

=  ,')('.0 

s  s  i; 

=  li:; 

r   =  +  Mi'.P 

■  /  =  +  117 

<■  —  ./=  +  I -'-J 

,•  +  ,/=  +\::>i\ 

II, T  (•■  —  '/)  =  +  'J'.''' 

II.;  (,■  +  ,/)  =  +  S7II 

r  =  +  1 1  >; 


/,■,  =  —  1 1 
/;„  =  +',i'.i;, 

//    .-       !i'.l;> 

t    =  M» '  ii' 

;i|i.lvali'nt  to  ii 

wot  Willll. 


'I'll  cdiiveit  the  lesullinir  (]>  i'luiii  tlie  mairiietio  into  the  true  directinn,  a])|il\  tlie 
iiiML'iieti'-  cKcliiiatiiin.  viz:    l(i>'    111'  west.' 

Ill  like  manner,  tiie  nieiin  direction  ot'  the  wind  I'ur  each  month  lias  U'cn  made 
out.  The  iMlouini;  talile  exhihils  the  >uni  ot"  the  \ eloeity-numlK'rs  I'or  eaeh  wind, 
as  well  as  tlie  resiiltiiis;  dirietioii  ,,['  ijii'  winils  I'or  each  month  of  oh.servation  : — 


|l(l,[.     M..1 

1  -.■ 

! 

I-.-i4. 

- 

|.I.lMl.,t 

I'.  1   .1..T 

lii.;:i 

1'.'7 

h.oinl.i 

.lull  II  [try 

17': 

►  .lirimt;- 

7  ■•.'i 

Mtrili 

4i'.4 

.*1T1| 

M.y 

s 

Ui 

4ii:i 

llliS 

N 

4-1:' 

47 

;tii 

:, 

.'•J 

Hi 

^ 

4H 

ii;4 

w 

i:        .... 

!■'! 

t- 
47 

ij 

■J':  1 

liiii 

li 

■i~-i 

1-.1 
4il 

:i 

1) 

s.  w.      .    .    . 

s7,'' 

41.! 

i;i;' 

:;t- 

I.'.- 

7:;:i 

'J'l 

lls7 

7!i" 

.N.  !■: 

:;i: 

1 

.'.4 

1117 

17 

1 

•2 

II 

II 

.-..  w.     .    ,    . 

.^l;n 

.W- 

!'M 

i;ij 

:;.. 

■J.', 

I'l 

lis 

•J'll 

*/. 

1-1.: 

iio:; 

''■■' 

17IS 

ii'.'i; 

S..S 

■n.\ 

mm 

■:■;■,' 

M-ik'Uftii'  f   .     . 

s'.i 

:iS;tJ 

:■:.»' 

:i:i4' 

ll.'lll ' 

My 

:'..^7 ' 

•j;,. 

•zi 

TlllL'   ^         .        .        . 

:;ll 

■:ir, 

__.' 

"~ ' 

::.'.l 

U4.1 

■:-l' 

-77 

fc7l» 

ls.'i4. 

i*^r.r.. 

I>3til    T!"^ 

J.IDi. 

l..ly. 

AlKlKl 

'•.>|.l.lii!..T 

III  i.l.r. 

.V..v.iiilM.r 

n.iv  1111..T 

Jiiiinnr.v 

S                     ... 

11 
-'j'.i 

77ii 
sll 
111.; 

s'.i7 

7-ll 
11 

i;7:i 

4:lil 
'J« 
■.;4 

417 
'.17 
4.'. 

N.                  .... 

W 

!■■             .... 

.,,;,' 

s  ;■' 

lis 

K.i..', 

4 

l'J:i7 

:it) 

S«.s 

'■J 

7"-' 

S.  W 

N.  V. 

I.''7 

I- 

11 

!>. 

1 

n 

\.  W 

llil.i 

i!';! 

:i:i7 

U:l 

1'... 

Is 

■J7 

44 

.'-1 

-.■'. 

1 J 

M.-nrn.-li,    f 

1  i-J 

47' 

:i.-.:i 

Ill 

■M 

'J7  ■ 

ii.'.i;- 

■22 

Tr  II'  ;. 

-4 

-■" 

■::.\ 

■>'.> 

■-'■' 

:i- 

■:74 

'Co  olitaiii  the  ie>iillinL'  dircetiiin  of  the  w  iiiil  in  eaeh  month,  eaeh  .season,  and  for 
the  whole  \iar.  we  liist  take  the  iiiran  of  the  value.s  A',  iukI  A',,,  resii('i.'tivi'ly,  liir 
the  .same  months  in  the  ditferent  \eais  and  lind — 


'  Si'i' my  iliwiiiisiiin  nr  Dr.  Kiiiii''»  iiiM.L'iiiliiul  nliMrmlinii-,  in  Vol    X    of  llic  Siiiilli-niiiiiii  (.'oiili'ilni- 
liiiii    111  Kiiiiwliilt-'n,  I'-.is    |i   ■.!■. 


iii:c()iii)  AM)  niscussiON  of  force  of  avixd. 


77 


M.i\TU. 

/;,. 

/,'  „ . 

M.-.f    .• 

Till..  .• 

M.MM 

/.'.. 

/.■  „ . 

M;.-,\v 

Tni..  :. 

Sl'I»tcIllInT 

+  h'M 

4-'.iii4 

■til' 

■^',1'J' 

M.M, 

+    .Ml 

—     :'.ii 

:'.;pT* 

•J4',, ' 

(l.tnlnT 

+  1>1SJ 

+  ■1-.; 

17 

'Jtl!t 

..\|..il 

+  1.1,.., 

+  i;7" 

lif) 

-77 

N'MViMllIirr 

-'-    'JOl 

+  ^'•' 

i; 

-■"  ■> 

M.iv 

+  1"I4 

+  .',!.: 

-7 

-"'.' 

1) inl'.T 

--l.Vlll 

--  l-J 

:i|J 

^:!l 

.run.' 

—  !t:t7 

+  li'J7 

i:;j 

■.;4 

.Itini.irv 

--  1^'.:) 

+  171 

ir. 

-ti7 

.lulv 

+  74.'. 

+  - ',-, 

47 

J'.;i 

r..l.niaiv 

+  1-1.0 

:'..-.l 

■2i:\ 

.\il.il<t 

4-  7-:i 

s 

,;..',' 

-■'' 

Hy  iiiciuis  III' i!  A',  .-uiil  i;  A',    l"i'  llio  respect ivu  periods,  we  liiiil  the  following 
mean  (iii'ectioiis  : — 


M..;-n..ti. 


Wiiit.T  (  h...-4.inl>t.r,  .lami.trv,  (■".■l.niirs  j 
Sprii,,;  (M.ir  li.  .\l.iil.  .M.i>  j     .  .     '     . 

Siiliilii.-r  (.lull...  .Inly,  AiiL-tl-t> 
.\utiiriin  {  S.i.l..iiil...r,  O.  l..t..-r,  .\..v.nil'..r> 

V.MT-        . 


■..M 

■ji ; 

i:.  .;7-  N. 

::i 

J7.; 

!■:.    :i    ^. 

7- 

:iJ4 

i;.  .M  s. 

L'-J 

i;74 

i;.    4  s. 

l;i 

■J71 

i;.    1    s. 

Finiii  the  uho\e  I'l'.^iilt-^  we  see  that,  ill  ueiuTiil,  the  mean  Irii'  (lireetioii  of  the 
winil  is  riiiiii  the  east\vanl,  var_\  inu'  in  the  several  months  to  the  nerthwaril  anil 
soiithwarcj  ol'  it.  There  is  lint  one  i  \eeptioii,  namely:  in  the  month  of  .liiiie.  the 
winij  veers  ronml  to  the  uotuai'l  ol'  Mintli.  In  s[iriie/  anil  aiitninn,  the  resultiiiLi 
trill  ilii'eetion  is  allno^l  exaetly  ea^l,  as  well  as  for  the  whole  year:  in  wiutir  it  is 
J'].  N.  1']..  ami  ill  snmiiier  S.  K.  hy  S. 

An  ni'i'  ViliH-iti/  ill  llti  Miiii  />ii\  I  li'iii  iif  llii  Willi!. — The  averaLTe  veloeity  in  the 
mean  ilireetion  of  the  winil — or,  in  other  wonN.  the  mean  velocity  of  the  resulting 
wiiiil — which  is  neces-aiily  smaller  than  the  mean  velocity  of  the  several  wiiiils  on 
iicconnt  of  the  iieiilrali/alioii  hy  opposing  w  inils.  is  foiiml  liy  diviiliii::  the  ipiaiitity 
/i'  liy  the  actual  niiinher  of  oli>ei\iilioiis  (e.xchisive  of  calms).  Thus,  for  Sepleiuher, 
1  S-'io,  we  found  /i' = '.I'.'i,  II  the  iinmher  of  h.iiirs  of  olisi  i'\  ;ilions  =  ;)IS.  hence 
r  =  !i.'.)  miles  per  hour.  In  similar  manin'r,  1'  li:is  heeii  found  for  each  month  of 
the  _\ear.  In  the  tahle  lielow,  the  i|Uanlities  oppo>ite  the  months  from  Septemher 
to  .lamiary  inclusive,  are  mean  values  derived  from  the  \ears  IS'y'i]  and  Ibol,  and 
IS")  I  and  |,'^■■|■^ 


Mosni 


'I'.via.i.  ur  iiii:  .\li,  w  N'l.i...  n  \  ..i  iiii:  l;i:-i  i.ns.;  Winu. 


A' 


S..|.u.iiil.i.r  .  . 

o..i..l...r    .  .  . 

N..v,.iiil.,.r  ,  . 

ll,..vn[li,.r  .  . 
.liiliuiiry    . 

Ft.lTUarv  .  . 


li;i7 
ivi:; 

llllll 
n:::i 
r.:i4 


■Ji:i 
Ul.l 


M.ir.  Ii 
.\l.iil    . 
Mav      . 
.lull..     . 
.luly     . 

.\lU'U<t 


.\v..raL:..  I'  t..r  ili.'  wlnl.-  v.' 


.'.41 
l.'..-.:i 

:',;: 

ll:l.l 

l:i:iii 

441 

li';i7 
7-1 

::ini 

•J44 

.:.  niil 

-  |.,T 

iH.iir 

4." 


Having  found  the  n'snlting  direction  of  the  wind  and   its  m,  ,ii   \elocliy  in  thi< 
diieciion.  wc  proceed  to  determine  the    neaii  vrlocit\-  of  e:ich  wind. 


".s 


1!  Kcoi;  i>  A  N  i>  niscrssioN  o  i'  i-or.ci:  ok  w  ini<. 


^rtlll  \'(  hn-i///  11/  l/i'  U7//i/-.— 'I'llC  HM'IMl'i'  V('lil;'it_V  with  wllil'll  I'lU'll  (if  till'  c'i.V'llt 
uiiul-  |i;issi'S  (iviT  till'  |i'i:i('i'  of  cili-rl Wlliull  ill  I'Mcll  lllnlllll  IMhI  I'lT  tin'  wlu'lr  Vi'iir, 
is  I'dllllil  li_V  lliviilillL;  till'  SHIM  111'  tllcil'  \riiicil\  ■nuiulirls  ill  till'  licriml  liV  tlll'il' 
It'spci'tivi'  IlUlllluT  el' I'llllii  s  ill  till'  t.lMr;  thus.  I'cii'  llir  indiith  nl' Si'pti'liil  irr.  l^"i:'i, 
we  liavi.':  — 


!■   .,        1 

\       M   .    .N       1 

\.  ..'..■'tl... 

^   rii'..  ■      ■ 

M.    .r. 

Ihl.l'  1 

N     M*. 

>'  ;■',;■ 

N 

,t|,,',' 

M     '1 

^ 

11:: 

.'nil' 
■11.' 

■1" 

iM.ll 

1:.    . 

s.  !•:. 

i"i 

IM 

1.'. 

■J.  I 

1.:: 

s   W.   . 

w 

N.  \V. 

>iiiii-i 

IM<1    111' 

III 

-•■■'" 

il- 

7.:i 

111  ill''  r"ll"\\ill.;  tal'Ir  I'f  ill''  llliail  \cli"il\  nl'  llir  \\  iliil>,  llir  \a!ui-<  liil'  Si'p- 
tiiiiliT.  Orliilirr.  Niivriiil'i'i',  1  »''''iiil"i'.  iiii'l  .lami.irv  aii'  iiiraii  valin's.  A-;  in  tin' 
alii'Vc  (.'Xaiuplr.  llir  wciiililiil  iinaiis  al'c  L;i\i'ii  in  tlir  lalili'. 


V,    .    . 



M 

\\  -.1 

\i ' 

M.;- 

1  ,. 

,1  1 

>i, , , 

.M     !■   - 

,\!    ,.. 

\i  1. . 

\i  .. 

M,  ..- 

M    .  . 

M.!,  . 

.M  1.  . 

M    .. 

s. 

-.;' 

■ .  1 

■l.:i 

:i.  1 

I".' 

Ivl 

IJ  1 

l".l 

>•.  J 

Ii..l 

'.'.1 

.-.  \V.      . 

'•- 

11.1 

1  :. 

11.'-. 

7.1 

V    7 

J  :  1 

l.ii 

1  I.J 

■'.J 

1-'.'; 

11  .'. 

\V. 

,.^ 

::.  1 

J." 

1." 

1," 

1. ; 

J  '.' 

i:..t 

1".  1 

1.:. 

7." 

N. \V.    . 

-.7 

I..'. 

'■.  1 

1  .■• 

I.'. 

1  .* 

1.1 

7. J 

'.'.7 

1".  1 

i.j 

11.'' 

.N. 

1.7 

■J. : 

1," 

1.; 

■J.J 

ll.4 

1.7 

a.': 

'-.1 

j.'i 

J." 

.N.   1:.      . 
1;. 

1.'; 
1  '• 

I." 

1." 
11  ,-. 

1." 

1.". 

JJ.t 

■I..-. 

.,\. 

J." 
.'..1 

I..'. 
J 1 

4.- 

lU 

s  1:.      . 

•I.  ■■ 

'■..7 

II 

•  ■.'.' 

-■•' 

^.- 

.'..7 

■'■•■ 

II. 1 

\y.  :     .,1.-1    tu 

■IM 

i-i 

7.;' 

.- 

.•:.    1 

1.7 

7.1; 

■1 

-." 

■'..; 

7,1: 

ti.;' 

:'..'. 

'I'll''  wiii'ls.  tlifi'  full'.  I'l'iw  with  lli'ii'  Lrirat''>t  ~li'ciijlli  in  tlir  ni"iillis  nl'  Si'|>- 
triul.rr  aiiil  I),  ci'iii'n  r.  aii'i  with  llirirl''a-t  .-ti'rirjih  in  th''  inniith^  'it'  .March  ami 
.^!.l\  ;  ill  till'  I'lini'-r  iIm'  nii'aii  \il.iiilv  i~  '.i.i'',  aii'l  in  tin'  lalt'T  ra>i'  I  'J.  mile-  prr 
li'inr.  In  tin'  I'lllnwiiij  taM''  i>  rsliiliiti'il  iIh'  iii'iin  vrlmilv  I'f  rarh  wiml 
M'|iai.it'l\  ;  — 


lir.- 

■1.  ti.' 
■It. '11 

s. 

s 

\V 

w 

\ 

\v. 

\ 

N 

1: 

,< 

1:. 

.M. 

in  v.]  ..-in  it 

Ill 

I'-  l"'i'  " 

;   ( 

II  -J 

l.s 

t;.:i 

r..il 

( >r  all  wiii.l.-.  till'  .^.  W .  (iiiaL'iii'licl 
liluv,.-  with  till'  ;jl'i':il''-t  I'lil'i'i'.  aii'l  tlir 
iioitli  winil  witii  till'  Ir.i-t.  Till'  rrla- 
llmi  111'  the  vi'l'irily  111'  till'  wiii'l  to  il.'< 
(lin'ctimi  i>  I'liith'  1'  illii>l  lati  1  liv  tin'  1111- 
liL'.Mcl  dia'jrain. 


i;  iM'Di;  i>  A  N  i>  II  iscrss  I  ON  tti'  I'ni'.ci':  or  w  i  n  !• 


'.!! 


ijiiiiiili/i/  'III'/  H'l'ilin  i'l-Kjiii  iirij  i,f  ilir  W'liiil^. — 'I'lii'  Mini  iil'llic  \clcicity-niiiiilirrs, 
or  Ihr  iiiinili' I'  III'  milis  (rMvll.il  nvc!' Ky  lln'  iiir  in  :iny  liiivrtinii  liir  ;iiiy  ,i;i\ en 
liiTi'iil.  iiiiiy  111' ciillcil  llic  i|iiiintily  (7  I  nl'llif  w  iiiil  wliii'li  li;i-  licrii  t rnii-rrriTi  1  wwx 
the  |iliu-c  dl'  oli.-i'iA  iiliiin  (liii'iii:;'  lliat  liiin'.  ll  will  lint  Iii>  iirrcsiinvy  In  i;iki>  liilo 
iicciiuiit  the  vai'i;iliiins  in  the  linisily  cil' tlic  air.  iiml  llic  n iinilirr 'ji\ en  lirlnw  rcti'i--, 
tlicn  lori'.  tci  an  a\i'raji'  iliii-^ily.  'I'lic  \iiiii'ii\ -niiinliri-  'itA'  v\\A\  \\\\\A  ami  iimntli 
liavr  liic  II  ;;i\(  II  ill  a  |in'i  rilili;:  laliir;  lln-y  lci|ilirr,  laiuiM'T.  a  rdlTci  linn,  in  diilrr 
til  liiiil  '/.  liir  the  iicca.viiinal  niiii-.-inns  in  the  oliscrvatiuiis.  'riiiis.  in  S('|it('nilirr. 
IN'k'i.  11(1  (ilisiTvatiiiiis  wi'ir  irciirdcil  iliirini;'  lO'.t  lnnirs.  ami  we  may  asHinni'  (lial 
iliiriii;.;'  this  linn  tlir  srvcial  wiiiils  I  ini'|ii>ivi'  nrcaliu-)  (nciiri'i  il.  nrumiM  havi' 
cifiairicil  ill  i|iiaiilily  and  willi  a  rrrinicin'y  ilinclly  iiin|iiirtiiiiial  to  tlirir  iimnlirrs 
loiiinl  rniin  the  7l!II — I"'.'  rriiiaininu  Inaiis  ol'  tin'  inontli.  Al'liT  aildiii:;  this  pro- 
]ioi'liiinal  iininlii'r  till' carli  wind  ami  inoiitli.  ami  after  takiirj' iiiimii  \aliirs  for  llic 
.■^aiiii'  iiiniitlis.  llii'  I'.llouiiij  talilr  of  llir  (|iiaiitily  of  win.)  (7)  has  liorii  iiiailr  onl. 


r 


I 


Ml,      II. 

s. 

Inui. 

,., 

In 

1.1.         Mil.' 

A|nl 

M  .> 

.l.i;y 

Aitj 

-.  |.i. 

,v, 

N  iv 

II.. 

^r,ll. 

l«7 

7,.:.        I':| 

I-- 

t;.:s 

M 

■III  J 

V  ;.i 

.-,  l.-i 

•Jl- 

;>-, 

I.'7 

i:|l;i 

>  \v.  . 

71  ; 

7  •  1          -ll 

I..-.I1 

"■'I' 

"■\- 

••" 

17 

IJ.'I 

■..II 

i'i:i  ; 

177 

v,iii| 

w .  . 

7J 

■ji       la 

;i 

III 

','1 

II  ; 

1  :| 

ir.ii 

-- 

!■.;■ 

;ii'.- 

\.  w. 

r.i 

-■1        IM 

71 

■JM 

Il:i7 

'J  7.'' 

■IJ.-i 

:;IJ 

2,1 '. 

■'•7 

M 

N.    .      . 

ii-i         J 

.'ll 

l>   1 

-  'I'l 

:. ; 

-''7 

;:. 

;;. 

17 

1 

N.   1:.    . 

1:.    .      . 

;i 
I 

1         - 

■J  .'it        t'l 

" 

" 

ll)-' 
II 

1:1  • 
II 

:;ii 

■>.. 

II 

11 

|.;.i 

;'-.j 

.-.   1:.     . 

r:7 

•:\\ 

:'i|ii 
:iM 

■J|| 

•  ' 

■111 

.■..;| 

-■'■'' 

i;!'-, 

■1 ;  ■• 

IJI" 

■■-"" 

-"-■■ 

177'| 

■-•'-1 

-'■■" 

-'-"' 

171K 

-'■'■■■"■ 

j.'..-ii 

Till'  follow  iiiLr  talilo  i:i\i's  ihc  niiinln'r  of  hours  ilariii;.:  which  rarli  wind  hlrw.  oi" 
thr  rrlalivr  IViiiui'iicv  ol'  cMili  w  ;iil  fir  cvi'i'N-  III' '111  h. 


1 

.'.1 

Ill- 

It'. 

^1  ■> 

\  .. 

N    . 

1' 

-■Jl 

y. 

<a 

II 

■J  J 

iS 

.'ill 

11-.: 

.-.7 

.'..• 

S   W.  .     .     , 

-1 

f.'i 

17 

-", 

III.. 

:'.t\ 

■;^ 

II 

'.1  1 

:i.'i 

IJ 

IJ 

"ll" 

w.       .     .     . 

J  I 

II 

',1 

J.'i 

.".- 

1- 

Jl 

1.'. 

11 

1:1 

.\.  \v.      .    . 

l;i 

1  : 

■ll 

r .' 

I7:i 

i'7 

:■:> 

1 

J. 

1  1 

-1 

i-.;<i 

N.          .      .      . 

ji  1 

7 

111 

7t 

VI 

.1 

■J  7 

,:J 

. 

1.'. 

;i 

-'•7 

N.   1:.    .      .      . 

|.: 

:i 

II 

i> 

^^ 

4 
1 

II 

1: 
I'l 

IJ 

IJ 

\: 

It  ; 

s.  v..    ,     .     . 

117 

1-  1 

7  I 

7i; 

M 

n 

M 

>:| 

■1'. 

III 

I'- 

N '.' 

I'.ilm    .     .     . 

r;   .      k       .1!   : 

:  11 

:;|ii 

711 

.a.-, 

.'  1 ; 

i:.-. 

71  1 

M 

Ilil 

ii.ii 

l~l 

.|..-. 

7  1  1 

"T 

T .; 

7  1 1 

7_  . 

Til 

■-■ 

Thi'  [irci'nlin.j-  l.iliiil.ir  ir.-ults  havo  Iutii  laiil  down  'jraphiralU'  on  tin'  ari'oiii- 
li.iii_\iiii:  diagrams.  Tin'  two  ri'itaii'iiilar  dia'vraiiis  show  tlio  (|ii:iiilil\'  of  oarh  wiinl 
{'(.rcai'h  nionlli;  tin-  llrst  for  thr  dinu'lions  S.,  S.  W.,  W..  ami  N.  W.,  tin"  .second 
fill'  the  directions  N.,  X.  I'].,  M.,  and  S.  1'].  The  circular  diiiLirani  exhihils  tin-  i|iiaii- 
lity  of  each  w  iiid  for  llie  whole  year,  as  imlicateil  liy  a  full  line  aeconliiii!'  to  the 
.scale  at  till'  foot  of  the  diaurain.  It  likewise  shows,  hy  il  dotted  line,  tlu'  relative 
frec|neiu'y  of  each  wind  <liiviiii;'  the  year  (on  a  ten  tiil.e.s  lari,^er  soale). 


ill 


80 


in; colli)  AM)  DISCUSSION  oi'  I'o ucr;  oi-  wind 


N.W. 


Mfij'-'  \iili/i 


it  Aim 


Mnn  liNito 


NX. 


(Smil,  I 
-        -E 


SE. 


-1 
-  i- 
-i 
~i- 

-i- 

i" 


\- 


i;  K<'(|  I!  II    A  N  n    II  I  SC  t'SSlON    OK   l''()i;CK   OK    WIND.  si 

TIk'  iricMti'.-t  i|Miintilv  (if  air  iimvcil  over  ihc  pliicc  ihiriiij;'  llir  vrar  ciiincs  I'lMiii 
»  (|iiiirt('r  biiiiiidcil  l>v  llic  Inu'  diriH'tioiis  S.  Iv  liy  K.  ami  N.  N.  II.;  llic  incviiiliii^' 
wiiul  iil.-o  f(»iii('s  IViiiii  llii-i  (|ii.nlcr.  AVitli  tlic  cxcciitinii  of  true  S.  \V.  liv  S.  wiiHl.-i, 
tlicic  is  I'dinpariitivi'lv  liaidlv  aiiv  wiml  iVdiii  llic  rciiiaiiiiiij;  (liroctiuiis;  tin'  i|iia(l- 
iMiil  I)ct\v('fii  (tnic)  wc^t  mill  mil  ill  is  iiaiticiilailv  ilrrrdivc  in  tliis  i'i's|irfl. 

'I"Ik'  ckIiiis  Llivally  lircildliiilialr,  llirrc  licill;;'  illirilli;  the  vrar  lUcil'r  liniirs  nl'  calm 
(•"inr,:',)  lliaii  liiiiu's  111'  wiml  iVnni  anv  ilircctimi  (i'lliHT) — a  (.■irciimstaiu'c  ipiilc  clia- 
raclciistic  III'  llic  Idcaliiv. 

An  I'll/'  Ihiidlii'ii  i,f  til'  W'iiid^ — The  Hiimli'  r  nC  I  uii>cciilivc  Iniuis  ihirin.L'  wliicli 
any  mic  wiml  lil.w  i-<  L:ivcii  in  llic  tabic  lidnw.  Il  cmilains  a\cra;jc  \alncs  imulc 
out  \\\i\i\  all  oliscrvatiniis  iliifim;  llic  scvcniccn  immtlis.  'i'lic  luiiiilicr  cil'  con-ccu- 
tivc  liiiurs  iliiriiig  wliidi,  on  llic  uNiTaiic.  calms  laslcil.  is  likewise  jiivcii. 

M.iili  .liir^ili..|i. 
.       ■-'     .1 


M, 

^•^u^\.■  iliiiv 

s, 

s  \v 
w 
\  w 

N.    . 

i..n 

Mt'iiii  'liinili 

>n. 

Mil, 

lU'lii'  <lir 

.III-. 11 

•J'    .K 

N.  K. 

.     J.n 

s  v.. 

■)  7 

(':illri 

lliiliilhiii  nf  |)7//(/v. — Owinir  In  llic  j;rcal  iinmlici'  nf  calms,  ami  partly,  also,  to 
llic  ;_'ciicrally  small  i|uaiility  ami  velocity  nl'  tlie  winds  lielwccn  the  (true)  .*^.  ami 
(Inic)  N.  \V.  iliiti'tiiiiis,  |)o\c's  law-  III'  i-ntation  camiol  well  lie  vdilieil  in  lliis 
Incalily.  'I'lieie  is,  lioucver,  a  tcmlcm'y  of  llic  ma,L;iielic  ."^.,  S.  V...  ami  \\.  (K.  N.  J'l., 
N.  \.  K.,  ami  N.  N.  NV.,  triicl  winds  to  sliil't,  in  accmdance  willi  the  law,  in  tlio 
|iro[inrtinii  111'  iliiec  ca-cs  I'nr  In  niie  case  a::aiii>l  il.  nr  willi  a  iehiti\c  [Unlialiilily 
ill'  tlifcc-roiirtlis  in  favor  nf  ilm  law. 

S'nii  mi  flu  ( hfiirn  nil  iij'dit!,-. —  I'etueeii  Se|i|rnilier  Isl,  1  >  ."I'l,  and  .Iain  .iry 
'J  I  til,  l>"i-"i,  tlii'Tc  were  recoriled  lliiileeii  iialcs  (with  a  liirce  nl'  7  and  alin\e.  and  a 
duration  nl'  imt  less  than  two  hniir-;.  The  dale,  diieclinii,  and  diiialinii  nl'  ihe.-e 
•'ales  i.s  shown  in  the  rnllowiiii;  table. 


Untc 

(irlLTJll   .lllfll,' 

.lir.-.'li.ti 

1^.. 

1      Sill 

;:ii 

.-<.  w 

Oil. 

!.•! 

s  i:. 

N.n. 

L*'! 

s  \v. 

II.T, 

1- 

,-<  i;. 

l-.'l 

1      ,l:lll 

]:: 

.•s  i:. 

,1.111. 

!-•    Ill 

s  \v 

liiir.iti'.n 
li;'' 

10 


.lin.-li  n, 
I-"..;      Il.v    111  S.   K,  -J' 

jlir     L'^  .•<      !■:.  -J-J 

l-.M     fill,  7  ,>;   iv  :; 

IMi,  1.1    111  .<  1 

.\i'i'ii  i:.  n;         .■<  \v  7 

.liiiii'  17  .•<  \V  :; 

.liilv  -Js  .-<  \V  1; 

The-c  ;.;ale>  do  not  aiipcar  to  he  conliiicd  lo  any  jiai  I  uailar  s^.lMln  of  the  \ear. 
On  the  avcraiic  they  last  ,se\en  hours,  and  in  siimiiicr  they  haxc  a  lcndi'iie\  lo 
blow  I'roin  the  .'~^.  \V.  (Iriie  \\.  i>.  V.A.  and  in  winter  I'rom  the  i"^.  I'',,  (true  N.  N.  K.l. 
'I  licse  two  dircelioiis  are  the  only  ones  I'rnin  which  ualcs  we're  obser\ed. 

'I'll'  niiininlrii-  mill  liii'imi'  /li'-  Wiml  A'om  . — The   invesliualinn   of  the  connection 
of  the  tcmiieraliiro  and  wciliIiI  of  the   atmospheie  with   the  dirretion  of  ihe  wiml, 
will  be  I'niind  ill  the  discussion  of  the   oliscrv  aliens  for  teini  eralnre  and  bainmeliic 
liressiire.  parts  I  and  III  nf  Ibis  paper, 
n 


i  )" 

1 

<;ii 


i 


ii 


S2 


lli;(M»l!l)   AMI    IHSCrSSlOX   OK    I'OIiCi;   OK   WIND 


li'iliilidii  iif  till-  JUiir/iiiii  iif  till  W'iiiil  lit  llii  Alllitiliil  iif  Sii'iir  {iir  li'iliii). — Tlit> 
ilcpciiilriu'i'  ol'  tin'  full  ol'  .-imw  (or  niiii)  mi  tlic  ilirt'clinii  iif  lii"  wiiiil,  is  slmwii  in 
till'  liiUnu  iiiL'  t  iliU',  \\liicli  ciiMliiiiis  llic  ii;:j:n'^Mti'  niiinlM'i' ol'  htmi'-i  (luring  which 
snow  (or  ruin)  IMl  tor  iiny  diu'i'lion  of  tlic  wind  nml  dnrini:  ciilins. 


ti"ii  iiii;i|;  ) 

n..i,r,. 

|lil('i'li..ii  ,1 

■"«■) 

Itonn. 

S.     . 

.     ,'ii' 

N.  i;. 

, 

fi 

s.  w. 

.     71 

K.  . 

.      Ill 

w. 

i;i 

S.  K. 

. 

.    7r. 

N.  W.       , 

.     III! 

Calm 

.  aa>* 

X. 

.      lo 

TnlMJ 

ill 

.  71" 
7  iii'iiitli 

Till'  snowv  (or  rainv)  (lunrtcr  is  hctwrcn  X.  N.  K.  (tiiici  and  I'..  S.  V.  driic'l, 
or  I'roni  the  diirrtinn  ol'  lln'  Siiil/liciL'i'ii  Scii.  Mild  also  froin  tin'  direction  S.  S.  \V. 
(true),  or  from  llic  ii|i|icr  IJallin  IJay.  Uiiriiii:  almost  half  the  time,  it  snowed 
(lurinir  calms.  I''rom  the  dinetioiis  W.  N.  \V.  (triw)  and  N.  N.  \V.  (tine),  there 
was  havdlv  any  ineciiiitalioii, 


w  ) 


PA  KT    III. 


Hi 


ATMospirMun;  piimssiiiim 


tm 


'■  }  1 


^.-^^o. 


'^^^  V  "^\^ 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


(^^J^ 


'/. 


^ 


1.0 


1.1 


IM 


i 


2.2 


11.25  nyu 


£f  lit 

1.6 


Photographic 

Sdences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STRUT 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14SS0 

(716)873-4503 


%'M!^ 

4^%^ 
^4s 


C\ 


\ 


Itll'Olll)  AM)  DISCISSION  OF  TIIK  ATMOSlMIKIilC  rilKSSIlii;. 


The  haronu'tric,  observntions  at  Viin  Ronssolaor  Ilurljor,  Nortli  Grooiiliind,  wcw 
made  Iioiirly,  ami  oonnncHPO  .Timo  8tli,  IS.'):',.  'J'hc  locorcl  now  availahlc,  li(i\v(ni'v, 
coiniiu'iicc'.H  with  Junu  ^7tli,  185'?,  and  oxtonds  to  .Famiary '24tli,  ISoo.  Tlie  mean 
daily  values  Hiilweqiient  to  tiii.s  date,  up  to  April  22d,  1855,  inclusive,  togetlior 
with  the  correspondiuf;  mean  temperature,  are  to  he  iouiid  in  Ap|)endix  No.  XII. 
second  volume  of  the  Narrative  of  the  Exjiedition.  It  is  proposed  to  discuss  hen^ 
the  oijservations  taken  lu^tween  Scptemlier  1st,  lS5;j,  when  the  brig  entered  her 
winter  ([uarters  in  Van  Kensselaer  l>ay,  and  January  21tli,  1S55,  at  which  dati' 
the  log-book  on  hand  terminates. 

/iinlrKineiits. — The  expedition  was  provided  with  a  mercurial  barometer  and  two 
ancroi<ls.  The  mercurial  marine  barometer  was  made  for  Dr.  Kane  by  Mr. 
Tagliabue,  of  New  York.  Its  leiijitli  was  thirty-tiirce  and  a  half  inches;  it  liail  a 
brass  scale  seven  inches  in  length,  and  a  glass  cistern  witli  an  adjusting  point  for 
the  surfiice  of  the  mercury.  In  its  adjustment,  the  correction  for  capillarity  was 
included.'  The  readings  are  exi)resscd  in  English  inches.  The  aneroids  have  the 
numbers  47'J(i  and  1100.  Of  these,  the  first  one  was  read  daily  (and  hourly)  freni 
the  commencement  of  the  record  (June  'J7th,  lS5o)  till  its  conclusion  (January 
'JItli,  1S55).  That  aneroiil  ITIHI  (and  not  1400)  was  thus  used,  I  infer  finui  a 
note  in  Mr.  Somitag's  report  dated  (iodhavn,  September  12lh,  1S55,  anil  in  which 
he  refers  to  the  com[Kirisons  between  this  aneroid  and  the  mercurial  barometer- 
for  the  purpose  of  deducing  the  corrections  to  the  former.  These  comparisons,  a^ 
found  recorded  in  the  volume  containing  meteorological  constants,  commence  witli 
Se|)tember  .'iOtli,  IS5.'!,  and  end  on  January  Dth,  18.)  t — IJo  in  number. 

Tlie  readings  of  the  mercurial  barometer  connnence  October  24th,  IS'io.  and 
terminate  witii  .lanuary  '.Mlh,  1S55.  The  preference  has  been  given  to  these 
readings.  The  indications  of  the  aneroid  were  only  used  for  the  time  biMwiM'ii 
Si'[itember  Island  October  I2lth,  185:J;  its  readings  are  also  valuable  as  corroli.i- 
rating  those  of  the  mercurial  baromet(>r. 

The  aneroid  was  kept  on  deck  till  September  I'.Uh,  ISJ:!,  !•  A.  M.,  when  th<' 
temperatuii'  was  so  low  that  the  attached  thernionieter  failed  to  ricord.  The 
in.struinent  was  then  taken  into  the  caliin;  its  position  there  was  six  feet  lower 
than  on  deck. 

In  his  rediii'tion  of  a  part  of  the  alwve  tj5  comparisons  between  the  mercurial 


=1: 


'  Tin"  nlmve  liiformnliDn  of  till' poiHlnicliiiii  nr  llio  inslnimcnt  wm-i  n ivi>il  from  ttic  iniilicr.     Siwlc 

mill  I'isii'ni  wi'i iinii'li'il  liv  lirii-i<. 


S(i     i!i;c(M!i)  AM*  I)  iscrss  ION  oi'  AT.MosiMiKi!  ic  I' II  i:  s  s  r  U  Iv 


iiiul  iiiicroiil  biiiomi'tors,  tin.'  ivdiictuni  of  tlio  former  to  tliu  toinperiitinv  '.i'l"  is 
iipplieil  l>y  Mr.  Somitng,  astrononiur  to  the  cxiu'dition,  for  the  cuw  of  a  brass  con- 
iic't'tioii  Ix'twcoii  tlie  cistern  ami  scale.  Table  No.  XVII.  Series  C,  p.  O;!,  in 
(luyot's  Meteorological  and  Physical  Tables,  edition  of  ISuH,  pre[)ared  for  tin? 
Smithsonian  Institution,  answers  this  case,  and  has  been  adopted  by  nie  for  the 
fem[)erature  rediictioiis.  This  reduction,  in  general,  is  not  very  preat,  as  may  be 
seen  on  p.  4'2o,  Appendix'  No.  XIF.  of  the  second  vohnne  of  the  Narrative,  wlieiv 
the  mean  readings  of  the  att:iclieil  tbermnmi'ter,  fur  the  year  IS'it,  is  uiven 
as +40°.:!. 

llfiliictiiin  11/  l/iv  AiKiiild  to  tlif  .U(  niiiliil  Jiunniii  ft  r. — A  ni'inber  of  comparisons 
of  the  two  instruments,  for  the  [)urpose  of  reducinfj;  the  readings  of  the  lirst  to 
their  e(|uivalent  values  by  tiio  second  instrument,  were  made,  as  stated  above. 
The  dilVereuces  in  the  indications  of  the  mercurial  and  anoroid  barometers,  or 
M — ^1,  may  be  suppo.-<ed  to  be  jiropdrtional  to  the  Nariations  in  ]MVssure  ami  tem- 
perature, and  may  ijc  re[)resented  by  the  e(|uation 

/;  r=  .1  -f.  r  +  III  (.1  — inciiii  luTssiiri')  -)-  .1  (  7' — nu'iiii  liMii|H'niluiv), 
'■  being  an  index  error.     The  (piantities  c,  m,  11,  are  to  be  determined  from  the 
following  comparisons.      In  the  absence  of  any  better  inforinatioii,  the  attaidied 

thermometers  wi're  supposed  IVi f  index  error.     The  comparisons  were  made  by 

.Mr.  Sonntag. 


T\iiii:  1 

r   CnM 

'\I1IS1 

IN-:  nr 

ANKItiilli    I! 

MidMKTKll    \( 

.    17 

1(1    WITH    T\i 

l.lAiiri 

.'s 

.Mkii 

■1  111.11. 

It.Mli 

MUTKIl. 

\.. 

Hal.. 

n.iM 

M.f.iiiuil 
iMr.'i.,.- 

.I'i'.l 

.(ii'.r.'.'l 

I'.T ■ 

tii'i 

Ih.  r 

-M...  11...- 
r.f.Tr.-'i 
1"  •;» 

.N.. 

I..,'.- 

ll.iur 

.U..i'riirl»l 
l>Hr»iit'*- 

.(((.1 

(l.tT 

.\nfri.l'l 
I'Hrwiiio- 

.(ll.l 
ll..r 

M.r  1 1'.r. 
n-f'Trftl 
ti.  Mrae 

— 

lh-.;i 

I'T 

I'K.ll 

'"'■ 

— 

l-r. 

l«lii|i. 

IlLl'l. 

T' 

li'.'h 

huh. 

l-.l:l 

h..li. 

lu.'li. 

.. 

I..ch. 

1 

Si'i.l.  :'.ii 

•.:i 

2;i.'.ii;2 

21. :l 

1111.11(1 

iir. 

llll.li,'-" 

:..'. 

N..V.  :iii 

21 

211.7:1" 

nil." 

211.(17 

77 

211.832 

2 

0,.,     1 

2 

2;i.;i2.'i 

2:1.8 

2ii.!i:t 

72 

:ii..ii.'..'. 

:ii; 

!).■'■.    :l 

21. r. 

•211.8:1:) 

111.0 

211.7(1 

Ml 

211.1152 

:i 

1 

\i 

2'.'. 7'.'" 

1 1.11 

211.  h4 

112 

2:1.1.27 

:i7 

"        4 

21..-. 

211.114" 

:I7." 

211. .''8 

71 

211.740 

4 

1 

■i.\ 

2:i.ii:.:l 

21.7 

211. lit! 

7" 

21i.7'-i' 

:is 

.'. 

21. r. 

211.448 

:iii.5 

2ii.:w 

80 

211.5112 

r, 

- 

\2 

2'.i.44ci 

ITi.tl 

211. 4i; 

711 

21...'**2 

:iip 

li 

21.:. 

21i.(iii(i 

;!2." 

21l.ii21 

7i. 

211.776 

1; 

m 

J- 

2:1.11;.'. 

22.11 

211. 1 11 

71; 

21i.:i(i.'i 

.  4" 

7 

21..1 

2:1.721 

:il.4 

211.(18 

7(1 

211.843 

7 

;i 

:i 

211.122 

:u.2 

211.1s 

(14 

211.1:111 

41 

s 

21. r. 

2;i.ii-ii 

27.(1 

211.  (ill 

74 

211. -U 

s 

;; 

12 

211.14" 

2'i.*' 

2n.22 

(..'. 

211.24" 

42 

11 

21..1 

2:1. -1" 

:i(;.2 

211.78 

71 

211.1153 

<l 

:t 

:i:i 

21i.;iiis 

211." 

2ii.:i.'i 

(14 

211.4(111 

4:1 

"     I" 

21..1 

211.87" 

41.1 

211.80 

74 

211.11.1(1 

lil 

..     •J4 

2li..'i 

2l'.7i;.'i 

411.2 

211.711 

7- 

2;i.>-:;ii 

44 

•     11 

21..-. 

211.1112 

:i7.(i 

211.110 

77 

:i(i.(i5!i 

II 

"     li.'i 

2i>..'i 

liii.Ki.') 

4>-.ll 

lln.d.'i 

7H 

:i(i.'244 

4.'. 

"     l:l 

2I..1 

;iii.(i22 

:i7.(i 

211.11:1 

8l 

30.140 

12 

"      '2i'i 

21 

21'.!'iiii 

41.4 

211. hi 

7li 

IKi.ii.M 

4ii 

••     14 

21.1 

■211.8118 

:i:i.2 

211.81 

811 

:io.o:!o 

::! 

"     -7 

21 

211. Mill 

:l:i.ii 

211.74 

7.'i 

2:1.1111 

47 

•'     ir, 

21..1 

21i.8lili 

:i4.7 

211.711 

82 

211.1181 

I'« 

N,.v.    4 

21 

211. 7:12 

mi.ii 

211.(17 

75 

2:i.i-:i.'i 

4'* 

III 

21.1 

211.8(12 

:i7.2 

211.7.1 

711 

211.1112 

1.- 

."i 

21 

2im;iii 

:i4.i; 

21i..'-i:i 

7s 

211.72:1 

411 

"     1- 

■J  1.5 

:iii.ii(i(i 

4". 2 

2:1.-11 

80 

llo.loii 

1.; 

■'        *! 

21 

21P..'-2.'i 

42.:t 

21I.T:i 

7S 

211.1122 

.'.11 

"     2" 

21.1 

:l(  1.1(11 

:i:i.2 

llO.oo 

711 

:io.2ll 

17 

■■       7 

21 

2ii.iii;ii 

:i7.2 

21i.h7 

"s 

:iii.ii7.'> 

.'.1 

'•      21 

21. .1 

2:1.471 

4ii.li 

211.4:1 

71 

211.1117 

Ij. 

K 

21 

iii.'.iiii 

:)4.2 

211.-4 

7.1 

;iii.(i2i> 

r)2 

"      22 

21.1 

21i.7ii(i 

42.(1 

211.70 

7:1 

2'1.858 

I'.i 

0 

21 

2'i. 2:111 

;i2.ii 

211.211 

77 

2:1. :i4.'. 

.'.:l 

..     2:1 

21.1 

:!i..l88 

4".  5 

:i(i.o7 

82 

:i".:iol 

•Ji 

..      Ill 

21 

2ii.:i:iii 

:ih..'i 

211.211 

711 

211.4:111 

.'.4 

"      24 

21.1 

:iii.2:lii 

:11.2 

:io.l:l1 

8(1 

:io.350 

■1\ 

••      11 

21 

2:i.k:> 

41. li 

21I.47.''. 

"il 

21l.(14.'i 

.15 

"      25 

21.1 

:i".27(> 

4(1." 

:i(i.l75 

77 

30.3119 

L'J 

..      i'^ 

21 

:iii.l:iii 

;):'.2 

liii.ii.'i 

"(1 

:t(i.22s 

(ill 

"      2(1 

21.1 

211.421 

4ii." 

211. :15 

78 

211.508 

•J:i 

"      1:1 

21 

:iii.2l:i 

:i4.s 

;tii.i4 

72 

mi.iKiii 

07 

"    :u 

21.6 

211.(11(1 

41.0 

211.  Ill 

78 

211.707 

■M 

"      l.'i 

21 

211.-11.1 

211.11 

211.K2 

74 

:i"."l(i 

18.14 

"      17 

21 

2:i.7r.ii 

;i".2 

211.7(1 

7*1 

211.-72 

.18 

J.'iii.    1 

21.5 

211.(100 

4:1.0 

211 11 

711 

211.11115 

-t| 

"      Is 

21 

2:i.7;!r. 

.'12.  N 

21i.i;7.'i 

77 

2ii.h.'.:t 

511 

"      :i 

21.1 

2li.:i"ii 

:i7.o 

211.27 

7ii 

211.400 

27 

"    :;ii 

21 

211.720 

211.2 

211.117 

74 

•J'l.Klls 

«ii 

"      4 

22.1 

2:1.110 

:li:.1 

211.47 

77 

211, 1117 

'Jf* 

"    111 

22 

2H.777 

24.  H 

211.7:1 

7(1 

211.1112 

III 

"      .1 

2r!i 

211.511 

45.0 

211.H 

71 

211.5113 

•Jli 

,.      2J 

21 

211.1122 

:t4.rp 

211.  >•  I 

S(l 

3(1.(144 

02 

'■      It 

21.1 

211.711" 

4j.1l 

211.70 

7- 

211.882 

:i(i 

..  j; 

2'i 

211.111  il 

:):!.7 

21I..W 

77 

211.7:1(1 

i;:i 

"       7 

21.1 

21i.7ii" 

47.:l 

211.118 

74 

211.831 

:n 

"      Li.l 

21" 

21i.i;ii.1 

:l.''.2 

2:i..ir> 

7.'i 

211.71111 

(14 

"          8 

21.1 

211.1125 

;i7." 

211.1111 

7" 

30.013 

;tj 

*•     -7 

21 

211.21" 

41.11 

211.17.'. 

S4 

211.1121 

ur. 

"          11 

21.5 

211.7(1(1 

4:1.0 

211.115 

74 

211.781 

t.       ^^ 

21 

22 

42.4 

41.:; 

211. :i2 

711 

211.47" 

2:1. ".'.l 

;;:; 

■•    ^:i 

2J.ilil.'i 

211. .'.11 

7.'. 

Mi'.'ins 

21".  1172 

71.78 

211.  S31 

K  !•:  C  ()  It  1)   A  \  I)   DISCUSSION    0  1'  A  T  M  0  S 1'  H  K  K  1  C    I'  1!  K  S  S  U  11  K.      ,S7 


The  ciiiistiuit  <■  is,  t  hero  fore,  +  0.1 -VJ  iiiclics,  nt  a  mean  temiioniturc  7-J°.7S  iind 
n  ineaii  barometric  pivstiiuv  2'J.8j1.  To  deduce  the  coeflieient.s  m  and  »,  the  cor- 
rection c  has  (ir.-it  ix'en  applied  to  the  aneroid  readings.  The  foliowiiiff  differences 
wore  llieii  formed  :  Jt—  {A  +  c),  (A  +  c)  —  2'J.831,  and  7'— 7-J^S.  We  tlien  have 
the  05  conditional  eiiuatioiiK : — 

1.     _(1.07'.l=  +(t,;iL>Sm —1(1.8,1 
1>.     —Il.dlil  =  +0.i>,-.S)/i  —  li.S/, 

y.    —OM'ri  =  +ii.I(;hhi  — l:!.S/i 
4.    — i).(i;i',i  =— (i.di-iHi  —  fi.sH 
dc.  I'ic. 

Their  soldtion   i'dnii.'^hes  iii  and  «.     Making  fir.st  the  coeiricicnt  of  n  a.s  great  as 
posnible,  I'V  addition  and  change  of  sign  of  th(.>  eiiuatioii  when  necessary,  we  find 

:;o.'J.4h  +  (I..S4l!w  =  +1.:174 

ul',       ,1  =   +(l.(l(Mi7.')  —  (1.(104  ,11, 

and,  in  like  inanner,  in  results  from  the  equation — 

li.rifiwi  +  40  H  =  +l.i;i(( 

HI  m  +(1.072,         and  »  =  +n.(H)().'» 

Hence  the  formula  for  reduction — 


ln.-h, 
y;=  .1  +  II.  l.'i'.l  +  0.(I7-J  (.1  ■ 


Inch 
■  J.m;7:;j  +  II.oim;.",  (  y_  7.-,''.8). 

To  show  the  result  iiy  the  fonnula  in  exiieiiu;  eases,  the  following  eight  eoni- 
parisons  are  here  inserted. 

In.li.  liu'h. 

Nil    ;i  >  ,  <('c)m|iiitcil  reading  />'  =  L'li.'.ii,  same  iili«'rvi'il  (.1/)  =  •J'.l.'.p.i 


.,       ,         I.IUMSI    lclll|l. 

•■  :;i'  •  ( 

lliL'llL'.Sl    ll'llip. 

"   41. )        ^  '  * 

••  ii:l>  C 

,.   r ,  .   tilTat(•^t  iiri'ssurr  , 

54  >  '  C 

(',  > 


L".I.4I, 

ail.;!.'., 

811.(13, 

80.31, 

30.  Uf), 

an.;!:!, 
ao.au, 

a'.i.4o 
'j'.i.;!j 
,'!ii.(i:i 
:)(!.. '11 
."o.:!.") 
an.  Ill 
ati.ao 


HinVrvrir.'- 
—0.01 

+  (l.(ll 
+  (Mp;> 

11.011 

(1.(1(1 
(i.nii 
+(i.oa 

+  0.(13 


,.     ,     l.wisl  prcs.^iiri' 

These  dilfereiices  prove  a  siiiVu'ieiit  a[ipi'o.\iinatioii  in  the  terms  of  the  above 
('xpression,  and  likewise  leave  no  doubt  that  the  indications  of  the  aneroid  may 
generally-  In'  relied  on  to  nearly  within  one-hundredth  of  an  iiieh, 

To  lacilitate  the  reduction,  the  following  table  of  corrections  has  lieen  calculated 
aecordini!;  to  the  above  formula: — 


TIH 

1.1' 

ai" 

•iy 

;i(r 

rKMl'K.li.Vl 
400 

1  UK. 

B2».5 

55°.0 

r>7-\.', 

45» 

80° 

2'.i.0 

:ii>.o 

TP.R, 

— O.'^S 

— o.ii 

-O.Jl 

0(1°.  0 

— O.-J.-i 

-  <i.ls 

(la'.r. 

+o.o:t 

1  <\,u: 

1  I'.W 

— o.-j-j 

-o.ls 

ll.l.-l 

(Ift'.O 

+0.04 

i  cVOv 

l".ll 

-O.lll 

-O.l.'i 
-    ".12 

i;7'.r> 

+0.0S 

)    O.lMl 

liM;l 

—  0.12 

— (I.O'.l 
— 0.(>.'l 

7o\o 

+0.07 
fiMl 

to.l.-. 

—0.01) 

-0.0.', 
—  0,02 

72 '.f) 

+  0.0(1 

f-n.l:l 
+0.I1; 

— (i.od 
—(1.02 
+0.01 

7ri».o 

—0.04 

0.00 

+0  03 

77-.r. 

—0.02 
+0.01 
+0.05 

SO'.O 

—0.01 
+0  o;i 
+0.07 

21I.0 

;tii.o 

+0.01 

|.o.ii4 

+0.11 

1-0.14 

^■0,l^ 

+0.1  :t 

-i-o.lii 
■(-0.1:1 

+  0.21 

I    1 


1      I 


It 

i     'I 


SS       KKCOItl)   AM»    niScr  SSION    ()!•'   ATM  OS  I' 11  i:  I!  IC    I'ltKSSU  1!  !■;. 

Till'  liDinly  ivconl  of  the  Imnmu'tcr  and  attiicliiMl  llicrinoiiu'tiT  rcniliiiixs  is  jiivi'ii 
for  moan  local  tiim*,  Kii,^lisli  IiicIr's  and  divuMvcs  (rf  Faliroiihoit,  niul  for  nil  avonifio 
I'U'viitioii  of  till'  cistt'iii  of  till'  1):ii'(iiiutt'r  almvc  the  incau  U'vcl  of  tlio  wa  of  five 
ll'ct. 

[■'or  tliL'  inuiitlis  of  St'[iU'iulii'r  and  Oi'tolicr,  ls"i."),  the  iKiromi'tru'  and  flicnno- 
mc'trii.'  means  aiv  not  dircL'tlv  i'()Mi|iarMl)li'  villi  tlie  I'orrrcpondint!;  fi^nrt's  in 
A|i|ii.'ndi\  No.  XI.  of  tiio  Nairativo  (lid  vol.)  I(>r  this  riMson :  In  the  Ajipendix  the 
uncorrcoti'd  niiiToid  reailinfrs  are  pivcn,  while  the  [iresent  ah^tiiiet  foiitains  the 
ponvcted  or  referred  reading's  arcoriliiiLr  to  the  iu'ei'idiiif.'  inveslijriition.  After 
Oetoher  2;!d.  tlie  readiirjs  of  the  nierenrial  harometer  take  the  plaee  of  the  aneroid 
readinirs. 

A  star  (■'')  altaeliid  to  any  date  in  the  liiUowiiiL'  record  indicates  tli.it  a  corre- 
spondinLr  remark  will  lie  fi)inid  in  tlie  notes  ii|i[ieiiiled  to  the  ahstrai't. 

Occiisional  omis.Nions  in  the  hourly  record  o(  either  harometer  or  thirmoiiieler 
readiliLis.  as  .<cen  hy  the  hlanks  in  the  tahle,  ha\e  in  all  cases  liceil  siiii[ilied  hy 
simiile  interpolations  liefoie  the  means  (hourly  or  daily)  were  taken,  in  order  to 
Liive  the  re.-idt  independent  of  these  omi:-.ioiis. 


RECORD   AND   DISCUSSION   OF  ATMOSPHERIC   PRESSURE. 


80 


IluCltl.Y  Allsril.VCT  (It-  TIIK  IlKADlNdS  (IK  TlIK  IJAlld.MKTEll  A.M)  AtT.U'IIF.D  TnElOIOMKTEIl  AT  VaN  UeNSSELAEK  IIaKIIOU,    | 

III  S('|iteiiilicr,  IHn:),  in  Lut.  "8°  3T,  Lonj?.  70°  filj'  W.  of  Orcciiwioli. 

Aneroid  Boroniuler  in  euljiii.     29  inches  +.    UeuUings  in  English  iiielas  und  degrees  of  Fnhrcnlioit. 

I>.,. 

Ih. 

2h.      1       3I1. 

4I1. 

Ineti.l    " 

Bh. 

6I1. 

7U. 

8h. 

Oh. 

lOli. 

Xlli.      1     NuoD. 

13>i.      1 

Itirh.l    » 

Inrli 

"      lupli,'    0 

liipli.     " 

Incti 

0 

hirh.'    " 

Inch.     «    'inc'li 

0 

Iiirti. 

0 

liiPli.     "      Inrli,  i    0    !Inch.     =     1 

iKt 

.811    (!S 

.79 

04      .80    08 

.81  '  CI) 

.78    03     .70 

03 

.70    74 

.74    74     .73 

73 

.71  1 

70     .72    72     .70    71      .09    00 

2i| 

.(17     (17 

.119 

119       .119    09 

.08     08 

.70    76      .70 

7:1 

.09    72     .117    08      .08 

70 

.00  ' 

08     .00    08     .07    07      .09    00 

:i(i 

.71     (iH 

.72 

US       .72    08 

.74    70 

.71    00      .71 

04 

.72    04 

.72    04     .74 

05 

.74 

04     .75    00      .77    72     .70    70 

4tii 

.«;i   lis 

.81 

110       .83    08 

.80     04 

.81    00      .80 

04 

.84     08 

.80    73      .84 

72 

.83  ' 

70     .82    07     .81    00     .87    71 

rnii 

.t*!l     llli 

.911 

no      .SB     03 

.93    70     .87    72     .84 

05 

.80     05 

.85     04      .85  ! 

04      .86  ■ 

08      .83    70     .83 :  70     .78    05 

lilh 

.HI 

(15 

.80 

110       .88     OS 

.80     00      .83  ■  02      .80 

04 

.80     04 

.80     02       .80  ' 

00      .85  ' 

05      .85    03     .85    63     .86    06 

Till 

.05 

lis 

.63 

09      .57    71 

.40     71 

.38    07      .39 

70 

.34     09 

.31    00      .28  1 

06 

.30 

68     .36  '  72     .34    72     .20    75 

hth 

.25     71) 

.2.1 

71  1  .24    08 

.22    06 

.23     03      .25 

71 

.24    09      .25    OS      .2-1 

07 

.271 

68  1 

.27    08     .27    68     .25    04 

mil 

.32    OH 

.22 

0(1  ':  .30    52 

.32    52 

.33    64      .33 

54 

.33    62      .35    59      .3(1 ' 

112 

.38; 

04 

.37    04     .30    04     .37    00 

Kuli 

.:m 

Git 

.38 

(10  :  .41     112 

.40    (11 

.4:1 '  06     .43 

05 

.43    02      .40    04      .47 

08 

.40 

07  i 

.45    no     .46    06      ..50    00 

•nth 

.411 

112 

.4'1 

0:t  1  .49    0:1 

.4ii    03 

.47 

54      .48 

02 

.60    04      .5(1    05      .52 

117 

.53; 

1.8 

.53    00      ..50    05      .50     05 

iJtii 

.57 

11:1 

.1)9    02  1  .59    il:t 

.04    0:1 

.07 

00     .07 

o:i 

.05    01      .lis    04      .08 

0:' 

.70  ,  00 

.70    05      .71     08      .71     08 

l:itli 

.4:1 

115     .5:1    (17     .49    111!     ,52    (i:i 

.52 

00      ..54 

07 

.6:1    0:1      .67    02      .57 

02 

.60    01 

.57    02      .57    112      .54    04 

•  mil 

.52 

nil      .5:1     (12      .51     Ml      .55     118      .55 

09      .54 

07      .56     08      .52    i'7       .49 

0:1  '  .54    07  1 

.5:1    no      .5:1    09      .51     00 

l.'ith 

.:i.'i 

211      .41     21       .42    22      .411    22      .IKl 

17     .:i7 

18     .:18    is     .:is    H     .4:1    24  I  .41:  23  1 

.42    24      .41     24      .41     20 

liith 

.4(1 

1:1      .4:!     l:i      .4:1     1:1      .44     1:1      .42 

l.t      .45    14     .47    16      .49    in      .51     is  !. 52 '18  1 

.52     19      .50    19      .5n     19 

Kill 

.li" 

2(1      .117    2(i   ,   .117    2il      .711    29  .  .71 

2:1      .03     18 

.00    24      .05    21       .711    29        ...     ... 

73    29 

1>-Ili 

.72 

111     .7:1    14  1  .7.1    1:1     .74    14     .72 

U      .72    12 

.74    14      .75    18      .79    22  1  .81    20 

.81    27      .83    34     .81     29 

•lHlli 

.71) 

22     .73    22  1  .74    23     .7:1    22 

.06 

10      .05    11 

.04    (9)    .04    (9)    .00 

12  1   .80  :  00 

.88    (12      .89    05      .89    06 

2111I1 

.114 

(19       ... 

...    1  .94    09      .911     58 

.91 

01       .91     01 

.92    02      Mi    00      .91 

00      .91  1  69 

.89    00      .88    00      .60    42 

2NI 

.K\ 

(11      .83 

69      .85     50      .83     64 

.84 

55       .84    54 

.84    54     .1.7    02      .87    02     .89  ,  04  1 

.80    60      .85     66      .8:1     54 

2:M 

.Sli 

55      .85 

54  :  .87    58     .t,7    57 

.87 

50      .90    50 

.90    50      .90    50      .90    64      .88    61   1  .80    48      .87    60      .88     50    1 

2:1. 1 

.m 

48   I   .89 

48       .90    50      .91     52 

.9:1 

55      .90     50 

.87    44     .8.1    42     .80    43      .87 1  45  1  .88    40      .s8    40     .87    43  1 

2-tlli 

.92 

111  :  .9(1 

60      .89     54      .8.S     52 

.89 

68      .88    68      .88     58      .1.7    58       .Ml    02  '   .87  '  00  ;   .87    ."18      .87     01       .S5     liO 

2.',tli 

(1.91 

(59)  0.93 

53    11.90     57    0.99     50    l.Ol 

.54    1.05    52    1.05    52    1.115    62    1.07    64    1.10    5S    1,10    58    1.11     04    1.12    04 

2i;iii 

1.1:1 

(13    1.11 

01     1.09     57     1.12     58    1.13 

54    1.1:1    .':l    1.1:1    66    1.15    (10    1.1(1    50    1.12    57   ,l.iis    50    I.OS    00    l.nO    57 

27ili 

(1.99 

(12    (1.99 

112    1.02    04    0.98     00    0.97 

58    0.91     55    0.91     68 

1.89    58    0.99    .'.7   ;l.Oll    58    0.99    5s    0.99    58    0.90     50    | 

2-1  h 

1.112    5i*    1.(12 

5>    l.nl     57    1.02    on    1.04 

5S     l.ii:l    58     1.04    00 

1.02    58      1.07    70 

1.05     07     1.07     08     1.01     00    1 

2','tli 

I..1I     llli    1.111     (ill    1.(14    711    l.iu;    74    1.11:1 

711    1.05    70    1.04    lis    l.nl    05    0.99    04 

0.99     04    0.911     02    0.98     00    0.98   {69)  | 

:iii||i 

1.(17    (15    1.(12    llli    1.(12    llli    1.11:1    111     1.115 

02    1.07    00    1.114    54     1.00    50 

1.00 

50    1.04    54    1.0:1    53    1.05     55    1 

.MfntH 

II.  .•it;i2 

.724  55.9  .724  54.8  .7:i:i  .55.:) 

29.1151      29.(154     2:i.r,ii;i 

.7:14  60.5  .727  !63.li  .720  63.7 

.727  53.9.728  54.4 
29.000      29.000 

.737  65.2  .748 

58.7 

.745  58.4  .744  69.1  .7:14  50.9 

29.000       29.000       29.059 

29.007       29.009 

29.667    '    29.603   1   29.059 

hM> 

14''            15h            lull            171,. 

Inrli.      "      Inrh       "      locli      "      Inrli       " 

1^1,               I'll.. 
Incti       '      Inch       " 

20ii. 
Ill  I'll.     J 

2II1.              2;>li. 

23I1.       .     MlJu'l.             .M™ii.. 

D.  .TJ'. 

Iii.h       ■■       Iiii-li. 

J 

lui-li.     ''      lucli.     J        Iiicli          ^ 

Inrti 

1«1 

.70    68      .74    7:1      .05    i>» 

.07    07 

.00     00      .05     04 

.00    00 

.00    00      .04 

05 

.00    07      .07    68       .716    09.0  1  .010 1 

•il 

.(i:t   (in     .(i:i 

(10      .07    05 

.07     00 

.117     05      .00    04 

.00    04 

.07    03      .09 

09 

.70    00      .OS    (i4       .074    00.9 

.571 

:i.l 

.75   (19     .711 

711      .79    7:1 

.79    73 

.79    71       .81     70 

.82    70 

.82    70     .82 

70 

.81    08      .82    08       .702    08.4 

.060 

4tli 

.s7    74     .N." 

75      .so    70 

.80     OS 

.88     07      .87    05 

.88     00 

.87     03      .87 

00 

.88    M      .90 ,  08       .849     07.7 

.745 

.'itli 

.7H    ii:l     .7^ 

01       .79     00 

.80     70 

.83    07      .80     09 

.86     OS 

.82    07      .79 

03 

.81    05      .80    64       .839    00.0 

.739 

Clh 

.79    iij     .M 

02      .79     01 

.72    02 

.e:l    70       .72    70 

.07    72     .03 

74 

.59    70      .65    OS       .791     00.4 

.090 

Till 

.25    7(1      .24 

OS       .17     08 

.23    08 

.28    09      .24    00  ,  .29    (14 

.27  '  07      .20 

07 

.25    08      .30    74       .327     08.8 

.221 

Ml 

.25    (18      .25 

04     .27    00 

.28    04 

.35    00      .27    07      .29    05 

.30    00  ,  .31 

04 

.29    02 

.29    02       .200    00.4 

.107 

mil 

:m  118    .;i9 

70      .:I8    08 

.41    08 

.43    08     .42    07      .42    07 

.43    00  I  .41 

04 

.41 

04 

.41     04       .308  ■  03.5 

.278 

imh 

..50    Bti      .51 

7(1     .51    70 

.5(1    04 

.,53 

00      .53     00  ,   .61     08 

.49    00  1   .49 

05 

.49 

04 

.50    03       .4-.7    05.0  I  .371 

•iitii 

.49    (17      .49 

05       .49     08 

..5(1     70 

.50 

70     .51    72       

.53    08  !   .63 

00 

.53 

03 

.67     04        .505     05,3  '   .409 

I2tli 

.71    (18     .71 

08      .70     00 

.07    04 

.07    05      .05 

00      .05    00 

.03    05   1   .01 

05 

.58 

07 

.50    06        .054    04.8  1   .568 

IMth 

.58     (14      .59 

08       .57     04 

.57    02 

.54    01  i  .,54 

01      .54    01 

.57     05   :   .68 

07 

.55 

00 

..54    Oil       .649    04.(1  1  .4,"i5 

•Hill 

.51    (14     .:i5 

25       .:iO     20 

.40    28 

.38    20      .:!7 

25      .37    20 

.34    19      .31 

10 

.31 

10 

.33    18       .454    47,5  i  .404 

I.MIi 

.42    27      .4:1 

29      .41     2(1  '  .40    25 

.38    22  ,   .38 

21   ,  .:17    20 

.:i9   20  1  .4(1 

18 

.44 

18 

.:(8    17  '    .398    21.7  1  .410 

Killi 

.54    2(1      .59 

29       .59     29 

.02    30 

.02    27  !   .03 

:)(!    .03   :to 

.03    31    1   .00 

25 

.04 

24 

.00    23       ..50:1    21.1  i  .52:1 

ITth 

.7:1    29      .7:1 

29       .7:1     29 

.71    22 

.71    22  '  .73 

23     .71  '  21 

.72    20  1  .71 

19 

.73 

19 

.70    17       .700    24.0 

.710 

IMh 

.M     :I2     .79    27      .79    27 

.70    2:t 

.74    21      .73 

20     .74    :'l 

.71     18   i   .08 

14 

.08 

14 

.08    14       .7.50    19.9 

.773 

•mill 

.^s    (i:i     .91    119     .'.11    (18     .91    (ill 

.92    07 

.87 

03      .87     111 

.80    68  1   .80 

59 

.80 

59 

.80    00  ;     .808    45.4 

.703 

21 'III 

.811 

42     ..M    42      .78    38     .7>'    38 

.79    39 

.82 

61      .81     .',3 

.90  ,  00      .93 

08 

.84 

61 

.84    01  ,    .871    60.2  1  .797 1 

2Ul 

.82 

53      .89     115       .87     (13 

.08     113 

.85    69 

.85 

59      .83     60 

.84    50      .84 

50 

.84 

64 

.84    50  '     .849    58.0 

.771 

22.1 

.88 

48      .88    48      .98     lid 

.92    511 

.92    511 

.91 

50      .90    60 

.90    53      .91 

50 

.91 

50 

.89    48       .892    52.9 

.820 

2;i.l 

.88 

4(1      .89    47      .92     53 

.92    53 

.94    50 

.97 

01    :   .98     (12 

.97     02      .99 

00 

.99 

08 

.95    liO       .913    52.2 

.860 

2-11  h 

.85 

02      .s4 

00      .85     00 

.89     00 

.89     00 

.89 

(ill      .S'.l  .  69 

.90    00      .94 

06 

.94 

05  ;  .90    00       .885    69.6 

.802 

2.'<(li 

1.14 

Oil    1.14 

00     1  12     04    l.lll    00 

1.11     .'18 

1.12    58     1.12    .59 

1.13    00    1.16 

04 

1.15 

00 

1.14    04     1.077    59.3 

.994 

2<;tli 

1.(15 

5:1    l.dU 

.54    1.111     58     1.1(1    ,'iS 

1.07    68 

1.00     50   1   ...      (12 

1.03    00    1.04 

04    1.00 

04 

1.01     00      1.082     58.3 

1.002 

27th 

(1.911 

64    (1.97 

50    0.99     57    0.99     50 

0.99    54  ill.117     52    0.99     55 

1.01     58    1.01 

68    1.02 

:<^ 

1.03    00       .9sn    57.0 

.903 

21- 1  h 

1.02 

till    l.iil 

00    1.02     00     1.00     50 

1.01     58 

0.99     58     1.011    6S 

0.98     58    (1.99     00    0.98 

00    0.97    00     1.017     60.9 

.930 

2:itli 

(1.97 

,58)0.97 

■,57)0.97   ,60) 

0.97     55 

0.90    60 

0.98 

55    1.01     58 

1.03    5i>^    1.03     00    1.09 

US 

1.09     08      l.OlO     02.8 

.919 

lldtli 

1.115 

.7:w 

55     1 .05 

55    1.03    53 

.7:18  65.5 

l.ll     .54 
.746  56.5 

1.12 

60    l.U     50 

1.09    64    1.13    68    1.13 

68 

1.13    68      1.007     60.3 

.992 

Mi'AIld 

It.  at;i2' 

60.9  .732  50.4  .735  50.4 

.739  65.1 

.739,55.2.738  56.0^.738  50.4 

.737 

50.1 

.733  65.8     .735    55.9 



29.(158    '    29.(158        29.(1111 

29.000 

29.074 

29.009 

29.008 

29.007       29.005 

29.004   :    29.000          29.002 

1 

:^i  I 

I' 


i 


in 


12 


iXl 


UEC    'KP   AND    DISCUSSION   OK   ATMOSPIIKHIC   I'llKSSUKK. 


lIcirULY  AllSTllAlT  1 

>t  TIIK  Itr.Mi 

MIS  (If  TIIK   UaHii 

MK.IKIt  .\M>  .VlTAlllHli  'rilKllMi'MHTKIl  AT  V. 

VN  Kknsski.akii  IIaiiikik,  I 

In  Oil 

iIkt.  I  s.' 

:i.  ill  l.iil 

.   "8 

'  :i7 

.  l.iilll.'. 

ill'  i'lll'  \V.  iif  (Irccnivicli. 

Ani'Mic 
D.r. 

I  in  riiliii 
Ih. 

,  MiTiiiriiil  lliinimclcr  in  1 
2h.            3l<'      1      41>' 

IIIISC  III!   1 
51..         1 

cck.     2! 

inclii's  +.      Kciid 
fh.            gh.      1 

lll^'n  ill   1' 

ll^'li.''ll  iiiclii's  iind 

ilcjrrccs  (if  rulir. 

81.      1 

101- 

llh. 

Ni.i.n. 

1      13h. 

hull 

Inrli 

n 

li.rl.  '     >' 

Inrl.  1    " 

Inrl,  !    " 

Inrl. 

„ 

li.i  h       " 

iiiiii  1   " 

Inrl.       ^ 

Ini-I.      '' 

11.    ' 

Iii.-I.      "      liirli       "     1 

i»t 

1.12 

r.8 

1.13 

(1(1 

1.14    (12 

1.17;  (id 

1.0s     6(1 

1.09 

61I 

1.10    (Id 

1.13'  (111 

1.11    115 

1.10    64 

1.10   70 

1.11    74 

... 

•j.i 

.!i;i 

(12 

.113 

(12 

.9:1    112 

.9(1    (14 

.88    .114) 

.88 

(I14-, 

.s7  ((14, 

.87  ((14) 

.81     lis 

.82    72 

.78    70 

.78    70 

.'78    70 

:'hI 

.fiii 

Sll 

..^.l 

7H 

..'.2    73 

.49    (18 

.34    (10 

.36 

(Id 

.32     (10 

.32  (lid) 

.32    (10 

.34    112 

.411    (14 

.37    64 

.36     d5 

•llh 

.2:1 

fin 

.211 

(!,'* 

.31    70 

.3(1    (14 

.3(1  ((14) 

.4(1 

((14) 

.46  (114) 

.46  (114) 

.41    (14 

.39    112 

.39     (12 

.40    64 

.46     119 

•Mh 

.r.i 

114 

.S2 

(Ill 

.r.3  (17 

.63    (17 

.63    118 

.53 

118 

.63    (IS 

.53  [  119 

.53     (19 

.54    70 

..'i3     (19 

.54    (19 

.63     d4 

i;ih 

.^2 

(>2 

..'i2 

113 

..'.2  112 

.6.'i  ,  (18 

..'i4  ■  114 

..'.7 

(III 

..'.4    (ill 

.54  1  11(1 

.68    75 

.68    75 

.dl    7s 

.62    81      .  12    78 

Till 

.".'' 

7(" 

.7i» 

74 

.7:1  74 

.81 

74 

.76    116 

.79 

73 

.83    711 

.S6     76 

.81     (18 

.8(1    70 

.88     7(1 

.91    74     .93    711 

Mh 

.(■:' 

74 

.M! 

74 

.-2  7.1 

.83 

77 

.79  (70) 

.73 

(13 

.74    (14 

.73    (14 

.84    76 

.S3    73 

.82     (19 

.SI      lis       .Nil     60 

;'th 

1.2:1 

1;'* 

1.2.'. 

(Is 

1.2.'.   iir. 

1.26     (13 

1.211    114 

1  30 

(is 

1.34     (19 

1.3'.(    7s 

1.3.1     71 

1.3li     72 

1.37    74 

1.37    74 

1.37    74 

iMlh 

l.:i.'. 

-H 

1.211 

74 

I.21I    72 

1.23    711 

1.24    70 

l.'JS 

74 

1.311     711 

1.32     78 

1.25     70 

1.'27    73 

1.29    71 

1.29     74 

1.30    72 

mil 

1..'.- 

"(1 

l..'." 

711 

l..'.S      (111 

1.6s     (19 

1.69     70 

l.lll 

72 

l.lll     71 

I..'i7    7(1 

1.69     71 

1.57    70 

1.67    d'< 

1.54    66 

l..'i2    67 

VJih 

l.iiii 

711 

l.:i-> 

73 

l.ils    7S 

1.39     Sd 

1.3s    7ii 

1.37 

7(1 

1.3S    74 

1.37    7(1 

1.36     (IS 

1.33    114 

1.311     (13 

1.37    64      

i;itii 

1.21 

7(1 

1.2(1 

7(1 

I.IH     (17 

l.lll    114 

1.07    1:4 

1.07 

(14 

l.llS     (IS 

1.113    (14 

1.03     (14 

1.02    114 

.99     (10 

.99     "0  ,   .99     7(1 

ittii 

.>.'» 

li.^ 

.113 

S(l 

.93     Sll 

.811    78 

.s7    7'1 

.s7 

.>6     71 

.s9  :  74 

.Sll     72 

.87    72 

.Sd     711 

.87    70  1  .fifi    7(1 

ir.ih 

_^| 

7(1 

.•x 

7(1 

.76    (14 

.77    72 

.711    71 

.7s 

72 

.77    72 

.77  '  72 

.75    72 

.75    74 

.74    72 

.74    72     .75    76 

l<;ili 

.'.'" 

7(1 

.111 

7(1 

.93    74 

.9(1    76 

.97    7il  , 

.97 

74 

.9(1    72 

.'.Hi  ,  (18 

.911     (18 

.97    «ii 

.97  ,  «3 

.98    62     .98    (14 

ITil. 

.!'( 

IM 

.117 

117 

.I's    (is 

l.cc    (Is 

l.l'l    70 

.99 

(18 

.97    114 

.99  ,  ml 

.97     1,5 

.97    (16 

.96  ,  d4 

.96    64  i  .118    06 

iMh 

l.l'l 

(Ih 

l.dl 

71 

1.(11  73 

1.('2    74 

.I'S    7.1 

.9S 

711 

.98     70 

.98     7(1 

.95     (ill 



...    1  ... 

.  ...   1  ... 

1;m1. 

.'M 

72 

.04 

72 

.93     71 

.92    7" 

.1'^    70 

,S1I 

(IS 

.89     lis 

.9(1  !  (18 

.90    (18 

.92    711 

.92    711 

.91     70 

.90    71 

til  nil 

.l>7 

ll'.i 

.»!< 

(IS 

.Sll    711 

.SS     (HI 

.S*    lis 

.I'll 

(I191 

.Sll   (1191 

.89  *(7d) 

.90    71 

.88     (19 

.89    73 

.86    74 

.87    74 

•:i^l 

.h.'< 

7(1 

M 

73 

.S9    72 

.Sll    72 

.lie  (72; 

.91 

(721 

.I'l  (72\ 

.91    l72) 

.91     73 

.88     7(1 

.97    11(1 

.99    69 

1.00    70 

'J'J'l 

1."- 

7:1 

I.IKi 

72 

l.ns    lis 

1.11     82 

1.09    711 

l.l'l' 

74 

1.1(1    72 

1.17    72 

1.1s    72 

I. Id     (18 

l.ls    ds 

1.17     69 

1.20    72 

•ii,l 

1.211 

72 

1.2(1 

73 

1.2(1    7:1 

1.111    71 

l.is    7i' 

l.lll 

7il 

l.lll    7'1 

1.12    72 

1.09    72 

l.l'l'    72 

1.117    74 

l.cs     7d 

1.03     60 

i:4iii 

.70 

:iii 

.7(' 

44 

.11(1    3:1 

.(111    36 

.110  1  4" 

.111 

41 

.114    43 

.114    46 

.77    43 

.711    44 

.711    42 

.7'!    41 

.76    41 

:;.Mii 

.7.1 

47 

.73 

44 

.72    4.'. 

.7(1    4(1 

.(l.'i '  47 

.(16 

47 

.711    43 

.76    44 

.7'1    47 

.74    43 

.71    4.-. 

.74    46 

.91     7s 

:;>;ili 

1.1" 

47 

1.1(1 

r.ii 

l.lii    49 

1.1(1    4.-I 

l.lll    -16 

1.12 

46 

1.12    47 

1.12    47 

1.20    45 

1.16    46 

l.lii    46 

1.16     45 

1.17     49 

UTlli 

l.n.'i 

4(1 

l.ii.'i 

4(1 

l.d.'i    3.'. 

1.('6 

33 

1.00    37 

l.l'O 

3s 

l.dO    llli 

l.dd    4(1 

.911    41 

.95    42 

.94  ,  41 

.9  J    40 

.95    48 

:'«i:i 

.ho 

;i:i 

.Ml 

34 

.Sll    31 

.8(1 

27 

.Sll    2s 

.7'> 

34 

.76    3il 

.72     37 

.•■0    37 

.84    3d 

.84    36 

.84    38 

.83    47 

•J'.Uh 

.!-4 

:i.'i 

.s4 

34 

.S4    2.'. 

.'•2 

31 

.'s    3il 

.7s 

36 

.7(1    37 

.7(1    37 

.7ii    34 

.78    32 

.78    32 

.78    33 

.78    36 

:ii>tli 

.''.7 

:i2 

.11(1 

32 

.(1(1    34 

.(16 

211 

.(IS    36  ' 

.113 

31 

.113    33 

,113     33 

.110    :i4 

.(10    33 

.(1(1    33 

.do    33 

.(iO    32 

:iUi 

XA 

H.'i 

.d.'. 

36 

.14    34 

.114 

33 

.116    35   . 

.(14 

34 

.15    32 

.(1(1     33 

.113    32 

.(14    33 

.65    34 

.66     38 

.70    30 

Mt'nnrt 

.'.lU 

112.2 

.1114 

(12.2 

.!l|i«  111.3 

9(is  (11.4 

.892  (lO.li 

896 

(il.d 

9(10  (Il.d 

.902  111.6 

901    (11.1 

I'l'l   ill.d 

.Inir.  ilii.s 

.90d  61.9  .»ld  63.1 

11.  :ii  :■.::= 

'-■'■■ 

"' 

-I'> 

23 

21I.S2II 

29.s2(i 

2li.8i'7 

'29.809 

29.81.1 

21'. ^11 

21'. -11 

29.-14 

2:1. s20 

2i).sld   '•   •29.S2I 

'•'>■ 

14 

h. 

1.'. 

h. 

1(11. 

171. 

Isii. 

19 

. 

20''       j 

211' 

22I1 

■231:      j 

UMn'l 

Mfanv         r.  s»\ 

In.li. 

Inch 

In.'l. 

I...1. 

ii..'i. 

Inrl. 

Inili 

hirli        " 

Inrl.  1    "    i 

liii-ii  '    0 

llirll  1     " 

I1..1.           w         1    ,1, 

Ut 

1.1".' 

(721 

l.cs 

7-1 

l.dil  (72)  1.(17 

72 

1.1.2    lis 

l.l'l 

(16 

.'.IS     llO 

.117    (10 

.93     110 

.'.10    60 

.90    (10 

1.062     64.6 

.965 

■.M 

.77 

7" 

.74 

ii:ki 

.73  (dl) 

.70 

114 

.71'    114 

.7" 

111 

.(17    ('2 

.112    (1(1 

.(12  ((15) 

.67  (115) 

..''0  70 

.770     66.3 

.674 

:i.| 

.24 

(;r> 

.23 

i!ti 

.211  (iir.) 

.21 

114 

.22    112 

.23 

114 

.24    (14 

.'24    (14 

.2(1    (ill 

.•2d    lid 

.2(1    (16 

.3-26     66.3 

.'231 

-till 

.44 

{.'.1 

.42 

t;^ 

.42    119 

.44 

(111 

.111    112 

.4(1 

111 

.4s    (11 

.61     (1(1 

.51     lid 

.61    i.f. 

.51     6(1 

.421     66.2 

.326 

.'.111 

..'t.'i 

li.'i 

..'..'. 

(M 

..'..'1    114 

.67 

114 

.61    (13 

.63 

(13 

.63  ,  (13 

.53    (14 

.54     (id 

.64    «« 

.55    (17 

.635     66.1 

.436 

I'.tli 

..'it! 

7' I 

.(12 

7" 

.(11     (is 

.111 

(18 

.111     1,8   , 

.(12 

(IS 

.(12     (18 

.(12  ((17) 

.(16  (dd) 

.191    114 

.68    n3 

.6110    ds.5 

.484 

Tth 

.'.'4 

7(1 

.1'4 

7" 

.92    71 

.94 

73 

.911    76 

.94 

73 

.94 

73 

.90    (ill 

.91    72 

.SS    7d 

.86     70 

.869    71.6 

.756 

nil 

,s7 

(12 

.M' 

t;<; 

.Sll    (;l 

.94 

(16 

l,l'2    119 

1.('9 

73 

1.18 

75 

1.12,  (4 

1.12    111 

1.14    (.2 

1.16    dl 

.1114    67.8 

.809 

'.nil 

l!:ir, 

7(1 

1..I4 

74 

1.33    73 

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;i:i.7 

.s'.i4 

■Mi.-i 

i 

''1 

nECOHP   AND   DISCUSSION  OF   ATMOSPUKRIC   I'llKHSUIlK. 


!>:{ 


lllUHI.Y  Al(MTII.\(T  (IK  Tl 

r  Hn.UllNim  (IK  THK  ll.\R(IM>.TKU  ,VN|i  AtT.»i'II K.I) 'I'll 

KIlMiiMK.TKII  AT  V 

\N   IlKNHHKI  AKIt  IIaIIIIiHI,    | 

Jii  .luiiimry,  \sa\,  in  I.iit.  TH"  :iT 

,  l.iiiiir.  7(1"  M'  \V.  of  (frii'iiwlili, 

> 

Icn'iiriul  Iliiru 

tlll'lc 

h. 

0 

r  ill  I1UU8O  un  (Jirk.     '2!)  Iiii'Iich  -|-. 

l!('i((liii)fs  ill  V.ufi 

lillll  iilcllUH  llllli  ill' 
9li               loll 

llicll.        '^        IlM-ll. 

irrrs  iif 

nil 

lUl'l.          ' 

•'iiliri'olii'it. 

Ih.           a 

8b. 

llH-ll   '      " 

41.              51. 

ui.. 

Il.rl.       " 

Iiirti,      " 

81.. 
Iii.'l..     " 

.N.I..II. 
hirli  '     " 

mil 
liii'i. 

llirl. 

"      'llKll 

Iliil.       '■       In.-li       " 

I»l 

.115 

42      .115    4;l 

.115    43 

.115 

42      .(14    42 

.114    40 

.(14    4(1 

.114   40 

.113    39     .111    41 

.111    42 

.111    43 

.110    4ii 

2.1 

..'ill 

40      .56    42 

.66    4M 

.56 

42      .66    41 

.55    41 

.56    44 

.65    .13 

.111 

43     .110    42 

.110    41 

.1.0    40 

.114    M7 

11.1 

.7(1 

MH       .70 

411 

.118     Mil 

.116 

40      .112    43 

.110    43 

.5(1    46 

..'HI    62 

.611 

48     ..'.2    42 

..'ill 

39 

.4H    36 

.43    .17 

4ili 

.:i5 

Mil      .M6 

:i8 

.36     Mil 

.35 

311      .35    40 

.36    4(1 

.M4    40 

.30    42 

.30 

39     .30    3N 

.3(1 

36 

.30    36 

.MO    Mil 

Mil 

.411 

Mil      .40 

Mil 

.42    37 

.42 

37      .44    37 

.44    37 

.4(1    37 

.47    37 

.48 

37      .61    3(1 

.62    34 

..'i2    36 

.611    Mil 

Ktli 

.45 

42      .46 

4M 

.45    43 

.45 

44      .41    411 

.45    41 

.47    39 

.48    4il 

.49 

42     .51    43 

.62    4(1 

.55    4il 

.67     311 

Till 

.74 

4M      .74 

4M 

.74    43 

.74 

43      .74    43 

.74    43 

.74    44 

.711    44 

."li 

42     .79    41 

.79    37 

.80    33 

.73     39 

8th 

.811 

40       .811 

43 

.80    43 

.Ml 

43      .Ml    45 

.81    44 

.81     48 

.81    47 

.77    4il 

.77    43 

.75    42 

.76    41 

.75    42 

llth 

.(111 

4(1     .1111 

Mil 

.110    4(1 

.110 

4(1      .110    39 

.110    39 

.92    39 

.92    39 

.94    311 

.94 

4M 

.93    42 

.93    47 

.95     511 

Idth 

.75 

SU      .72 

41 

.-■i    40 

.72    39      .72    311 

.72    43 

.72    60 

.72    47 

.70    41 

.70 

43 

.70    37 

.70    46 

.70     115 

mil 

.i;:i 

Ml)      .1111 

Mil 

.112    37 

.111    38      .110    36      .111    34 

.56    40 

.50    40 

.611    37 

.611 

41 

.66    41 

.56    4il 

.55     36 

I2lli 

.45 

511      .45 

M8 

.47    37 

..'lO    34     .5(1    32     .5(1    2(i 

.50    26 

.60    29 

..'lO    37 

.50 

311 

..'lO    3il 

..'ill    31 

.51     M7 

mill 

.1(11   :i:i     .118   :i2 

.118     Mil 

.ilN    37      .7(1    35      .70    -8 

.70    30 

.70  '  35 

.70    39 

.70 

39 

.70    411 

.117     38 

.119    35 

I4ili 

.5:1    2il      .52    2il 

.62    2h      .62    21!      .56    28      .55    2ii 

.63    24 

.53    2(1 

.53 

28 

.53    28 

.63    29 

.53     29 

.51     29 

l.Mh 

.411    2:1      .411    21 

.40    21      .35 

17      .35    22     .M5    17 

.34    111 

.34    13 

.28 

. '•' 

.2N    20 

.211     14 

.MM     17 

.37     15 

IDIIl 

.511     1;)      ..'ill    12 

.511      11      .511 

9      .60    17      .6M    14 

.53    14 

.66    1(1 

.66 

■  ■' 

.,',5'    4 

.55    12 

.55     111 

.55     IM 

nth 

.lilt    1(1      .(III      7 

.110    111      .110    14      .110    211     .111     III 

.110    11 

.51     14 

.57 

9 

.611  <    II 

.511    11 

.65    17 

.65     15 

iMll 

.51;    m      .58    14 

.51!    15      .68    24      .611    14 

.6M     111 

.58    11 

.11(1    13 

.(10 

21 

.110     18 

.110    21 

.110    13 

.112,  13 

lltth 

.57     12      .57      11 

.57    10      .5h    (11)    .57      » 

.57      7 

.67      8 

..'•7      7 

.67 

15 

.67     15 

.57     111 

.57    20 

.67     18 

2litll 

.711      8      .711      11 

.70      8      .70    1(1     .iin    17 

,119    13 

.119      9 

.119    10 

.(19  1  18 

.117    13 

.116     12 

.114     14 

.1.4    111 

2li.t 

.45     12      .45    11 

.45    12      .45    m      .34    13 

.34    15 

.34    21 

.34    2il 

.34    27 

.34    211 

.34    27 

.27    29 

.211    22 

22.1 

.25    27      .27    27 

.27    lili      .•.;7    27      .-7    21 

.27    •J8 

.27    21 

.27    26 

.27    28 

.27    29 

.27    30 

.27    311 

.2"    29 

•2:1.1 

.1(1    111      .111    15 

.(!■.    14      .(15    111      .05    15 

.05    14 

.116    19 

.06    26 

*.li7    2il 

•.92    24 

•.i>7    22 

•.Ml    22 

•.Ml    24 

•24lli 

•.115    :id    ".'.^'i    25 

•.115     2H     ".l^'i    30    *.'.!:•    31 

•.97    211 

•.97    29 

•.97    27 

«i97    28 

•.97    29 

•.95    23 

•.95    27 

.1111    2'1 

•251  li 

•.118   2il   •.117    m 

•.116    22    ^.116    28    ^.116    28    •.lis    211 

•.96    30 

•.96    34 

•.95    39 

•.96    30 

•.95    2il 

•.|i5    24 

•.92    25 

2(;tli 

.nil  ;i:i     .(Ki  ;)2 

.00    31       .110    Ml       .nil    MO 

.oil    3(1 

.(Hi     28 

.08    27 

.08    27 

.08    211 

.10    23 

.111    27 

.15     Mil 

271  li 

.21    :(2      .21    ;tl 

.21    31      .21    34      .21    30 

.21    29 

.21  1  30 

.2(1    31 

.18    32 

.18    2U 

.18    27 

.18     MO 

.19     311 

2.«lli 

.21     21      .21     22 

.21    24      .21    2ii      .22    27 

.22    25 

.22    22 

.22    28 

.25    27 

.25    2l! 

.25    22 

.25     19 

.25     22 

2!i|li 

.:i(i   2;i     .:i(i    m 

.30    111 

.3(1    17      .32    18 

.32    2(1 

.32  '  20 

.32    23 

.40    23 

.35    17 

.35    21 

.M7    22 

.3s     22 

lldtll 

.5(1   2.'i     .411    2:1 

.411    23 

.49    22     .49    111 

.611    14 

.60;   15 

.5(1    111 

.60    21 

.60    20 

.50    21 

.60     19 

.511    21 

aiKt 

.511 

27      .50    22 
211.4  .4ilM  27.8 

.50    20 

.6(1    In      .,'iO    21      .6(1    24 

.50    20 

.468  27. h 

29.4110 

.50    21 

.456  29.8 

29.462 

.67  ,  27 

.57    2(1 

.65    24 

.452  2-. 9 

29.451 

.67    26 
.462  29.5 

.67    24 

.452  29.5 

29.4511 

Mi'iiiix 
11.  at  32' 

.4114 

4i.|  21'. 5, 4611  211.1.4511  2s.6  .4ilii  27.7 
2l).4iil    1    2K.467       ::ii.46U  j   21i.4il2 

.4110  30.6 

.45(1  29.2 
29.464 

211.4111    ^    29.4115 

29.454 

29.450 

u.r.    1 

14 

1 

b.     {      Uh. 

,„-l,      " 

171.            isi.. 

IBh. 

20h.      1      2111. 

lu.li           '         li..'ll'      ■> 

22I'.           231.. 

MIJii'i. 

Mnitiu. 

Ilirli      ■       " 

B.aip. 

Iiirl. 

lii.'li  '    "      Itirli.      " 

Iiiii. 

■         liirl.        ■> 

Ii..'li     " 

InH,  '     "      1...I. 

;;.,r 

~ 

Kt 

.1111  :iii    .110  :iu 

.110    42  ' 

.110 

4d      .lid    41      .lid    42 

.1111    Mil       .110  '  39 

.110 

40      .67 

40 

.55 

39 

.1114     40.7 

.6s2 

2.1 

.70 

Mil      .70    42 

.72    40  ;  .71 

36      .74    39     .74    42 

.74    42      .72    38 

.70 

Mil       .118 

39 

.19 

39 

.11M7     411.5 

.11116 

:i.l 

.4:1 

M4      .42    41 

.42    37      .41 

M7      .41    42      .411    41 

.411    ;iii      .40    41 

.41 

38       .M2 

39 

.35 

Mil 

.497  .  411.4 

.4115 

4ih 

.:i(i 

411      .Mil    M7 

.Mil    M7 

.31 

38       .32    38 

.MM    41 

.34    39      .Me    37 

.Mil 

3(1       .39 

35 

.39 

Mil 

.333      38.1 

.307 

5tli 

.511 

Mil      ..50    411 

.50    411 

.411    46      .49    45 

.49    45 

.4.1    44 

.411    42 

.49 

42 

.49 

42 

.44 

42 

.472     39.7 

.443 

Ctli 

.57    4il      .(12    44 

.112    47 

.112    44      .113    43 

.115    4h 

.ilil    4il 

.(17    45 

.118 

45 

.70 

42 

.75 

4;; 

.6111      43.5 

.r>*i 

7lli 

.7:1    Mil       .7M     IW 

.7M    311 

.73    4(1      .76    4" 

.77    4M 

.Ml    46      .8(1    44 

.811 

41 

.Ml 

44 

.80 

43 

.71111     41.6 

.7-'» 

mil 

.75    4il      .75    411 

.76    411 

.711    39      .77    41 

.Ml     41 

.82    411      .k2    3i1 

.h2 

37 

.83 

Mil 

.86 

37 

.7h9     41.9 

.::.:( 

!i(li 

.11.'.    50      .liM    5ii 

.11(1    4il 

.90    44      .110    41 

.92    42 

.911    4d      .811    :ti; 

.77 

311 

■  7" 

39 

.77 

40 

.SUM     41.6 

.SftH 

Idlli 

.72    118      .72    (111  1 

.73    118      .74    43      .74    44 

.74    44 

.74    46      .1111    39 

.119 

39 

.119 

39 

.119 

39 

.7:il     4il.li 

.1171. 

llili 

.56   ;t5     .55   :ii:  . 

.55    41      .61    411      .61     43 

..'ill    Mil 

.4il    37      .48    38 

.60 

37 

.50 

37 

.50 

38 

.647   i  38.3 

.521 

I2tli 

.5.".   ;iH     .611   ;iii 

.■•.11    33 

.511    34      .110    33 

.110    M4 

.113    3ll       .115     38 

.116 

38      .116 

39 

.(16 

39 

..643  1  36.2 

.625 

laiii 

.711 

Mil      .1111    M7 

.'0    4(1 

.118    3||       .116     30 

.110    MO 

.6(1    28      .511    28 

.511 

27 

.5ll 

28 

.67 

2l! 

.1159      .13.7 

.1.45 

14tli 

.51 

21      .61     17 

.51     21 

.50    21      .48    23     .48    19 

.45    21      .46    19 

.46 

15 

.45 

16 

.43 

20 

.6114     21.7 

.517 

IStli 

.M7    20      .M7    17 

.37     111 

.35     16      .35     15      .40      11 

.411    12      .46    2d 

.46 

13 

.45 

16 

49 

14 

.371 

111  2 

.403 

llllli 

.55    111      .54     111 

.64     12 

.110    111      .11(1    18      .11(1    20 

.1111    18      .111     18 

.112 

22 

.112 

2d 

.(12 

U 

.657 

14  7 

.594 

17tli 

.65    18      .56     17 

.56     111 

.56     19      .55     13      .56    2il 

.55    25      .59    27 

.69    2li 

.611     19 

.5(1 

24 

.5119 

1115 

.11(11 

18tli 

.112     21        .112     18   ; 

.112    111 

.(14    20      .(16    21      .115    20 

.112    19      .(Id    14 

.(id 

14      Ml    II 

.69 

11 

.1101 

111.4 

..133 

mill 

.5'i 

2(1      .110    111  i 

.110     111 

.115    20      .115    21      .116    21 

.11.-.    22      .1111    24 

.1111 

15      .(111    l:, 

.119 

12 

.mill 

1,^2 

.1141 

2dtli 

.114 

IN      .114     17 

.114    21 

.55     m      ..'i5    25      .63    20 

.411    111      .511    22 

.511 

m    .5(1  r. 

.5(1 

13 

.1120 

14.8 

.1157 

2l^t 

.22 

24      .111    26 

.111    211 

.20    2il      .20    26      .2(1    25 

.211    23      .211    2ii 

.211 

27      .111    17 

.19 

20 

.2.'>7 

2:  ..4 

.MUM 

22.1 

.2.1* 

M4      .28    Ml 

.211    28      .211    34      .2il    32      .2il    30 

.211    25      .25  !  29 

.25 

211      .25    ;  8 

.25  '  22 

.2116 

2i.9 

.2.17 

•2:f.l 

•.Ml     Ml      •.Ml     "0 

•.811    28  ,*.8ii    27    ^.811    211    •.Nil    30 

•.8li    2li    •.89    30 

*.92 

33    ».1I4     10 

».94    2(1 

♦.947     23.9 

•.969 

•241  h 

.0(1    M2      .(HI     211  ■ 

,011    24   1    .dd    Mil      .(10    MO      .1111    32 

.dd    3d      .11(1    29 

.00    30      .00     to 

.00  1  24 

•.979     28.4 

•.979 

•2.'itli 

*.1I4    25    ".114    Ml 

».li5    32    ^.114    31     •.113    32    •.IK'.    MM 

•.95    33 

•.96    30 

.0(1     28       .00    3,1 

.00    30 

».955   1  28.9 

•.954 

2i;tii 

.111    211  ,   .17    ;12  i 

.17     30       .20    37       .21     Ml       .20'  M2 

.20    30 

.20    30 

.20    37       .20    31 

.'^0  :  31 

.12'.      30.0 

.117 

27ili 

.111     Mil      .111 

M2 

.111    33      .20    27      .20    Ml      .20    Ml 

.2(1    32 

.21     31 

.21     31       .22    31 

.22    .li 

.210      MI1.5 

.194 

2Mli 

.25    2M      .25 

23 

.26    21       .25    23      .26    24 

.25    29 

.26    23 

.30    26 

.30    24      .31     24 

.31     21 

.1>I7   :  23.9 

.2511 

2'.ith 

.MS    24     .40 

30 

.44    30      .45    24      .46    30 

.45    2s 

.6(1    27 

.60    29 

.60  1  27      .5(1    2il 

.511    32 

.392  1  23.8 

.404 

aiuii 

.5(1    21      .50 

21 

.5(1    21      ..'lO    24      .60    23 

.61     26 

.51     23 

.51    24 

.60    2ii      .60  ,  27 

.60    2(1 

.600  i  21.5 

.618 

:iint 

.110 ,  25      .110 

27 

.(10    25      .(111    liil      .110    31      .lid    31 

.(10    31 

.58    31 

.65    25      .65    27 

.65    27 

.653     25.2 

.6111 

McanH 
H.  nl  :i2^ 

.4511 
2!l.- 

Ml.- .4111  M2.1' 

4112  31.7 

.4(12  .30.9  .4(15  '31.4  .4(17  31.9 

.4(16  30.8  .4(19  30.9 

.471  ;.1(l.l  .4(17  29.(1 

.4(19  :28.9 

.4111  '  29.8 

151        211.451 

29.464 

29... 

155       29.457 

29.469 

29.459 

211.4(12 

211.- 

1117 

29.- 

114 

29. 

Ills 

29.458 

'1  ■■ '.. 

"X 

■' 


04 


IIIM'OIM)   AND    KISCIISHION    OT   A  T  M  OS  I' II  11  II  I  C    niKSSUIlK. 


Iliii  ui.v  AiiHiUAi  r  or  iiij;  Ki  \|pimis  i.c  ink.  IIaiiumktkii  avu  Attaiiikh 'riir.iiMnMKTi'.ii  at  Van  IIknh^ki.akii  Hauiihii, 

III  Kiliniurv,  |Hfi(,  in  l.ui.  7^1  •  :n',  l.diin.  "(i''  .Ml'  W.  of  (liiTiittiili. 

Mrrniriiil  Hiironiflir  in  hmi^i'  on  iln'k.     2'.)  inclii«  +,     Iti'iidinirn  Iti  Kiittliitli  iiiilu'i  iinil  ili'irrni  (if  I'lilirciilicil. 


n«y. 


lat 

•M 

M 
4lli 
Mil 
Hill 
Till 
"III 
!nli 
l«ih 
lltli 
i;:iu 
iiitii 
mil 

l.MIl 

iiitii 

ITlli 
•iMh 
•P.Mh 

anil 

■iixt 
•2M 
•£U\ 
•iMU 
■iMh 
2i:tli 
U7lb 


Inrh  I 


.Ml 

,11,'. 

,)ill 
.■I,'. 

1.11:1 
1,1,'i 
I   •!'• 

\  ■:!::. 

i.m 

1  ,:v.' 

•  ,!lii 
,14 

'vi 

II'* 

l.ii 
.,'111 

..'.0 
.1.0 


Mi'anH    ,1;^; 


B.  at  320 


ll 

2 
Inrh 

1 

nil 

Inrh      « 

4I1 

lorhJ    " 

f.h 
InrliJ    " 

(111 
Inch      1 

7 
Inch 

h 

Sh 
Inrh      " 

11 

h 

Kill 
Inrh,'    " 

n 

h 

N... 

n 

lah 

[      0 

0 

Inrh. 

„ 

Inrh.'    11 

Inrh 

Inrh 

n 

27 

..'..'1 

ti 

.Ml 

ill 

.SO  '  2(1 

M    21 

..'ill    20 

.mi    2(1 

.Ml    22 

.M 

2(1 

.M    17 

.4H     III 

.4.1 

2ri 

.Ml 

25 

2» 

.112 

211 

.112 

2:1 

.(12    21 

.(1.1    211 

.11.-.     17 

M    2(1 

M    22 

.72 

2.1 

.72    24 

.72    211 

•  72 

2.1 

.711 

2k 

2il 

Af 

2(1 

.4(1 

21 

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.411    21 

.41    21   i  .;ili 

211 

.as    24 

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2.1 

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.4(1 

is 

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.(12 

24 

.(12    24 

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21 

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27 

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11 

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1(1 

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2U 

III 

.till 

111 

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1.'. 

.47    11 

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6 

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17 

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1.'. 

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17 

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1(1 

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4 

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,Mi 

IH 

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12 

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20 

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17 

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21 

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21 

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1.1 

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24 

1.22,  21 

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J4 

RECORD  ANI>   DIHCUSSION   OF   A  T  MOS  P  IF  K  U  I  C   l>  II  K  S  S  U  It  K 


!»:> 


Iliii  iii.Y  AiiHTii.xi  r  lit'  riiK  Kkmumih  nr  tiik  II.miumki'kii  \s\>  .Viiwciikh  'riir.iiMiiMKT»:ii  .\t  V.v.n  KKNnoKi.vKit  II.miiumi, 

III  Miirih,  lH,i4,  ill  Lilt.  1H°  37',  I-miK.  10°  6a'  W.  of  (livuiiwlcli. 

Mi'rnirliil  lluriiiiii'tcr  in  ImiiMi  <iti  lin'k.     2'.)  InclioH  -f-.     lti'iiillii)rH  in  KiikIIkIi  Iniiics  iiiiil  ili'iini's  nl'  h'tiliri'iiiiilt. 

liny 
lilt 

2.1 

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4lli 
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mil 

7lli 

Mil 

Kill 

imli 
mil 
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Mill 

lltll 

l.Mh 

Mill 

IVlh 

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2Ul 

22.1 

21.1 


;iii. 

4h 

., 

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14 

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20 

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II 

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III 

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1.11      5 

1.0114    l:i.s 

l.Hi:l 

I'-lll 

.70    2:1 

.70    2:1 

.lift 

21 

.11.1 

2(1 

.(1.1 

Is 

.114    IS 

.(14 

22      .110    22 

.57 

2.1      .57    2:1 

.55    27 

.Sli-     14.4 

.-45 

lutll 

.Mi    22 

l.d.'i    2(1 

.11.1 

2:1 

.IIH 

2il 

.1111 

2(1 

l.o".    2:1 

1.07 

2il    1.011    24 

l.lii 

20    1.10    20 

l.lii 

22 

.si  2     •2:1.5 

.-25 

2II111 

.)•:<  2.'. 

.Ml    21) 

.7.1 

20 

.70 

21 

.(ill 

21 

.11.1    20 

.114 

HI      ..17    HI 

.57 

15      .54    15 

.5:1 

I2 

.S1I5     111.7 

.--!! 

2lHt 

.70  :i2 

.ilH    ;t(i 

.(1.1 

:io 

.lia 

22 

.112 

2(1 

.110    20 

..Is 

Is      .57    27 

.51 

:il      .411    211 

.47 

25 

.1114    2:1.7 

.1127 

22.1 

.70    27 

.711    211 

.HO 

2:1 

.xa 

24 

M 

22 

.S.I    2.1 

.s,1 

2;l      .S.1    2,1 

.S5 

25  ,  .85    27 

.8(1 

22 

.(ls2     24.4 

.(1112 

2:1.1 

.M    22 

.M    2.'i 

.h;i 

24 

.f>.i 

27 

.S.I 

:lii 

.S.I    211 

.S.I 

2s      .s.1 1  2il 

.Mil 

21   .  .81!    20 

.Sli 

Tii 

.8:111     2(1.11 

.Slid 

24tli 

.Hil    14 

.»'.>    14 

.11(1 

14 

.!i;i 

IS 

.114 

17 

.114    IS 

.11.1 

IS  i  .mi  ■  HI 

.111! 

17  '  .11(1    14 

.11(1 

12 

.S7(i     15.7 

.11011 

2r.tli 

l.o'.i    211 

1.10    211    1.10 

HI 

1 .011 

1:1 

1.07 

Is 

1.07    17    1.07 

14    1.07  1  Hi 

1.07 

17    1.07    HI 

1.07 

17 

l.(i:i4     14.(1 

1.071 

2iltli 

1.02    14 

1.00    14  ,1.00 

1.1 

.117 

HI 

.117 

12 

.11.1     10      .11.1 

10      .11.1    12 

.110 

7  ,  .1111  '    S 

.11(1 

1.0117     10.4 

1.055 

27tli 

i  .7H   Hi 

.77    10 

.77 

12 

.71 

10 

.117 

4 

.11.1    12     .114 

11  ,  .nil  i  14 

.57 

HI  <  ..101    5 

.50 

:i 

.744       (i.:i 

.804 

2Mli 

1  .:i7    111 

:.^y   111 

.:iM 

14 

.:i7 

11 

.117 

11 

.:t7    1:1     .:t7 

1:1     .:t(i     II 

!:((i 

2  1  .28  I    :i 

.•24 

-1 

.:i71l  '    11.7 

.4211 

2!illi 

1  .If.    14 

.l.'i    14 

.111 

Hi 

.21 

ir> 

.24 

12 

.24    10     .27 

1  11     .:)ii;  12 

.;iii 

11  :  .:i(i '   II 

.:t(i 

4 

.2011  i    11.0 

.2il(i 

:ii'tli 

1  .11:1    HI 

.11.1    lii 

.11.1 

12 

,11,1 

u 

.11.1 

12 

.1111,   ri    ..111 

!    II      .11.1    14 

'  .117 

14     .(17    14 

.'.5 

15 

,5ii(i  '    11.2 

.(111 

:iut 

1  ..'ill    -1 

.4.'*      7 

.41 

(i 

.4.1 

s 

.•1.1 

11 

.4.1 1    7      .4s 

12         .4S  ;    111 

i  .4s  J  11      .4s    1(1 

.,10 

•20 

.11(1       11.5 

.5(17 

.M.-iiim 
II.  at  :I2-' 

.7iiri  17. > 

21I.7114 

.777  18.(i.770ll7.f 

.770 

Illi.S 

i.7il!l 

Ifl.S 

'.772  lU.l 

1.77(1  1.1. .1.774  111.7 

.7(17  15.1  .755  l:l.s 

.741. 

1'2.7 

.7(11  1  14.5 
1       •21I.71IS 

211.  Will 

29 

soo 

211 

802 

20. 

son 

211. Hor. 

21I.S10       2O.SO1I 

i   2!l 

s(t:l  '  211.7114 

211. 

7111 

lii 


111 


06 


RECORD   AND   DISCUSSION   OF   ATMOSPHERIC   PRESSURE. 


IloLlll.Y  AllSTKAcr  (IF  THE  KK.VDl.NdS  OF  TlIK  li.MlclMKTKll  AMI  ATlWl'llK.n  TllKUMOMKTKK  AT  VaN  RkNS.SKI.AKII  HaKIIUR, 

111  April,  Ksr>4,  iii  Liil.  ".s'^  ;i"',  l.oiiif.  7(1°  :"),')'  W.  of  Urmiwiili. 
Meroiirial  Biiroiiicter  iii  liuuse  on  lU'i'k.     2!)  iiielics  +.     Reiuliiif^i  in  Entflish  inclii-s  and  di'gn'o.s  of  FaliaMilioit. 


B.7. 


Ih. 


ai>. 


3ii. 


4ii. 


Bh. 


Oh. 


1st 

■M 

■M 

4th 

.".th 

i;ih 

7th 
Mh 
'.ith 
It'th 
11th 
l-.;th 
i:sth 
Ulli 
l.'iili 
li:il> 
ITili 
iMh 

l!Mh 

•3iih 
•Mn 
22,1 
2:icl 
241  h 
2.Mh 
•Jillh 
ITlli 
2Mh 
2:'lh 


lurh       ''       Ilirli.      "       liirli.       °     I  inrh.      ° 
..'l,'-     -2        .lid     -7       .li;t        1        .1)8        1 

.s:!     17      .s-a      ti  I   .f3      6  ',  .X3      8 


I 


2(1 


.1)3    2ii 
.(IS  ;  24 


1.1,') 
l.l.'i 
I. Ill 
I. If. 
l.:i;i 

l!li4 

.'■II 
1. 1)11 
.'.111 

1.24 
1.14 
l.:iii 
l.:iii 
1.24 
I  .!i.5 
.!lll 


1.2- 
l.nV 
l.ii;) 


.115 

21  1.1,'. 

H2  1.1. I 

22  l.lli 

ill  i.:r. 

27   l.:« '  :iii  l.:i:f 

27      .H.'i  1 2;!  .-4 

:<ii   1.114,  :i4  l.ii;i 

2,'i     .Ml!  2:1  .."11 
24    l.im;  24 


2:1  1.1, 'i 

:iii  l.iii 

22  1.10 

:il  l.i;, 


.02 

.110 


1.24 
1.14 


:l:i  l.:i4 

2i;  l.;!o 

2.'.  l.lii 

ail  .ii.'i 

2s  .!Hi 

2-  .111! 


211  l.2:i 

2i:  1.14 

:to  i.:i4 

24  i.:iii 

2:t  l.n;    22 


.;13    28 
.ti.s    20 


llirli  "      Inrh. 

.70  1       .Oil 

.K)  b      .C5 

I  .33  23 

,3,")  2S 


l.l.'i 
l.l.'i 
1.0,- 

l.l.'i 
i.:i2 

.>4 
1.113 


.711  22 
1.20  111 
1.12    2S 


.33  I 

.3,') 

.71 

1.20 

1.12 


1.04    21     1.07    22 


l.l.'i 
1.20 


:io  .11- 

37  l'2- 

:i.-i  l.o:. 

;t4  l.ii:i 


17    l.:il 
14    l.o7 

III     1.00 


.110    33      .1111    ;I2 


.110 


20 

34 

I  .so  23 

l.o:i  20 

.113  2.'i 

1.21  2.'i 

1.14  23 

l.;i4  20 

l.:iii  20 

l.lli  21 

.li,'i 

;  .1111 

.112 

'•  .1»7 

'  .IHi 
1.211 
1.07 
I. no 
.1111 


27    l.l.'i 
l:i   1.1- 

Is       .Ml 


24 

24 

1.04    IS    1.04 
■  .n.'i    24      .lis 


1.03 
.so 


1.112 
.S4 


1.21 
l.l.'i 
1.31 

i.;i.-i 

l.Ki 


2li  1.21 

111  l.l-i 

is  i.:ii 

20  l.:i4 

211  1.14 


:i 


I 


l!.*) 

.'.III 

2li 

24 

.Mil 

30 

!.•::. 

:i7 

\AK> 

3tl 

.;<*' 

32 

.im  1 

1.2,'i 
I. Ill 


211 
211 
30 
3.'> 

:i2 
:i2 

31 


liirli 

.70 
.s4 

I  .'33 
■  :m, 

hSo 
1.12 
l.nii 
l.l.'i 
1.1s 

.ini 
1.00 

.s4 
l.o:t 
l.ii:( 
1.20 
l.lli 
l.:il 
l.:iii 
1.12 

.11.') 
i  .112 

.112 
;  "'7 

1.01 

I.I2 


h. 

8I1. 

lurh       " 

9h. 

ini.. 

0 

Inrli. 

0 

I.1H.  ;    " 

4 

.72 

I 

.7.'. 

H 

,7.'. :    0 

1(1 

.!-3 

111 

.S3 

111 

,S3     LS 

21 

;i. 

17 

.33 

21 

.:t:l    27 

27 

.3.'> 

31 

.37 

31 

.:i7    31 

21 

.711 

2.'i 

.S4 

2li 

.sil    27 

25 

l.ls 

.>.> 

I.21I 

27 

1.3:1    211 

17 

1.10 

Ill 

l.lo 

Hi 

l.lo    14 

20 

1.0.-, 

2.'i 

1.11.-, 

31 

1.11.'.    :io 

2:1 

1.21 

;io 

1.2.'i 

3i| 

1.2.'.    :i4 

111 

l.l.'i 

IS 

1.13 

22 

1.1:1    2:1 

111 

.Hli 

2:1 

.lis 

:i4 

.lis    37 

2  s 

l.no 

:<ii 

1.00 

:<l 

.11.'.    31 

211 

.s4 

211 

.s4 

2:1 

.s.'.    35 

2:1 

l.O.-i 

:i.'p 

1.0.'. 

211 

1.05    31 

:i.'i 

l.iiii 

:is 

I.lr. 

:iii 

l.lo    311 

I      llh. 

nii-ii.i  » 
.7S  I  111 
.so  t  17 


13h. 


1.20 
1.20 

l.:u 
l.:l.-. 
1.12 
.115 
.114 


1.03 
1.2.'. 
1.15 
.11:1 
.117 


1.211 
1.20 

l.:il 

1.3.1 
1.12 
.115 
.115 

.110 

I. nil 
1.115 
1.15 
l.lli 
.no 
.1111 


1.20  :iil 

1.2:1  31 

l.:iii  :t3 

l.:iii  :i4 

1.12  :i:i 

.115  :iii 

.117  37 

.110  ;i- 

1.00  34 

1.12  :t7 

1.15  40 

1.17  :is 

.112  :iii 

.nil  3!i 


.35  I  20 

.:i7  :io 

.110  24 

1.33  211 

l.lo  1:1 

1.05  :ii 

1.25  :i4 

1.13  2:i 

.Us  :iii 

.115  31 

.SS  3s 

1.05  ,  33 

1.10  411 

l.ls,  37 

1.22  34 

1.311  .15 

l.:lii   :i4 
l.iis  ,  :t3 

.115  '  3s 
.117  I  40 
.1111'  411 
1.00 '  :iii 
1.15  40 
1.12  40 
1.17  411 
.110  40 
.nil   :i',i 


Inrl. 

.so 
:  -sii 

.35 
.37 
.114 
1.33 
l.lo 
1.05 
1.24 
l.lo 
1.00 

.114 

.110 

1.05 
l.ln 
l.ls 
1.25 
1.30 

l.:i5 
1.05 
.115 
.n7 

.SS 
1.00 

1.20 
l.oli 
1.20 
.nil 
l.ol 


"  Ini-li.  " 

in  .N3  10 

17  .so  21 

...  i  .27  2.1 

20  ;  .34  27 

33  .37  27 

2ii  .n3  2ii 

2n  1.21  27 

23  l.lo  22 

34  .lis 
2:1  1.25 
:lii  l.ii- 
:t2  1.00 

34  .115 
3s  .110 

:i3  l.o,'. 

42  1.13 

35  1,1s 
35  1.25 
:iii  l.:lii  :t7 
:t5  l.;i5  35 
:t:l  l.iiii  :)7 

3S  .113  3s 

411  .11-  4ii 

43  .nil  :in 
:t7  1.00  :w 
311  1.20  3S 
40  l.on  40 

43  1.20  42 

3s  .-7  :(s 

411  l.on  43 


37 

2:1 
:!ii 
:(5 
3:1 
3n 
:i4 

311 
311 
40 


M.;ois    .lir,2  21I.4  .11113  25. :l  .'ii;4  |25.(l  .11114  24.2  .;iii2  22.s  .llil4  21.5.1171 
11.  .It  12-     2;i.:i':-       2:i.li7l       2:1.117:1       2:i.li75       211.117-       21i.li77       2ii.l 


.4.I171I  2-.1  .11-4  30.4.11-11  31.4.1I-.S  32.2.111111  33.11  .ll«:t  33.5 
I       2:1.1177       2:1.117.1      2:1  '1-1       2:i.:'7S      211.117-      2:1.117 


I',y. 

141.              151.. 

l.il. 

171,. 

lurl.       ■^' 

i>.i.. 
I.I.-1.     ■' 

1 

InrU 

It. 

201. 

li.rh 

'     211'            -MU.      '     2;tli.      !    MiJu'i- 

liirl,                Inrli        •■       Inrh.       ■'       li.rh        ' 

M,,«... 
li.,li 

11   :l-J  . 
h.ih 

hirli        "       ...'.:       > 

M 

.-2      10        .-5      11 

.;mi    11 

.no   12 

.1.11    14 

.no 

15 

.112    17 

.n2   17  ,  .n2   15     .n2   15     .n2    11 

.7115     s.:i 

.S4S 

2,1 

.71     22 

.70   22 

.1:11    25 

.04 

23 

.115    24 

...  i t ;  ... 

.74-     17.0 

.7711 

:i,l 

.2-     25       .2:1     2.'i 

.:il    2:1 

.33    2il 

.:15    27 

.311 

25 

.311    27 

.411    '25   ,   .3il    25   i   .:M    2iI   :   .33 

17 

.:i7n    24.S 

.:iss 

4lli 

.:i-   25     .:iii   j5 

.3-    27 

.3n   :i7 

.:i:i   3- 

.37 

34 

.3s    34 

.3S    34      .311    35   i   .311     .W  1   .3:1 

30 

.351     MX, 

.350 

5th 

.:i7   2-     .:i7   2- 

.40    :.'•. 

.42    27 

.41    211 

.45 

27 

.47    2s 

.47    25      .51    27  '  .51    2ii  :  .5(1 

20 

.:t97    27.9 

.39S 

'■Ih 

.;i:i    27      .;i-    2- 

l.iiii    211 

l.ns    2:1 

l.li-    27 

1.10 

27 

1.11     311 

l.lo    27    1.14    2:i    1.14    20    l.lil 

21 

.905     '25.1 

.nl4 

7tli 

1.1-     25     1.15     25 

1.15     2ii 

l.lli    2:1 

l.lli    22 

l.lli 

21 

l.lli    24 

l.lli    23 

l.lli    24    l.lli    25    l.lli 

27 

l.ln2    21.7 

1.205 

-11. 

l.lo     22    l.lo    22 

1.10    2:1 

l.lo    23 

l.lo    27 

l.lii 

:i| 

l.lo     33 

l.l:t'  :ii 

l.l:i    27    l.lo    22    l.on 

l.ll:l     24.1 

1.125 

I'lh 

1.00    :iii    1,04    :i4 

1.05    :i:! 

1.07    :i:) 

l.on    2:1 

I.m 

27 

l.lo    :i2 

1.15   :i5    1.15    :iii   1.15    :i:i    l.ls 

30 

I.077     '211.0 

1. 070 

loth 

1.25    24    1.21:    25 

1.2-    2ii 

1.2n    27 

l.:iii 

3:1 

1.30 

:»o 

I.311    :14 

l.:iii:  ...    l.:i2    ...    I.:i2    ...    I.:i2 

1. -2:111     '211.1 

l.-2:ls 

llth 

1.0-     37     1.115     35 

1.0:1    :I2 

1.00   :to 

1.110 

.to 

l.iio 

211 

1.00   :io 

1.00    :I0   :   .113    32      .nil    35   ;   .S3 

35 

l.loo     27.11 

l.lii:i 

12lh 

1.02    :l.:    1.04    37 

1.05    3ii 

1.03    :i4 

1.04,  35 

I.m 

30 

1.04    2S 

1.02    '211    1.00    2s    l,o;l 

2n    l.o:t 

211 

.n72    211.4 

.909 

13th 

.115     34      .11:;    35 

.nil    :iil 

.no    :i:( 

.SS  1  :)3 

.sti 

:)3 

.sii   :i4 

.so    31  j  .so    ;t2     ..so 

33  i  .so 

32 

.IKtil    31.9 

.9-27 

14th 

.nil   :i7     .110  :i5 

.113    27 

.115    35 

.:>'■   33 

.11- 

311 

.lis     3ii 

.ns   :t3  1  .lis   32   1.00 

:i3   I.IKI 

35 

.sn4    31.3 

.SMO 

15th 

1.05   :u   1.05   35 

1.05     3li 

1.07    3ii 

l.on   :iii 

l.on 

;is 

1.07    :iil 

1.05    35  ll.ii:i    32    1.00 

31     l.lHl 

:i2 

1.0-12    30.1 

1.II3S 

I'ith 

1.13    4<i    1.13    40 

1.15   :tn 

l.lo    .»2 

1.12    44 

1.22 

41 

1.23    :in 

1.'22    3:1 

1.2:t   :t4   1.25 

32    1.'25 

:ii 

l.on2   :i5.ii 

1.075 

I7th 

l.ls     3s     1.15    :|« 

1.15   :i- 

1.12    31 

1.12    :i5 

1.12 

:i5 

1.12   :is 

1.12    35 

1.12    33    1.12 

:i2    1.14 

:il 

1.172    33.4 

1.15s 

1-lh 

1.25    37    1.2s    ;)5 

1.2-    :i:i 

1.32    :t4 

l.:u   :t2 

l.:i5 

:i4 

l.:)5   :i4 

1..I2    :15 

l.:iii   35    i.:ni 

32   l.:io 

:i4 

1.210    :il.2 

|.2:i:t 

1:1th 

l.:iii    3li    l.ilii    3li 

1.30   :i4 

l.:io   :i5 

I.m   32 

1.30 

:i2 

l.:io   :io 

l.:io   ^n 

l.:io   27    l.:iii 

24    1.30 

24 

l.:io7     211.11 

1.303 

2lith 

l.:i5   34   1.35   :)4 

l.:i2   33 

1.30   33 

1.30    33 

1.30 

:i2 

l.:<ii.  :i4 

1.25    :13 

1.25   ;I4    l.ls 

35     l.ls 

:i5 

l.:ill    :iii.o 

1.3117 

■il.«l 

1.115     37     1.115    3S 

1.05   :)7 

1.00   35 

1.00 

311 

I.IKI 

3ll 

1.110   27 

I.IKI   :t5 

1.00     30     1.00 

2S     I.IKI 

•24 

l.o7,i    .'10.11 

1.070 

2'2,l 

.',i;l     37       .113    37 

.no   3s 

.nil   35 

.no 

311 

.110 

37 

.110     3S 

.SS    .30 

.SS    ;i4  1  .SS 

33  i   .110 

31 

.n-2ii    32.2 

.910 

2:1.1 

.n7   43     .117  40 

.ns   :i7 

1.112    311 

1.02 

41 

1.02 

4:1 

1.02    41 

1.00    40 

1.00  \  :I0   l.no 

31 

.116    211 

.900    :i5.o 

.943 

211h 

.110    37       .1111    3S 

.no   37 

.112  :i7 

.113 

35 

.n.'i 

35 

.115    35 

.115    33 

.n5   32     .no 

32 

,90    30 

.920     33.0 

.912 

25th 

1.00  40   1.00  :{!! 

1.00   :!,- 

1.00 

37 

1. 00 

3S 

.nil 

3s 

.nil   3s 

...  1 

.9711    3:i.5 

.ni;5 

2i:ih 

1.20   35   1.211   37 

1.20   37 

1.22 

:in 

1.25 

:iii 

1.25 

:i7 

1.'25    3li 

1.25    ;t7 

1.2s    30    1.25 

:w  ,1.25    30 

1.1-211    34.2 

1.113 

271  h 

l.on    3-    l.nii    37 

1.05    3s  , 

1.112 

:in 

1.05 

311 

1.05 

■to 

l.Oli    311 

1.07   3n 

1.07    3n    1.07    35    1.07    35 

1.114    :iii.s 

2-lh 

i.m  41    i.m   311 

l.ls   37  ; 

1.14 

:15 

1.14 

3ii 

1.14 

3S  1 

1.14    3- 

1.14    37 

1.10    3s    1.07 

3S    1.04    34 

1.1  :lo    :i7.1 

I.IOS 

21ith 

.s4    40      .-4    3- 

.s4    37 

.so 

37 

.sti 

37 

.s2 

3ll 

.S3    311 

.S5     35 

.s5    :i:l  ■  ,s7 

:t4  1  .no   :i4 

.900      illi.O 

.sso 

:ililli 

1.00    41    1.05    40 

1.115    3» 

1.03 

3s 

1.03 

an 

33.1 

1.03 

nns 
•2n. 

311 
32.7' 

IS3 

1.(13    3s 
linn  32.9 

■2:i.lis7 

1.03    37 

.nn4  32.0 
2;i.ns5 

1.03    M    1.03 

! 

;i4    1.03    35 

.9s6  j  30.U 

.905 

Mi'.'lllH 

It.  ai:i2- 

.lisl   33.1  .nS4  32.8' 

2:1. nun      2ii.n73 

n8ll  32.2 

'2ii;n7ii 

HStI 

:t2.4 

.nn2 

nnl  31.r.llS5  30.0, 981  '28.9 

.981  I  29.7 

2n.U77 

1 

'2:1.1 

7'1 

2n.i 

SO 

2ii.nsl      2n.nsl   '   2n.',iso 

1 

■n 

■M 

•2;i 

H.'i 
Ml 

;w 

411 

;i7 

;i7 
i  :is 
.    4li 

I   :w 

I    4i> 

I  4i 

II  4;i 


I  lull 
>4S 


() 

'.i'.i- 

..1 

'.114 

.1  1 

lur. 

1.1  1 

ii^ 

.li  1 

.io:i 

1.4 

.'.iii'.i 

.It 

.;•-( 

.,1 

,>Mi 

1.1 

.ii;i> 

<.ii 

.ii'i'i 

1.4 

.ir.x 

.-^ 

.■j:t;! 

l.'.i 

.;iii:i 

1.11 

.:iii7 

l.ti 

.117" 

'  —  i 

.i.ilii 

i.lll 

MA 

i.ii ; 

.'.112 

1.5  ■ 

.iiiiri 

l.i 

I.IKI 

;.s 

l.l:::! 

.1 

l.lll- 

i.li 

.H-ll 

i.U 

,'.(iiO 

1.7 

UECOBD  AND   niSCUSSlON   OF  ATMOSI'IIEUIC   PRESSUnE. 


f)7 


IlorUl.Y  AUSTUACT  OF  TIIK  Ke.VDINUS  (IF  TIIK  lUllOMKTKIt  AMI  AtTAI'IIKD  TlIKlOMMETKK  AT  VaN  Uf,NSSF,LAEH  llAUmill, 

In  Miiy,  1SI54,  in  I-iit.  7«°  37',  Loiijr.  70°  53'  W.  of  Oiwiiwieli. 
MiTCuriul  Barometer  in  Iioiise  on  dec1».     Jl)  inclics  +.     KiMulinjis  in  Enplisli  inolies  unci  dcjtrce.s  of  Fulirenhcit. 


98 


UK  coin*   A  M»    PISCUSSION    OK   A  T  MD.S  !•  H  K  RI  C    I'KKSSUIIK. 


IIiuni.Y  Austh.mt  hf  Tirr.  Ukahixos  or  tiik  Hahomftkii  ami  Attacmkh  Tiiermomk.teh  at  Van  UKNgKixARK  Haiuiuii, 

111  .luiie,  \>:<i,  ill  1,111.  7H°  :i"',  Lmfi.  T(l°  :'>;!'  W.  (if  Greenwich. 

Mtrcurinl  Barometer  in  house  on  deek.     '.'!•  inches  +.     Keiullngs  in  Kngllsli  inelies  anil  degrees  of  Fiihrenheit. 


Day. 


lid 

■M 

41  li 

,'iih 

lllh 

Till 

(•th 

Oth 

101  li 

lltli 

laih 

llllli 

14lli 

15th 

lUlll 

17lh 

16th 

l»th 

Ulith 

UUt 

'•23A 
U4th 
i.')th 
'Jiiih 
17lh 
2Mi 
•£HU 
*ith 


111. 


l.ii 
I. no 

1.00 

.lili 
.no 

I  .70 

'  .GS 
.ti4 
..IS 
.6U 

,  .Ii3 
.tiO 
.110 

■  .115 
.(It) 
.71 
.87 
.S-5 


Inrh 

47      .(Is  48 
;^4 

.M    1.-J.-I  .'•)4 

til!   I. no  no 

.'lO   l.no  .".^ 

.'lO  ,  .;,-,  4.; 

(4fi;^  .11(1 ,  44 

ii6  1  ..'it) :  4i( 

.8ii  4.-' 

,(!0  i  .14 

.W  ;  .70  J4 

M  I  .11!'  I  .'Hi 

.11)     .114  5» 

.'Ml      ..Ir.  .11 

.ti.l  (III 

.112  .1> 

.IK  .14 


48 


6:1 


1)0 


lorti 
.!I7 

.si  .1.1 

i.ii  y.i 

l.oii  «:; 

1.00  47 

.7."i  4n 

.i;ii  4ii 

..1(1  .lU 

.!'7  .10 


•111 

S() 

5l) 
li: 
5ii 
•IS 
.■■4 
'I) 
.17 
58 
60 
68 


.(17  64 

.(•6  68 

.(ili  1)4 

.73  68 

.S7  68 

.i-i  Hi! 

.7>  6li 

.to  6() 

.75  ti4 

.71)  .18 

..17  6ii 

.71!  6ii 

.84  68 


.114  6.1 

.6).  ,i:t 

.116  (111 

.1)1  6> 

.(13  6(1 

.dil  63 

.(15  liO 

.02  114 

.73  68 

.83  68 

.SJ  38 


.76   no 
.7(1    67 


4h. 

Inch  » 

.(15  4l! 

.82  6il 

1.26  ,14 

.(12  113 

1.00  47 

.73  47 

.nil  4' 

.71  63 

.87  62 

.6(1  48 

.70  6ll 

.n7  .14 

.114  6  s 


I       61). 

Inch.'    *' 

.{16    47 
.84    67 


1.0(1  ■*!< 

.80  .14 

.ns  4'.i 

.70  63 

.87  62 


.111 


6l> 


.74 
.84 


63 

no 

.nl  68 

.1,6  54 

.(!(•  62 

.(16  no 

.(III  113 

.86  68 

.80  6s 

.81  38 

.77  6*1 

.811  6n 

.74  nil 


.74    67 

.86    61 


.(111  47 

.70  62 

.111!  64 

.n7  64 

.6s  64 

.70  6ll 

.no  6n 

.ns  4(1 

.(10  6i) 

.dU  68 

.(10  68 

.80  68 

.85  tl3 

.7li  34 

.73  (16 


.78  6ii 
.Bn  65 
.76    42 


«1> 

Inrh.'  " 
.(16  4ll 
.85    67 


1.00  4s 

.78  .14 

.lis  .10 

.73  no 

.s7  .13 

.nn  64 

.70  60 

.117  (64 

.11-1  61 

.6s  66 


.(III  6li 

.(i7  67 

.90  59 
.80  '  68 

.80  44 

.77  34 

.74  (15 

.86  ni 

.72  6n 

.78  .14 

.6n  66 

.76  42 

.84  68 


71,. 


Inch 
.(16 

.86 


.(IS 

.so 
.117 
.77 
.87 
.(id 
.71 

.n7 

.lis 
.68 
.70 
.110 
.70 
.(Ml 
.97 
.80 
.80 
.S6 
.77 
!  .7H 

.85 

I  .72 

:  .78 

I  .61) 
I  .7« 
1  .86 


.10 
64 
62 
118 
63 
67 
63 
(54) 


lorli 
.96 

.86 


.116 
.79 
.811 
.110 
.71 

.(in 

53  I  .li" 

6n 


.85 

.^7 


ih. 

91>. 

1     o 

Inrh 

o 

48 

.(•5 

49 

60 

.S6 

62 

.94 

64 

l.OII 

112 

411 

.9« 

47 

66 

.80 

64 

63 

.n2 

63 

6l) 

.811 

63 

63 

.sn 

66 

5x 

63 

.81 

.116 

^3 

|64) 

.112 

64 

66 

.113 

64 

no 

.65 

63 

.n7 

5n 

6n 

.60 

68 

65 

.72 

6li 

69 

.92 

67 

69 

.97 

58 

65 

.811 

6li 

6n 

.80 

6(i 

45 

.s6 

42 

■M 

.76 

32 

68 

6  s 

6n 

64 
67 
4ii 

68 


.sn 

.70 
.78 
.69 


.79  .14 

.94  68 

6s    1.03  6s 

6n     .77  68 

6n      .(III  65 

.sn  40 

.76  34 

.7ti  68 

69  1  .88  69 

67  '  .711  64 

6n  I  .79  63 

6rt  !  .n2  64 

52     .78  62 

54      .89  63 


.80  62 

.n3  .14 

.80  61 

.90  .111 


Mi'miit    .">•:>  64. n  .785  .14.3  .7s3  64.2.7-11  64.2.7sn  64.0. 7'>6  63.7. 7f7  .14.ii  .7s8  .14.0.772  63.8.771  63.9.779  54.2. Jsn  64.4.781  63.9 
B.  «t32'.    29.71t>      29.717       29.715       29.718   j    29.720       29.718       29.719   I   29.721       29.706       29.704       29.712   :    29.718       29.714 


Dir. 


2.1 
3.1 
4th 
6th 

nth 
7:h 

81h 
l>th 
10th 
lUh 
12th 
13th 
14th 
1.1th 
inth 
17th 
isth 
19th 
20th 

2lKt 

•22.1 

•23.1 

24th 

26lh 

2nth 


14h 


.87  66 
.s4  56 
.98  5lJ 
.96  60 
.93  60 
46 


16l> 


16l> 


69 

62 

87 

63 

75 

1)4 

111) 

64  : 

70 

64 

112 

62 

114 

64 

•  .no 

.70  64 
j  .63  .14 
!  .79  68 
1  .94 •  6n 
'1.03  '  no 
'  .76  64 
;  .90  ! 
i   .85     1 


.84 

.(19 
.94 
.92 
.73 

.nil 

.87 
.74 
.llU 
.70 
.113 
."14 

.1)0 

.73 
.63 
.79 
.94 
1.02 


Inrh 

.sn 

.84 

.99 
.96 


.73 
.66 
."7 
.74 
'  .HI 
.70 
.(13 
.114 

.no 

6ri  I  .63 

6U  '  .79 

68  i  .95 

(1(1  1.01 

64  I  .1)7 


69 
62 
6n 

64 


I 


3      .(III    62 


.(III 


lnfh.|  « 
.86  6l 
.83 

1.00 

1.00 
...10 

.73 

.66  I 

•87; 

.74 

.117 

.n(i 

.  ;i' 

.114' 

.ni 

3' 
.63 
.79 
.94 

l.(KI 
.116 
.(Ml 


ISh. 


54  .8.) 
67  1.01 
09 
62 


l»h 

Inrh       •' 
.S3     6" 

.86    5n 


21  h. 


22h 


.82    .17 
.86    .16 


i  •-.•, 


62 
67 
63 
64 
62 
6n 
67 
63 

.14 


1.00  n9    I 

.91  62 

.73  63 

.6li  66 

.87  63 

.73  63 

.117  .12 

.11(1  66 

.113  64 

.04  63 

.no  ... 

.73  64 

.63  66 

.79  .14 


.00 

65    1.00 

.IHI 

n4    1.00 

.ss 

...       .87 

.73 

...      .73 

.61) 

...      .6.-.  1 

.87 

...      .86 

.86 

...      .83  ' 

72    66      .73;, 17 


64 
66 

no  1.00   no  1 

62      .66    4H 
(Ml    64 


46 


.84    42  j   .84    42 
.76    44  ;   .76    44 

.76    62  I   .76    62 


46 


.87     66      .87     66  I   .S7 
.71    56     .71    64     .71 


.83  I  41  .83  411 
.76  i  46  .76  63 
.7n|  60      .77    64 


56 

.111  57 

.110  54 

.60  ... 

.66  66 

.63  68 

.79  56 

.94  46 

.0(1  68 

.116  68 

.(Ml  6ll 

.S9  :i4 


.1)8  66 
.62  66 
.61  54 
.60  ... 
.64'  58 
.62  66 
.79  66 
.94  44 
.97  '  68 


Inrh 
.84 

.8X 
I.IHI 
l.OO 

.87 

.74 

.63 
.81 
.81 
.64 

.67 

I  .64 
I  .62 
!  .61 

.66 
]  ..14 

.80 
j  .99  ' 
I   .96 


27tli      (.80)  (62)    .80    60 


28th 
2(itli 

311th 


.64  '  63      .66    62 
.80    50      .so    62 


Fd    63      .76' 


71  I  63      .71    62 


.73    .14 


.94 


.S3    66 
.711    68   ! 


.94    48 


92 

64 

.1)1) 
.93 

61 

87 

36 

.86 

38 

74 

67 

.74 

66 

S3 

66 

.84 

66 

84 

63 

.86 

64 

69 

68 

.70 

68 

70 

68 

.69 

66 

7(1 

66 

.70 

66 

8(1 

67 

.80 

67 

94 

47 

.94 

46 

Inrh 

.84 

.88 

1.00 

1.(10 

.87 
.78 

.64 

.86 
.82 
.65 
.67 
.66 
.62 
.61 
.04 
.64 
.78 
.(I-; 
.97 
.65 
.94 


aai" 


Inrh  !  = 
.82  66 
.90  .  .14 


68 
63 

63  1.00    .14 

64  l.(Mi  I  66 
.87 
.78 
.65 
.811 
.82 
.64 
.65 

48  .64 '48 
66  ;  .69  I  56 
...  i  .61  I  ... 
66  !  .66  68 
66  j  .66  66 
66  I  .79  66 
59      .94    60 

68  'l.o2    68 

69  !  .67  69 
50  I   .94    49 


^Inrh 

'  .82 

!90 

1.0(1 
l.(KI 
.8S 
.76 
.66 
.78 
.86 
.66 
.64 
.64 
.59 
.62 
.64 
.66 
.79 
.94 

i.oa 

.70 
.93 


34      .88    32  '   .88    32 
54  I  .76    64  ;  .78    52 


.83 


.66 


,72  I  56  .72 
.8(1  I  66  '  .80 
.94    46      .94 


Means    .T^Sl  63.6  .781  53.4  .778  .13.3  .  

B.tl3r\  29,714  j   29.714  I  29,711   {   29.709   I   29.708 


■)3.9.777  54.3.782  64.9  .7so  64.4.781  64.1;. 782  164.1  .783 


66 

.82 

66 

64 

.86 

65 

68 

.6(1 

68 

56 

.66 

68 

64 

.72 

63 

67 

.80 

67 

43 

.94 

43 

)4.0 

.783 

63.8 

Inrh 
.897   I 
.848    i 
1.047  '• 
.982  ■ 
,941 
.763 
.634  j 
.787  1 
.822  I 
.641 
.686 
.1144 

.n:)7 

.6  (Ml 
.6S2 
.663 
.740 
.9411 
.9S7 
.772 
.861 


.713 


62.0 
64.6 
64.6 
61.3 
49.8 
60.6 
.14.1 
63.(1 
.14.2 
6:1.6 

63.7 
.14.3 
64. n 
6s. 4 
6.1.:) 


68.7 
,17.1 

4:). 9 
42.2 

Inrh 

.8:t4 
.778 
.977 
.894 
.8S2 
.693 
.666 
.722 
.764 

.620 
.676 
.6118 

.611 
.1108 
.480 
.1169 
.869 
.(HIS 
.696 
.793 


777 


.1  .  .637 
61      66.1  '   .681 


.1128 


16.0      .668 


.778     62.0  :  .716 
.891      62.1      .829 


29.712 


28.710       29.712      29.713   ;   29.716 


29.716 


781     64.1 
29.714      1 


•3 

J*' 
U. , 


MIUUII, 

, 

13h       1 

Inrh 

o 

>h 

.'.:) 

.h4 

.'i7 

.;m 

f.7 

.'.':i 

.M 

.'.'4 

.lit 

..'Hi 

4i> 

.M) 

04 

.liH 

.-•14 

.«:) 

,'lH 

.1)4 

.'■4 

.till 

.70 

.■i(i 

.y.\ 

.■14 

r..! 

I>5 

37 

7.'. 

:<ii 

7.'i 

6l> 

h7 

6S 

7-2 

ss 

W> 

i>2 

H3 

54 

80 

61 

.90    SO 


t. 

B.  91°. 

o 

lack. 

^■.'.0 

.KM 

'.4.ti 

.778 

'.4.1! 

.'.'77 

ill.it 

.f!i4 

4'.1.K 

.fh-i 

.')0.t> 

.(111.1 

r.4.1 

.rmii 

.'.:t.ii 

.7M 

,'.4.'J 

.7.'i4 

.',:i.5 

..'.70 

.'iH.? 

.nai 

.',4.:t 

..'i7tl 

.'i4.ii 

..MiH 

.'.K.4 

,  ..'ill 

.(IIW 
.4HII 
.fillll 
.hii'.l 
•  ilOS 
.li'.ll) 
.70:i 

.hO'.l 

.7:10 
.7"7 
.777 

.i;;i7 
.cm 

..'i.'iH 
.7111 


HECORD  AND   DISCUSSION   OF   ATMOSPHERIC   PRESSURE. 


99 


IIol'RLY  AnHTRACT  OF  TIIK  Re.VDINOR  OF  THE  RaROMETEU  AM)  ATTArllED  THERMOMETER  AT  VaN  UeXSSELAEK  IlAHIlOtt, 

In  July,  lHri4,  in  Lnt.  78°  37',  LonR.  70°  53'  W.  of  Grci'nwii+i. 
Sloronriiil  Biironieter  on  deck.     2(1  inclios  +.     Rpnilinp.s  in  Entflish  inches  nnil  degrees  of  Fiilircnluit. 


D.y. 


l»l 

2.1 

4th 
Sth 
Ml 
7lh 

Cth 

mil 

loth 
lltli 
12lh 
1:11)1 
14lli 
ISth 
l.'.th 
17tli 

ISlll 

l:>lli 

2lith 

21'.t 

22.1 

2:1.1 

24th 

2.'.ih 

2i:th 

27tli 

2m  ti 

2'.illi 

:iiitii 
»;tut 


Ih. 

2h. 

Inrli 

0 

Inrli 

0 

Ir 

.'.14 

43 

.114 

43 

.'.•4 

4:1 

.114 

44 

.H!l 

43 

.8(1 

42 

.Wi 

47 

.',10 

48 

M 

82 

.82 

52 

.77 

52 

.78 

51 

.81 

40 

.82 

41 

.«n 

42 

.83 

47 

.78 

Mil 

.-X 

40 

.71 

41 

.71 

41 

.till 

42 

.(19 

42 

.1)4 

4t> 

.(i4 

47 

.ti5 

42 

.(ifl 

4:1 

.81 

40 

.81 

41 

.(!U 

43 

.611 

44 

.IIH 

4.'i 

.ilil 

4:i 

1 

.'.'** 

42 

.118 

42 

.7;t 

43 

.78 

4:1 

.hO 

4ii 

.711 

45 

.H7 

44 

.Mi 

43 

3h. 


4I1. 


Bh. 


fnrli 

0 

ll.rl, 

0 

.'J4 

44 

.114 

42 

.94 

42 

.115 

44 

.85 

43 

.84 

42 

.811 

47 

.88 

48 

.81 

47 

.80 

47 

.78 

57 

.78 

57 

.82 

41 

82 

42 

.83 

45 

.83 

41 

.78 

:i8 

.7S 

M'* 

.711 

41 

.70 

40 

.li8 

42 

.115 

42 

.(i4 

4ii 

.114 

40 

.i;5 

43 

.tl7 

44 

.78 

40 

.78 

41 

.ti5 

44 

.05 

44 

45 

.S5  4:1 

.!"'  42 

.64  42 

.90  45 

.07  :i8 

.07  37 


.WI  45 

.>5  42 

.92  45 

.62  41 

.90  4:1 

.05  30 

.'.0  30 


1       6I>. 

Inrti 

0 

.94 

4(1 

.93 

48 

.85 

44 

.90 

55 

.8" 

4(1 

.79 

49 

7h. 


Inrli 

.94 

.91 
.85 
.90 
.NO 
.79 


.S3 

42 

.84 

4:1 

.7H 

.|o 

.78 

42 

.70 

44 

.711 

45 

.04 

44 

.04 

45 

.04 

48 

.04 

47  . 

.(17 

45 

.'17 

4(1 

.78 

41 

.78 

4:t 

.03 

41 

.03 

4:t 

1.00 


.7:! 

45 

.75 

.75 

43 

.75 

.80 

42 

.^l 

.00 

41 

1.0" 

.95 

42 

.94 

.79 

44 

.81 

.78 

40 

.78 

.80 

62 

.^7 

75    45 

82    40 

:i9 

12 

.90    39 

.0:1    38 


.75 

.82 
.91 
.48 
.90 


M.-nii«    .7s9  4:1.1  .7m1  4:t.:t.7-l  42,9.778  42.8.772  42.9.773  13.0.778  4-1.0.781  45.2.779  40.1  ."82  40.7.787  47.5.790  48.3.7-1  49.7 
II.  «l;12^    28.750       29.74(1    ,    29.743       29.741       29.734   ,    29.733      29.737   i    29.730       29.733   \   29.734   j   29.7:19   1    29.737   j    29.725 


0.,y 


1-t 

2.1 

:M 

4lh 

51  h 

0th 

7th 

8th 

9th 

loth 

lllh 

12lh 

l:lth 

14th 

15th 

loth 

17th 

1-lh 

I '.'III 

2"th 

2lHt 

T.'A 
2:1.1 
241  h 
25lh 
201  h 
27tli 
28th 
2lilh 
:«i|h 
'3Ut 


10'.. 


.>4 

.91 


54 
51 
")■' 
till 

ii:i 

4.1 
44 
44 


."4 

.11:1 
.7'! 


luch  I 
.95  1 

.90 , 

.s4 

.93 


40 
4-1 
44 


.05 
.75 
.79 

.(14 
.54 
.77 
.77 
.90 
1.03 
.HI 
.81 
.79 
.86 
.78 
.90 
.80  j 
.(14  I 
.80 : 


51  '  .05 
UO  I  .59 
4(i  i  .05 
49  i  .75 

52  i  .79 
41  I  .041 

41  j  ..'.5  , 
49  .77 

42  !  .77 
47  1  .92 
63  1. 112 


4(1 
50   I 
55 
40  I 
42  ' 
40 
41 

•*1  I 

54     1 


.82 
.81 
.78 
.85 
.78 
.90 
.80 

.00 

.80 

.0:1 

.75 


02 
59 

.77  07 

.80  45 

.Ml  43 

.>2  14 

.77  .'.o 

.04  00 

.04  50 

.05  47 

.75  .'lO 

.79  ,55 

.04  40 

.0:1  44 

.77  45 

.79  42 

.ii:t  50 
02 

.N2  45 

.80  5:1 

.77  55 

.85  4h 

.78  01 

.'HI  W 

.Ml  55 

.70  47 

.80  45 

.(i:t  00 

.77  57 


llirl.  I 
.90 

.h4 
.7» 


.f4 

.91 


Inch 
.90 

.90 

.91 


'11 
4:1 
44 
44 
.•.1 


.04 
.'14  1 
.05  i 


4'i 


.78  40 
.05  42 
.00  42 
.77  '  45 
.SI  !  43 
.94     19 


1.02 


.77 

.80 


.80 

.72 


47 

49 
49 
47 
44 


.'14 
.114 
.115 

.79 
.li5 
.00 
.77 
.s2 
.94 
1.03 

.Ml 
.75 
.80 
.77 


.(13 
.78 


.80 
.03 
.77 


54 
41 

43 
45 
45 

48 
50 
47 
6:1 

5:t 
49 

.'lO 

49 
48 
•111 
+4 


.113 
.(14 
.05 
.77 
.79 
.05 
.113 
.77 
.••3 
.94 
I.IKI 


1.2 
42 
44 
44 

51 

58 
45 
45 
53 
4:1 
42 
44 
44 
47 


2(11' 

Incli  ^ 

.9(1  40 

.90  40 

.85  57 

.91  57 

.78  03 


.82 

49 

.80 

53 

.75 

52 

.MO 

49 

.77 

49 

.92 

47 

.73 

47 

45 
41 
4:i 
47 


.811 
.81 
."1 

.70 
0*' 
!(14 


.05 
.05 
.70 
.M 
.9:1 
1.00 
.82 
.80 

.80 

.77 
.92 
.(19 
.81 

.7. 


21i' 

tn,'li  I  " 
.91  i44 
.91  i  47 


231' 


In.l..  » 
.94  45 
.91     45 


1 7  :  58 

!-0  I  42 

!  .81  I  42 

.Ml  i  44 

:01  I  M 
.05  !  49 
.05  I  43 

.73  !  47 


13    49 
47 


49  1 

/ ! 

M.'iiii»_  .780  '60.2V784_6K2  .791  51.6  .790  48.9|.788  40.2!. 788  48.8  .787  48.4 
U.  ut32°     29.723   j   29.724       29.7:UI       29.730   |   29.733   I    2'J.735       29.734 


.84  4:t 

.94  45 
1.00  I  .54 
.s2  i  45 
.90  I  44 
.7:1 '  50 
.70  I  44 
.78  47 
.93  t  44 
.05  45 
.90  44 
.72  44 
.03  49 
.77    40 


4'i 
41 


.01  52 

.05  48 

.08  41 

.71  44 

.05  42  , 

.07  42  I 

.•^4  4:i 

.90  44 

.00  53 

.h2  40  ; 


.08 

.84 
.94 
1.00 


■1,1 
45 
40 
4'1 
49 
45 
43 

■i;( 
41 
42  : 

42 
43 


Inch. 
.94 
.90 
.911 
.S3 


.71 
.60 
.05 
.06 


44 

4; 
49 

111! 

54 
411 
4- 

44 
46 
44 
43 


tnrli 

0     ' 

.948 

47.1 

.912 

47.7 

.^5o 

5ii.:i 

.8911 

55.5 

.785 

55.1 

.7-9 

4.1.8 

.M3 

4:t.l 

.s22 

43.3 

.770 

40.11 

.001 

.0:10 

.048 


51    1.00 
47      .80 


.774 
.042 

.6,80 
.751 
.787 
4:1  ,  .877 
51  1.007 
■•85 


4:1 

}ii 

ill 


95 

44 

.95 

7:! 

ti'Z 

.72 

78 

44 

.78 

75 

44 

.73 

93 

44 

.93 

00 

14 

.58 

90 

4:1 

.90 

72 

41 

.72 

ii:( 

40 

.113  , 

70 

45 

.75 

.95 
.73 
.78 
.72 


44  i  .93 

43  '  .50 

43  !  .90 

43  I  .09 

41  i  .03 

43  .75 


.788  40.7  .788  45.9  .784  46.7  .777  44.! 


.823 
.708 
.840 
.709 
.882 
.809 
.03- 
.844 
.032 
.721 

783 


4-.ll 
49.7 
45.5 
45.5 
41I.5 
42.2 
41.0 
4.-.. 4 
4:1.0 
45.7 
48.9 
44.4 
47.7 
511.5 
40.8 
4-.4 
43.4 
45.2 
43.9 
13.0 
40.5 
44.9 

40.6  I 


Inch. 

.898 
.800 
.792 

.827 

.714 
.740 
.771 
.7-3 
.724 
.01 '8 
.573 
.003 
.iiMI 
.720 
.005 
.545 
.700 
.749 
.131 
.953 
.-12 
.77:1 
.709 
.791 
.710 
.842 
.704 
.590 
.804 
.584 
.077 


29.710 


;9.742   !    29.' 


;9.734 


29.730 


m 


ii 

11 


i-*;  I 


100 


RKCOUD   AND   DISCUSSION   OF   ATMOSPHERIC   TRESSURE. 


llonil.V  AllSTllACT  OK  TllK  Rk.MIINiIS  liF  TIIK  HAltuMKTKK  AND  AtTACMKI)  TltKUMuMETKK  AT  VaN  RENKSELAEK  IIaIUIOH, 

III  Aiidiisi,  Isji,  ill  I.iii.  Ts"  ;i7',  L(iii(.'.  "0"  &;i'  \V.  of  (irt'ciiwiili. 
Mi'iviiiiiil  Iliironiflor  uii  divk.     2'J  iiulii's  +.     lU'iidiiigs  in  Kn(;li»li  indies  iind  ile(?rt'C8  of  Fulireiilieit. 


B.y. 


■M 

■ttli 

Mk 

i;th 

7tli 

i-\h 

litli 

li'lli 

Utli 

IJtli 

i:tili 

Htl. 

l.'.th 

ICIli 

ITili 

iMli 

llitli 

limli 

■2\>i 

■S\.\ 

•i'lili 

i;i;tii 

•::7ili 

•>iii 

lliilh 


ih. 


2h. 


1.' 


'.IS 


.Tf)  4:; 

..'.4  ;i7 

.liM  411 

.Ml  :v.t 

.:>ii  411 

.hf.  41 

.hi  I'.li 

.••.']  4" 

4r, 

.'Xi  41 

.sj  411 

.;7  :;« 

.4.'.  :;4 

.71'  'JS 

.'■.;:  :i:i 

.74  :i4 


.74   ^:i 


Inrli 
.75 

..'■4 


I       3li. 

Iii.li  ,  " 
.74  4:i 
..14  :17 
.i:-l  4'J 
.Ml    Its 

.:u'  :i'.i 
.s,)  ;i!t 
.bli    M 

.M    41 


l.iw 
.117 


4:i    l.ns    41 


.li.'i 


41 

:iH 
;i7 

;t4 

.-,11  ;i:t 

.711  M 

.114  :t:t 

.74  IW 

.7(1  ;i^ 

.1;:)  :iii 


.71   •.;'.i     .71   ^:i 
..',11  M     .47   :w 


4h. 

Ilirli  i     " 

.7:1    42 

..'■4 .  -.m 

.lifi  I  4:! 
.)>{>'■  Hi 

.'.III ;  :iK 
.s;t  I  ;t7 

.SI)  !  113 

.»7    40 

l.llh     41 

.llli   40 
.ii.'i  ■  as 

.Si ;  37 

.74  311 

.34  -M 

..'il  33 

.711  lis 

.114  M 

.74  31 

.7(1 .  32 

.113  3<l 

.711  32 

.114  2:. 

.lid  2s 

.7.'>  31 

.'111  2s 


.71  3(1 
.44  32 
.34    2S 


5k. 

Inrli      ■' 

.74    41 

..'.4  37 
.(Hi .  42 
.sii  37 
.'.111  3!) 
.»3  '  3H 
.HO  3(i 
.S7    40 


.'.i.'i 
.'.14 


41 
31) 

.S2  3li 

.74  311 

.33  Xt 

.114  :i4 

.7il  21) 

.il.'i  311 

.74  3,'i 

.111)  32 

.114  34 

70  34 

.74  27 

.113  2ii 

.73  24 

.7.')  2» 

.115  30 

.'71  2'.'i 

.42  32 


eh. 

lurli  '     ■> 

.72  40 
.5(1  31) 
.(M  I  42 
.SO  3H 
.!)0  40 
.S3  '  37 
.80  38 
.ss  42 
l.ns  40 
.1)5  40 
.'.14  37 
.s2 


7l>- 


81>. 


9b. 


I 


10l>- 


lib. 


37 

.73  i  3li 

.32  311 

.115  35 

.7ii  31 

.iKi  3(i 

.74  3(1 

.113  32 

.114  35 

.70  33 

.75  2S 

.110  24 

.73  25 

.75  21) 

.5s  25 

.115  31 

.71  .111 

.41  31 

.37  311 


Inrli 

.70 

.511 

.so 

.110 
.S3 
.SO 
.SI) 
l.OS 
.95 
.1)4 
.S2 
.73 
.31 

.(ill 
.7li 

.117 
.74 
.1111 
.114 
.70 
.75 
.Ml 
.73 
.7(1 
.57 


lurli. 

.70 

.57 

.(11) 
.S2 

.'JO 
.S3 
.SO 
.111 
l.dS 
.1)5 
.114 
.SI 
.70 
.31 
.117 
.7'' 
.117 
.74 
.111) 
.114 
.70 
.75 
.5S 
.73 


.115 


.72  32 
.311  31 
.3s    32 


.72  33 
.34  30 
.3'.l    31 


llirli. 

.(i7 
.5S 
.70 

.S2 

.1)0 
.S3 
.SO 
.112 
l.i'll 
.'.15 
.114 
.SO 

.(111 

.31 

.118 
.75 
.117 
.74 

.11'.) 
.114 


.511 
.74 


.63 
.118 
.71 
.311 

.311 


.115 
.58 


.1)4 
.71) 

.31) 
.111) 
.75 
.70 
.73 
.1111 
.115 
.70 
.71; 


.S4 
.118 
.71 
.21) 
.3'.) 


iDih. 
.113 
.1111 
.71 
.S3 
.1111 
.S2 
.so 
.115 

l.O'.l 

.115 
.1)4 
.78 
.(!4 
.30 
I  .71 


.73 
.118 
.'1.5 
.70 
.78 
.57 
.74 
.75 

'.84 
.118 
.71 
.2!) 
.38 


MeaiiH    ,7(15  35. 


:i4.il.7ii4  34.1  .7i'4  3,1.11.712  34.0,712  34.4,712  35,il,7ll  3ti.5  .717  37.5.717  38.5  .71H  311.4 


11.  at3'2°     21).(JS7       M.d'M      2U.(l^l)       JD.lihll       2!).iiU7       21),ii9li      ■21).(ili4      21i.tiIW 


n*y. 


1st 

2.1 

3.1 

4lli 

Sill 

nth 

7lli 

sill 

lith 
imli 
Utli 
12tli 
13lli 
14tli 
15tli 
Mill 
17tli 
isth 
llHIl 

aoth 

2lKt 

23.1 
24tli 
251)1 
2i.tll 
•27tli 


SOlh 
31st 


14)1 


Inrli 
,114 


.72 


.74 
.74 


1611. 

Ilirlt  ,     '" 

I  .(13    52 

.1.11  4.'. 
.-11  41 
.'•-    -12 

.'.10  (50) 

'  ,62    00 


•9 


.S3 

.'.111  4- 

1.113  42 

.114  411 


1611 

In.h       ' 

.111  51 

.1,0  45 

.SII  4.1 

.SI)  47 

.11(1  (50) 

.S2  54 

.  s5  (12 

.'.i(i  41) 
45 


17b 


I8I1 


.ti7  H2 
.S6  ... 
.117    37 


.111 


.(14 
.115 


45 

.77  .Ml 
.57  3(1 
.30  3li 
.73  3'.l 
.72  48 
.711  43 
.72  48 
3.1 
3s 
35 
34 
41 
38 
35 


1.114 
.114 
.III 
.77 
.54 
.31 
.74 
7'2 


.114 
.(17 
.71 

.5(1 
.74 
.74 


44 

3li 
3(i 
31) 
41) 
3') 
4il 
34 
37 
3li 
34 
40 
37 
34 


,8.1 
.►4 
.117 
1.02 
.1)4 

.'.Ml 

.77 
,54 
,33 


31      ,114    31 

:  ...    .85   ... 


.73 
.72 

.1)4 

.118 

.74 
.75 
(.57) 
.73 
.74 
.112 
.Sll 


I... I. 
511  .5'.1 
41  .110 
41  .Sll 
45        .88 

5(1  .9(1 
55  '  .S3 
54  .s4 
44  .117 
4i;  1.112 
50  .95 
43  :  .'.Jil 
49  .77 
311 
35 
31) 
51 
34 
45 
38 
3s  , 
3(i 
33 
(41) 
31) 
34 


.74 


Iflli. 

111.  I. 

..57  47 

.no  49 

.Sll  42 

,89  45 

,110  4» 

,>3  52 

,84  53 

,9S  51 

l.oc  44 

,95  53 

,S8  41 

,77  47 

,51  35 

.35  34 

.77  37 

.117  411 

.73  32 

.73  41 

.112  38 

.70  35 

.73  33 

.75  32 

,112  34 

.74  34 


2nb. 

In.  I. 

.511  47 

.nil  45 

.Sll  41 

.89  43 

.9(1  47 

.82  .50 

.85  53 

i.m  51 

.98  44 

.95  54 

.s7  42 

.77  4.1 

.49  34 

.37  3il 

.77  35 

.(17  45 

.73  32 

.72  43 

.(12  38 

1  .70  32 

!  .72  33 


I  .75 
<  .(13 

I      7', 


32 


33 


.8(1 


.(is  35   .(17  3(!  :  .117  31 


.70  34  j  .70  34   .70  34  .70  35 
.'ill  34  ,'42  i  34   .'43  33   .'45  32 


70  34 


MHanii  .717  41.0.715  41.5  .715  41.5.717  40.8. 71B  40.(i , 


1),  11132^  '29,084 


29,081 


!9.ll81 


29. 085 


;9.(is4 


(11 

35 

8(1 

lid 

34 

70 

34 

ri5 

3i).6 

21). 

185 

14 
.(15  32 


.84 


211' 

I...1, 
.55  45 
.01  49 
.811  42 
.'10  41 
.911  47 
.81  50 
.S5  51 

1.12  51 
.9'-  43 
.98  37 
.84  42 
.77  14 
.47  34 
.3>-  34 
.79  35 
.07  41 
.73,  35 
.71  '  43 
.112!  37 
.70;  30 
.72 1  33 
.72,31 
.05  :  25 
.75  33 
1  ,  32 
i  ... 


11.094 


In.'li 

.55  44 

.01  4s 

.811  41 

.90  41 

.87  45 

.81  49 

.85  47 

1.02  .il 

.98  42 

.95  39 

.s4  43 

.7s  43 

.4.-.  34 

.1"  35 

.79  34 

.07  39 

.74;  30 

.70  37 

.02  i  37 

.70  31 

.72  33 

.70  31 

.05  '25 

.70  32 

.05  33 


nil) 


2'J.li8t) 


13b. 


Iirh 

u 

llioli 

0 

.03 

51 

.04 

52 

.nil 

47 

.1111 

45 

.71 

42 

.75 

42 

.8.1 

43 

.80 

44 

.90 

51 

.911 

50 

SO 
90 
1.09 
.95 
.94 
.78 
.03 
.3(1 


53 

49 

45    I 

47 

45 

42 

30 

30 

38 

43 

40 

■til 

37 

35 

30 

34 

38 

38 

34 

:"!! 

3:')  ! 

32  j 

33  I 


.82  .54 
.811  I  57 
.90  '  47 
1.07  41 
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.77  44 
.02  30 
.311  35 
.72  39 
.74  .50 
.711  41 
.72  41 
.07  35 
.05  30 
.711  30 
.77  32 
.57  39 
.74  3li 
.74  33 
.no  30 
.80  ... 
.07  30 
,70    33 


33  I  ,38    33 


;17  40,1  ,717  40,5 
2U.(is7    i   2U.C86 


1 1..' I. 
.55 
.01 
,s(l 
.911 
.s5 
.si 
.85 

l.lHi 
.98 


MidD  I. 
Ilirh  I     " 

42     ..55  '  .19 
45      .01    43 

.1(1  .80  38 
40  i  .'.HI  40 
.S5  43 
.80  ;  4<> 
.85     41 

1.07    43 

i  .118 :  41 

'  .95  41 
.-4  42 
.77    41 

.39 1  ;t4 

!  .40  ]  35 

I   .79  '  34 

.115    31 

.74  ,  32 

.70    33 


II.  3t' 


45  1 
39 

't'l 

41 

40 
42 


.641 


.04 
.80 


34  I 

34 

34 

35 

3ii 

31 

33 

30 

20 

32 

32 


lorh 

.(44 

.583 
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.85(1 
.895 
,825 
.820 
.940 
1.047 
i    .952 

:  .911 

'    .79(1 

.1109 

..337 

I    .080 

j    .723 

.095 


Ui-h 

.697 
.514 

.ll'.lS 
.S15 
.851 


4ii.3 
43.4 
41.1 
41.7 
45,1 
47.4 
40.  s 
40.3 
42  9    l.("i9 


.04  32 
.70  31 
.70i31 
.05  I  '2» 
.05  i  '20 
.74  32 
32 


.0(1 


.004 
.001 
.7117 
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.7'2ii 
.721) 


44.0 
41.2 

42.3 
.15.7 
35.2 
311.2 
39.0 
35.1) 
39.0 
34.7 
34.9 
34.2 
311.8 
31.1 
32.8 
31.8 


.9111 
.877 
.753 
.590 
.319 
.11110 
.095 
.075 
.098 
.(147 
.043 
.092 
.730 
.597 
.7119 
.712 


.00  ■  34  .07 1  35 

.(!«  34   .08  1  33   .08  33  !  .07  32 


.SB 

.87  37  I  .08  3s   .00  30 


32 


J3  1  34   .25  33  :  .311  :y>      .30  32   .32.1   32, 


..50  '2(1   ..50  '24  '  .50  '24 


5U 


.021  30.1  ,017 
,783  311,8  !  .777 
.075  34.2  .1100 
.71111  32.1  .091 
.313 
.407 


713  39.0.713138.0.713  37.6.713  30.4  .707  35. 

29.0'-5        2,I.OSs        29.091)       '29.092        29.0S9 


,1 


M 

II. 


M 
II. 


union, 

13 

1. 

ii.li 

.114 

r,2 

.1,11 

4;> 

."Ti 

4-i 

.Ki; 

44 

.nil 

50 

.82 

r>4 

.811 

57 

.'.111 

47 

.117 

41 

.iH 

48 

.I'm 

4:) 

.77 

44 

.li- 

■Ml 

.1)11 

.:i8   xi 


40.5 


B.ar. 

iDi-h 

.597 
.544 

.Ii!l8 
I   .815 

:  .851 

.775 

.8:i'j 
I. mi'.) 
.'.•Ill 


.5911 
.1111) 
.ililii 
.11115 
.1175 
.11118 
.1147 
.li4H 
.(!!i2 
.7;ili 
.5ii7 
.71111 
.712 
.1117 
.777 
.1111(1 
.liSil 
.313 
.407 


,  1 


RECORD   AND   IHSCUSSION   OF  AT  M  OS  P  UK  R  I  C   PRESSURE. 


101 


IIOIIILY  AllSTKACT  OF  TIIK  Uk.MH.NiIS  iiF  TIIK  ISAHIIMHTKII  .\NII  AtIAI 

MIKI)  TllRnMdMHTKH  AT  V. 

iN  Rk.\M8ei,aeii  IIauikir,  1 

111  S('|itemlit'r,  ISfrt,  in  I,iit.  78°  3V,  Long. 

70°  .1;!' 

\V.  of  Grcciiwiifli. 

Mcrt'urinl  Biiromotcr  on 

deck.     29  inches  +.     Readings  in 

Engli»li 

iiclica  and  degrees 

of  Fulirenheit.                    1 

U.7. 

Ih. 

2h. 

iiii-ii.!  0 

31.. 

Ilirh.l     " 

411. 

6li. 

Inrh.'    » 

7U. 

Sb. 

911.         lot. 

In.'li.     »      h.rl..     " 

lurli.     " 

Nuon. 

1311. 

Inrli.i    ' 

Ilirli.i     o 

Incli.     " 

Ilirl.. 

0 

Iiirli.     » 

llirh.'     ° 

Il.rli,      " 

1st 

.51    23 

.51 

20 

.51     20 

.51     2(1 

.53 

20 

.53    21      .52    20 

.51    27 

.51    27      .51    32 

.51    .34 

.51     25 

.61    22 

2.1 

1 

.34    20 

.34    20 

.34 

22 

.33    23      .33    25 

.33    25 

.33    25      .33    20 

.33    27 

.33    28 

.33     28 

:i.l 

.'33    18 

.'34 

111 

.34    20 

M     18 

.34 

18 

.34     111   i   .34    111 

,34    20 

.34    21       ,311    21 

.43    23 

.47     23 

A>    111 

*4tli 

..'.3,  10 

.50 

8 

.50       II 

.50 

9 

.57 

11 

.511     13    1.02     17 

1.04    211 

1.05     23    l.iill    24 

1,011    3(1 

1.12    32 

1.15     28 

5lh 

1.1 11:     11 

1.10 

10 

1.10       <J 

1.10 

(1 

1.12 

9 

1.11     10    l.dll     12 

1.07     12 

1.00     14    1,00     19 

1.05    20 

1.05     22 

1.01     20 

litll 

.1)1     1(1 

.112 

11 

.113    11 

.112    11 

.92 

12 

.92    13      .112    1:1 

.112    21 

.93    22      .92    23 

.93    23 

.94    29 

.115     23 

7lli 

.!I4    14 

.1)4 

13 

.113    12 

.n  12 

.91 

12 

.9(1    12      ,89    12 

.88    12 

.S8     13      .88     14 

..-O    19 

.s5    21 

.Vl    21 

Stll 

.81    10 

.80 

10 

.80     11 

.87 

11 

.88 

11 

.88     12     .88    14 

.••7    14 

.87     19   !   .Mi     18 

.80    17 

.85    10 

.85     17 

iith 

.112.  10 

.112 

10 

.112    11 

.92 

11 

.9,3 

(12) 

.94  (13)    .94  (14) 

.94  (15) 

.94     10      .94    17 

.96     17 

.95     18 

.115     19 

•lOlh 

.75  1  13 

.77 

12 

.70     12 

.75 

12 

.77 

12 

.77    14     .77    15 

.77    10 

.811     23      .811    20 

.80  ;  25 

.78     26 

.75     27 

•mil 

.75     1(1 

.74 

8 

.75 

n 

.75      9     .72    11 

.72    12 

.70     14      .70     16 

.74 

18 

.75     23 

.70    22 

12th 

.8(1  '  4(i 

.'87 

40 

.88    45 

.88,  43 

.89 

41 

.89    41      .nil    42 

.nil    45 

.90    49      .nil    49 

.92 

47 

.115     45 

.97    41 

llltli 

.1)2    34 

.112 

34 

.112    33 

.1'2    33 

.90 

33 

.90    37      .nil    35 

.11(1 

47 

.90    45      .90    45 

.110    40 

.90    54 

.11(1    35 

«14tli 

.75    4.1 

.74 

311 

.72    37 

.70 

38 

.70 

38 

.70    411      .119    48 

.08 

52 

.117    49      .04    45 

.011 

41 

.011    42 

.57    42 

15th 

.48    47 

.47 

45 

.45     44 

.45 

42 

.44 

43 

.44 

46  , 

.43    4s      .43    411 

.43 

411 

.43    43 

.43    40 

Kith 

.55    5(1 

53 

51 

.45    47 

.40 

40 

.45 

45 

.47 

46      .40    42 

.'40    44 

.03    04      .7(1    00 

.74 

04 

.78     OO 

.80  ,  60 

17th 

.112    4!l 

.02 

411 

.02    .50 

.04 

48 

.05 

40 

.06 

46  '  .05    45 

.05     58 

.on    57     .72   57 

.80 

57 

.80  i  50 

.85    60 

ISlh 

.(18    5li 

.011 

54 

.S5     01 

.80 

«0 

.78 

54 

.78 

51 

.7>*    48 

.77    40 

.75    43      .811    42 

.80 

50 

.80    68 

.8(1    49 

I'.ith 

.85    5(1 

.85 

47 

.-0    40 

.80 

45 

.80 

42 

.85 

41 

."4    45 

.82    58 

.75     50      .75     54 

.75    60 

.75    54 

.75    58 

2iith 

.73  ,  54 

.73 

48 

.72    40 

.73 

45 

.75 

44 

.76 

43 

.Ml    511 

.811     04 

.811     00      .811    02 

.82 

50 

...  !  ... 

21  «t 

.S5    53 

.84 

54 

.•«3    .-.4 

.81 

55 

.811 

50 

.80  ;  55   i  .78    50 

.75    114 

.74    07      .72  '  08 

.70 

110 

.03  '  00 

.00     50 

22.1 

.25    55 

.22 

48 

.21     47 

.19 

48 

.17 

50 

.13    51       .111    50 

.111    114 

.10    58      .1(1    511 

.10 

50 

.10    07 

.12    09 

2,1.1 

.33    53 

.33 

55 

:.H    50 

.37 

53 

.37    53 

.37     .50   '   .37    ,50 

.37     53 

.37     54      .37     53 

.35 

54 

.31     49 

.31     57 

24lh 

.2(1    51 

.20 

411 

.2(1    48 

.20 

48 

.20 

48 

.20'  52      .211    58 

.20    .14 

.25     79      .27     08 

.27 

on 

.31    07 

.28    07 

251  li 

.22    .53 

.22 

54 

.21     50 

.20 

5« 

.20 

56 

.20  :  67      .20    59 

.211    04 

.211     115      .18  '  111 

.18 

02 

.18    03 

.19    04 

2.11  h 

.35    5!l 

.37 

57 

.4(1  ,  55 

.40 

53 

.42 

54 

.46  ;  55      .411    113 

.53    116 

.54    114      ..54  '  05 

.60 

05 

.65  i  05 

.53    55 

271h 

.7(1    50 

.73 

50 

.75    50 

.77  '  .55 

.80 

55 

.80    54      .^11    50 

.-3    03 

.84    08      .80     02 

.80 

02 

.80    00 

.80    00 

28 1  h 

.83    .5(1 

.83 

52 

.83    52 

.83    54 

.83 

48 

.83    47 

.>■:,    Ill 

.^5     04 

.h5     0(1      .83    57 

.73 

56 

.75  ,  .54 

.71    44 

2;itli 

.(111    (U 

.(in 

57 

.(111    50 

.119    5« 

.70    50 

.70  '  53 

.75    71 

.75    73 

.71     on      .114    111 

.09 

03 

.72    06 

.74    04 

♦Hdth 

.85    48 

.85 

.5(1 
30.3 

.83    44 

.001   35.11 

.83    42 
.059  35.4 

.83    42 
.00(1  ;t5.(i 

.s4 
.000 

43     .s4    511 
35.5  .075  38.9 

.Ml    53 
.075  42.7 

.no   54    .nil   52 

.084  44,3  .1183  43.4 

.110 

05 

.90    55 
.0114  44.0 

.89    55 
.090  42. 1 

tMeaiiH 

.(157  37.5 

.0511 

,11112  44.5 

n.  .itllJ' 

211.034 

211. 

j38 

211.041 

29.041 

29.043 

29.042   i   211.047 

2n.038 

211.041        29.043 

29.047 

29.051 

211.054 

li..y 

141,. 

'•' 

h. 

lOli. 

171'       1      181..     '•■     19li- 

2(iii. 

2II1, 

2211,           2311, 

Ml.ln'l, 

M.Mnn,        :B.  :l-J>>, 

Inrli.      » 

liirli 

Inrl.       ■' 

llirt.  1     "       lii.'l.       »       It.rl.       " 

inrli  -    » 

lurh.     0 

Iiifli.     "      liii-li      '^ 

Iiirli       ' 

Ilirli. 

"         Ilirll 

l8t 

.51    23 

.51 

25 

.50    25 

.45    25       .45    20      .45     27 

.45     20 

.43     20 

.42    2-1     .40    23 

.40    23 

.485 

24.3     .4115 

2.1 

.33    20 

.33 

24 

.33    23 

.33    22      .33    23      .33    24 

.33    24 

.33    23 

.33    23     .33    22 

.33    21 

.335 

23.0  ■  .348 

3.1 

.411    2(1 

.411 

111 

.411    21 

.411    21      .411    :;ii     .411    on 

.411     111 

..50    17 

..5(1    17  '  .52    11 

.53    11 

.429 

18.9  ;  .454 

•4lh 

1.17    211 

1.18 

27 

1.21     27 

1.21    20    1.22    22    1.22    22 

1.23    22 

1.20    18 

1.20    15    1.211    11 

1,20     13 

1.000 

ln.3    1,1131 

5lh 

l.dil    2ii 

.1111 

15 

.117     13 

.114 

12      .114    12      .113     12 

.91     11 

.no,  14 

.nil    13     .nil    13 

.no    12 

1.023 

13.4   1.0113 

tlth 

.115    22 

.115 

22 

.115     22 

.90 

20 

.90    21   ,  .90    23 

.97    24 

.97 

22 

,110     20      .110     17 

.115     14 

.940      19.0  '   .1100 

7tli 

.80    22 

.78 

18 

.77    17 

.75 

10 

.76  :  10   :   .75       11 

.75     111 

.834     14.0  ,  .i.72 

8tU 

.85     111 

.85 

17 

.85     15 

.85 

'{'0 

.'l-5     i'4      .85     ill 

'.'>^-   i':'i 

.1111 

10 

.911,  14  1  .110    11 

.no   11 

.807     14.0     .11115 

'.nil 

.115     2(1 

.115 

20 

.115    20 

.94    211 

.114    2(1 

.94    19 

.92     111 

.85 

17 

.86    17      .87    l(i 

.87  :    14 

.925      10.(1     ,r|,-,n 

•inih 

.75    2(1 

.75 

25 

.70    24 

.75    20 

.74  (18) 

.73  (1(1) 

.72  (14) 

.70 

12 

.70    11      ...   1  ... 

1 

.753     17.4  .  .783 

•  nth 

.70    22 

.77 

21 

.711    25 

.79    13 

.79    10      .81    311 

.84    44 

.88 

49 

.88     51       .80    68 

.'so    57 

.774     23.3     .787 

12tli 

.115    42 

.>*1 

311 

.80    41 

.80    40 

.80    49  ■  .83    45 

.84 

48 

.nil 

40 

.9(1    44      .91    43 

.92    42 

.882    44.4     .^39 

Mill 

.Wl    38 

.110 

40 

.110    44 

.nil 

40 

.90    40 

.90    45 

.87 

40 

.86 

48 

.83  i  40      .79    52 

.79    49 

.888     42.1  .  .851 

•14th 

.57    41 

.TIm 

18 

.52    50 

.52 

50 

..52    61 

.50    65 

.50 

50 

..54 

58 

.54    57      .54    65 

..54    50 

.012     40.8     .504 

15th 

.43    411 

.43 

37 

.43    38 

.43 

39 

.43    48 

.42    47 

.43 

47 

.45 

58 

.45     tiO      .46    69 

.40    50 

.440  1  40.6  1  .3113 

Itlth 

.811    47 

.82 

02 

.87     07 

.80 

74 

.80    75 

.81     72 

.72 

Oil 

.05 

04 

.06    04      .02    02 

.02    57 

.057      58.0  i   .579 

17th 

.85     50 

.85 

57 

.85     50 

.86 

58 

.87    (1(1 

.87    04 

.80 

02 

.80 

03 

.80  1  03      .>2    02 

.82    03 

.708    55.7  1  .ono 

ISlh 

.80    47 

.80 

40 

.n3    47 

.80 

58 

.80    04 

.81)    68 

.86 

58 

.86 

58 

..86     58   '■   .86    60 

.85    51 

.800      53.3  1   .740 

null 

.75    00 

.75 

02 

.75    04 

.75 

05 

.75    (12 

.75    01 

.75 

57 

.75 

56 

.75     57   ■   .74    00 

.74    50 

.782     54.0  :  .714 

2mh 

...   I  ... 

.^'5 

47 

.80    50 

.87 

09 

.90    09 

.90    07 

.90 

00 

.90 

50 

.88    68   '   .80    57 

.85    54 

.821     55.5  :  .749 

21»t 

.511  '•  55 

.55 

54 

.55     05 

.55 

08 

.59    08 

.65    57 

.61 

55 

.40 

52 

.40    50   :   .37    50 

.28    48 

.033     58.4     .5,54 

22.1 

.14'  00 

.15 

58 

.10    54 

.17 

55 

.19    .57 

.28    08 

.311 

115 

.32 

55 

.32    53     .30    57 

.30    01 

.188      50.5      .115 

23.1 

.3)     (13 

.33 

.-.0 

.32    57 

.32 

01 

.3(1    74 

.30 

08 

.311 

03 

.323      50.7      .250 

24lh 

.2S    07 

.211 

03 

.30    02 

.31 

01 

.311    04 

.311 

03 

.311 

02 

.'30 

05 

.'27  '■  M    .'23   ti'li 

.'I'll    ('i'7 

.252     01.2  !   .107 

25th 

.211    Oil 

.2(1 

70 

.21    57 

.20 

54  ;  .25    Oli 

.30 

70 

.32 

03 

.33 

67 

.33    57  1  .33    57 

.33    50 

.230      110.2:   .163 

2llth 

.52    57 

.5(1 

07 

.511    07 

.53 

75  i  .64    70 

..57 

72 

.06 

70 

.05 

07 

.06  :  00  '  .00    05 

M    04 

.523     03.4  j  .431 

27tli 

.Mil    00 

.85 

58 

.85     511 

.8(1 

00   1   .87    OH 

.87 

05 

.87    04 

.95 

67 

.95  ,  60  ;  .80    .54 

.80    51 

.838     611.0      .768 

28tli 

.71     43 

.71 

54 

.71     03 

.71   05  :  .72  on 

.73 

72 

.73    07 

.73 

05 

.73    06  !  .74    54 

.74    65 

.774      57.1      .098 

2'.ith 

.74    03 

.75 

03 

.75     117 

.75    70  :  .75    70 

.75 

08 

.7i>    '     l>- 

.82 

55 

.82  1  50  1  ,82    57 

,82    56 

.737     02.2  1  .047 

•311th 

.110    01 

.110 

57 

.110    55 

.110    54  ;  .110    55 

1 

.no 

!'L 

.70 

58 
45.3 

162 

.90 
.095 

62 
43.9 

.90  1  64  i  .90    55 

.091  '43.4:. 081  42.7 

29.051    ;    29.044 

.90  i  53 

.880     52.8  1  .815 

M.'Slls 

.000  42.1 

.084 
21». 

42.4 

.088  43.4 
211.0411 

.1187  44.0 

.693  40.4  .097 

40.7 

.097 
29. 

.077  i41.2 

.080  !  41.0 

1!.  .-It  32' 

211.1154 

147 

29.044 

29. 

145 

29. 

049 

29. 

i64 

29. 

143 

29.045 

4 


;''' 


Ibi 


103 


UECOUn   AXD   DISCUSSION   OF   ATMOSPHERIC   PRESSURE. 


Hiiriii.Y  AiisrnArr  of  tiik  llKAnisas  iif  tiik  ll.\nnMr.TKii  and  Attai'tiko  Tmeiimumktkii  at  Van  Kknhsklaeh  IIaruor, 

III  ()itol)cr,  lsri4,  ill  I,al.  78°  ;!7',  I.iin(t.  7(1°  5.T  W.  of  (Iri'diwich. 

Mercurial  Biironictcr  in  caliin.     2!)  iiiclips  +.     RcadingA  in  English  inches  and  (lr)rrpei*  nf  Fahrenhoil, 


D.r. 


•il 
:i.i 

4lh 
.'.111 
>:ili 
7th 
Mh 
I'lh 

iMth 

11th 
I'Jth 
lath 
Hth 
l.'.th 
lillh 
17th 
IXth 
Itith 
'.luth 
21  »t 

2:1.1 

24th 
2.'>th 
2i:tli 
27th 
2hth 
2!lth 
lldth 
■Mst 

McnnH 


Ih. 


Ilirli 
.nil 
.'.Kt 

I. III! 
.  Il.'i 

LI.') 

.Sli 
..Ml 
.20 
.:iii 


.1." 

.IKl 

.>4 
.112 
.1)11 
.74 
.74 


i;4 

',s 
47 
4.'i 
4'.i 
43 


2li. 

Inrli  '    ° 

.till  .'lO 

.Xi  47 

l.iHi  44 

.:ir.  4H 

i.i.'i  4>; 

,  .s:i  lii 

..111  .',!) 

.20  lill 

.:iii  ;>» 

.:<»  4s 

.711  4:1 

.2:1  4.'f 

.I'.'i  41 


j       3I1. 

Inch  ° 

.nil  4!i 

.1)2  4il 

l.mi  44 


4li.      I       60. 


.li.'i 
l.l.'i 
.7!' 
..Ml 
.211 
.:12 

..'iH 
.711 
.2:1 

.1:1 
.111 


.Mi     4'.l 
.8'.l    Sll 


.74    4s 

...     C.MI) 


I. ml  4<l 

1.II.-1  4s 

1.2(1  41I 

1.1  111  4K 

.'J.'i  4ii 

.M  4li 

l.\'i  42 


I.IKI  4.'i 

l.li.'i  4s 

1.211  4.'. 

l.li.'i  4>i 

.'.14  4'i 

.S.'i 


l.li.'i 

1.17 
l.ii.-i 


44 


1.12    41    1.1.' 


4H 
.'ill 
.'iH 
.'I'.l 
.'iH 

ris 

41 
4.'i 
4(1 
47 

41  i 

4M 
4,'> 
fill 
47 
4« 
4.'i 

41  i 
47 
4.'i 
4.'i 
44 
4:1 
.'.1 
4.'i 


Iiirl) 
.11(1 
.!I2 

I.IHI 

.n.'i 
l.l.'i 
.7(1 
..'1(1 
.in 
.:i;t 
..'18 
.711 

•-•' 
.ii:t 

.IS 

.14 

.87 
..'.4 
■  Ml 
.ll'.l 
..'il' 
.7S) 
1.(12 
.ii.'i 
l.li.'i 
1.17 

:      .'.10 

.K.'l 
.'.17 

1.12 


liicli.l    » 
.SKI  I  4X 

.'.12 ;  4.'i 

1.(1(1  j  .'i4 
.'.i,'i    4(1 

l.l.'i  i4!l 
.7:1 !  .'18 
.5(1 1  fi.'i 
.1.1  .'i7 
.M 
.lid 
.ilfi 

.2a 
.(la 


48 

4i; 
4a 
47 

411 

58 
.'iii 

r,.l 
5|l 

4- 

4i! 
44 

an 
45 
44 

48 

47 

4il 

48 
4ii 
5ll 
4(1 

.'HI 

47 
44 

4.'i 
48 
411      .V'.l 

4a  .85 
48  .n8 
44    1.1" 


.2(1 
.11(1 
.87 
..'id 
.s2 
.117 
.57 
.84 
l.liii 
.111! 
1.(15 
l.l.'i 
1.115 


8^ 

lurli 
.'.Id 
.'.12 

i.iia 
.'.15 

1.15 
.7d 
.,'i» 
.15 

.a5 
.(ill 

.115 

.2a 
.iia 
.1(1 

.25 
.'.Id 
.87 
..'id 

.8a 

.l<5 
.57 
.84 

1.(15 
.'.Hi 

1.115 

1.14 

1.(15 

.nil 

.85 

ii.im 


Th 

0 

Inrll  j 

,'l(l 

.nil 

44 

.n2 ' 

5ll 

1.11a 

45 

.115 

4n 

r.i! 

1.15 

illV 

81.. 


Oh. 


.511 
.17 

.a5 

.114 

.tiri 

.21 
.02 
.15 

.ad 
.112 

.87 


.112 
.58 

.Ha 

1.115 

.n7 
1.115 
1.12 
1.115 


.nil 

1.118 


55 

45 

■41 
.54 

58  I 
1,5   I 

^^i 
45 
411  i 

4a  I 

48  i 

5n 

51   I 
511  I 

5'' 

an  I 

47 

44 

a7 
4a 
4a 

4(1 
42 
45 

a4 


iiifti 

I    .'''!>  ! 
'  .112  i 

i.iia' 
.115 

1.15 
.114' 
..'HI 
.15 

.a5 


Inrll. 
.115 

.na 

I.IKI 
l.lld 
1.15 

.iia 
.44 

.15 


.(12 
.15 

.ai 
.n5 

.87 
.5(1 
.81 

.(12 
.lid 

.84 
1.(15 

.117 

1.(15 
1.12 

1.115 
.114 

.85 

.'.in 
1.117 


5^ 
4H 

.a? 
.115 

4n 

.115 

57 

.1.1 

an 

.1(1 

4n 

.15 

112 

.a5 

52 

.n7 

.811 
.48 
.811 

.11(1 
.1111 
.h4 
1.(14 
.117 
1.(15 
1.11 
1.115 
.115 
.84 

.'.in 
l.d4 


lOh. 


Ub 


Inrh 
.»(> 

.na 

1.0(1 
l.dd 
1.15 
.lid 
.44 
.15 
.411 
.115 
.115 

M 
.14 
.41 

.117 

.85 

j  .4« 

.8(1 

.511 

I   .(15 

'   .84 

1.05 

.n7 
1.04 
1.11 

1.05 
.114 
.h5 

i.oa 
i.oa 


I  liirh, 

j  .n5 

.112 

i.iia 

I.IHI 

1.14 

.58 

.42 
.15 
1  .-i-i 
.115 
.54 
.2(1 
.15 

.la 

.511 
l.Od 
.n4 
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.80 
.57 
.11(1 
.84 
1.05 
.117 
l.ol 
i.ia 

1.05 

.iia 
.8a 
1.07 
I.oa 


!  Inrll. 

'   M 
1.02 

1.00 

I. II 

i:ai 

.15 

.4a 

.115 
.5a 
.211 
.111 

:•;" 

..54 

I.IHI 

.»4 

.4H 

.82 

'  .57 
'  .114 
.hil 
1.04 
I. (Ill 
l.ol 
1.14 
1.115 

.na 
.ha 

1.0(1 
I.IKI 


13l>. 


Inch      " 

.na  54 


.na; 
1.02 


Iia 
iia 
iia 
5a 

5li 

5a 

58 

5a 
611 
112 

52 
54 

5n 

51 

■i'l 

511 

4n 


l.lKli  Sfi 
1.10;  5g 
..541  (iH 
.38  I  l!5 
.15  5ll 
.45  :  64 
.lis 
.4'« 


63 
65 
.20  :  64 
.17    62 


.on  68 

.65  !  (15 

l.(Hi  59 

.110  66 

.4"  57 

.84  M 

.55  ,  63 

.iia  60 

.811  4ft 

1.(14  4fl 

1.00  52 

1.07  50 

1.12  51 

1.05  .50 

.no  44 

.84  4ii 


l.oil 

I.INI 


43 


a7   1:1.0.7311  48.1  .7aii  47.2  ."an  411.(1.739  4ii.l  .737  47.ii  .737  51.3  .740  53.ii  .742  62.(1.743  62.2.741  52.7.742  63.1 


1).  nt32'     211.1I8O       2;i.il83       211.1184       2n.08i)   ,   2».ii88   i   29.603       2n.H8il 


D.y. 


I8t 

•2.1 
:k1 
4ili 
5ili 
i.ili 
7tli 

Mil 

tlth 
loth 
llth 
12th 

laiii 
14lli 
15th 
lilth 
Kill 
iMh 
Inth 
20th 
21.»t 
•22.1 
23.1 
24th 
25lh 
2llth 


Uh. 


15h. 


mil 


Inrll. I 

1.1.0 
1.1.(1 
1,111 


.15 
.4(1 
.(iH 
.44 
.15 
.17 


0 

Incli.! 

55 

.113 

48 

.n5 

.'.0 

.nil 

1.011 
1  111 


.nil    5ti 


.111 
.13 
.20 
.(Hi 
.(15 
1.(10 
.81 


..'•4 
.53 
.(.3 
.81) 
1.04 

l.ol 
1.07 


411 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
53 
58 


.53 

.117 

.811 

1.05 

1.03 

1.11 


hicli 
.'.13  ' 

.n5 
.nil 

l.'iO 

1.011 
.54 
..34 
.20 

.51 
..ill 
.40 
.13 
.20 

.Oil 

.nil 

1.01 

.8(1 
.54 
.82 
5"' 
.(18 

l!ii5 
1.1.3 
1.12 


171,. 
Inrh 

.n3  ;, 

.115  .' 

.nil  .' 

;i.ii-  .' 

Il.on  ( 

j   .54  I 

1   .33  ( 


18li- 


lltli- 


aib. 


Inrh.' 
.113 

.nn 


"    i Inrh  ! 
.53  I  .113 

5n  1.02: 


.11:1   111 


1.08 

l.llll 

.54 
.30 
.23 


l.lll 
1.04 

.53 
.31 
.27 
.57 


111 

114 
112 
llli 
(17 
(13 
5!) 


Inrh 

.n3 
1.04 

.IIH 

1.15 

1.00 
.53 


0 

lurh  ! 

5li 

.no ' 

no 

1.04 

511 

.118 

(14 

1.15 

511 

.nn 

118 

.52  , 

.40 

.13 


52  .05 

5U  I   .70 

50  l.llll 

43  i   .Wl 


.lid 
.80 


.(18 


.40 
.12 


.38 :  (id 

.12  1  611 


.27 

.58 


.35 
.10 


114 


2Il.ii77 


21  h. 


74       •2n.ii7n       211.(180   I   2!).(i77   i   2ll.ii77 


'22''. 


1.00 


.112 

.80 


.12    47    1.10    45    l.llll 
27lh       1.05     4n     1.05  :  48    l."5 


52  1.10    55 

2    51  1.02    47 

47  .8(i    47 

48  .84    45 
aotli      1.07    41    1.08    42    1.08    45    1.08    411    I. Id    48  I. IT  44 


44 


.88    43      .H8 


.84    44      .84    4ii 


.84 


5:1 

l.ilO 

60 

1.05 

50 

I.IKI 

<l'i 

1.02 

47 

1.1(1 

5(i 

1.17 

4n 

1.10 

511 

1.10 

50 

1.(14 

52 

1.02 

47 

.88 

47 

.88 

4li 

.84 

41! 

.84 

.211 
.05 
.77 

I.IKI 

.75 
.(i5 
.82 

!74 
.n8 

1.05 
1.04 


(12 
5'J 
(11 
58 
58 
54 
5(1 
57 
511 
53 
511 
lid 
1.211     114 


31st        l.llll    5d     1.00 


1.00    4n     1.00    40    l.IKi    42    l.Od.  43 


M.siiiK    .741  51.9.7411,50.4.747  150.8.755  53.2.7(13  65.8.7(18  6(i.! 


U.  ata2' 


2n.n7n 


2n.n82     2u.(iH« 


2n.u8n 


;n.ii9i     2n.iin4 


.31 

no 

.32 

.115     lill 

.114 

.  1 1 

112 

.79 

I.IKI 

54 

1.00  1 

.73 

5li 

.IW  i 

.115 

52 

.117 

.HO 

52 

.711 

.55 

57 

.55 

.74 

52 

.75  ' 

.118 

54 

.nn 

1.04 

51 

1.03 

1.04 

511 

1.05 

1.20 

113 

1.20 

l.llll 

54 

1.10 

1.112 

4ii 

1.02 

.811 

4il 

.8(1 

.84 

45 

.85 

1.11 

41 

1.11 

l.dll 

42 

l.(Kl! 

.7nn 

55.4 

.7114  i 

211. 

1114 

29.0 

111 


Inrh 

0 

Inrh 

.93 

6l! 

.93 

1.04 

5(1 

1.04 

.IH 
1.15 
.115 

511 
(12 

l!l4 

.115  ' 

.52 

(13 

.51  ! 

.28 

(14 

•  -7  ■ 

.27 

i;3 

.27 

..'.- 

411 

.59 

.75 

411 

.75  ; 

.33 

113 

.33 

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.5(1 

.10 

.30 

55 

.30 

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59 

.(Kl 

.80 

59 

.83  1 

'   .99 

52 

.98 

1  .117 

51 

.114: 

-   .(!8 

53 

.70 

.78 

63 

.75 

'   .56 

65 

.55 

.93 
1.04 

.97 
1.14 

.9(1 

.51 


.99 

1.02 

1.05 

ill 


5li  911 

51  I.IKI 

5  J  1.115 

5li  1.21 


47 


.74 
.31 
.08 
.30 
.(HI 
.83 
.9li 
.113 
.72 

.7n 

!77 

.99 

I.IKI 

l.llll 

1.21 


Inrh. 
.92(1 
.9511 
.999 
1.(125 
1.087 

.nil 

.392 
.1117 
.447 
.11711 
.515 
.171 
.1111 

.|(KI 
.4113 

.n58 

.813 
.5112 
.8111 

.5nn 
.11511 

.882 
1.1133 
1.002 
l.llll 


53.7 
50.3 
53.2 
54.5 
57.0 
n2.7 
(12.2 
(il.3 
54.7 

4n.o 

51.1 
49.  Il 
49.2 
.54.1 
57. n 
52.8 
60.5 
49.11 
51.8 
51.2 
48.3 
50.1 
51.3 
50.3 
51.0 


Inrh 

.853 

I    .'.HKI 

.932 
1  .'J55 
il.oll 
I  .619 
'   .303 

;  .;io 

■  .:'78 

i  .mil 
t  .455 

!  .115 

I  .107 
.1134 

.417 

.893 
.755 
.505 
.7311 
.53n 
.697 
.825 
.973 
.943 
1.041 


5li     1 

5li     l.lll    53     l.lll     50     1.10    50     1.124      48.5  11.1170 

4n    1.02    45    1,02    48    1.02    48     1.042  .  47.8     .991 


411       .85     4li 
.H5     45 


46 
44      .811    49 


.911      44.(1 


43     l.U     43     1.11     43     1.11     43     1.045,45.4 
39     1.00,41     1.0(1    47     I.IKI    4(1      1.(140  '  39.3 


63.(l[.7nii53.(i.759  53.2.757  62.3    .747  !  61.5 


098 


•29.095 


29.093       29.094 


29.080 


l.oll 


M 

!  62 
M 
Mi 
68 

i;.') 

M 
S4 

b;i 

.'iS 

(4 

Si 
SH 
115 
55 
55 
57 
.    50 

5;) 

1     511 

;  411 

I    40 

1  tl-i 

'    50 

;  51 

■|  5l> 
I  44 
I    4li 

;  4:1 
>  44 


B.  S*>. 

Inrh. 

;   .h5:l 

.'.MM  I 

.lt:W 


.;io 

.:'^7S| 

.4.'.5 
.115 
.107 
.o;i4 
.417 
.suit 

.755 
.505 

.7:1'." 
.5;tii 

.5!17 
.H25 
.97:1 

.»4:t 
1.041 
1.1170 
.ii'.ii 
.mlH 
.xol 

I.OIMI 
1.011 


KKCOlin   AND   DISCUSSION  OF  ATM  OS  P  II  EIII  C   I'UESSUUE. 


103 


IIoiiui.Y  AnsTii.\( T  111-  TiiK  Ui:.\iiiNim  ok  tiik  IIakomktkii  and  ArrAriiEii  Tiikhmomktkii  at  Van  llKNusKi.Ar.ii  llAiiiitui, 

111  XovenilHT,  lHr)4,  in  Liit.  78°  ;JT,  Look.  70'^  53'  W.  of  areeiiwiili. 

McrcMiriiil  liiiroinctvr  in  i!al)iii.     ii9  inclics  -f-.     KciidiiiRH  in  Kii^^liish  iiiclica  and  degrees  of  Fulirenlieit. 


U4tli 
2fitli 
2)ltli 
27tli 
28tli 
29lh 

auth 


(10 

.5:t 

58 

.52 

58 

.i;8 

5H 

.70 

511 

.(10 

(■2 

.1)2 

lili 

.8!) 

ii:i 

.89 

54 

.7f< 

54 

.112 

6H 

.58 

05 

.51 

M 

.20 

5!) 

.«r> 

.0:1 

.17 
.77    60 


.!!»    54 


MoRiiii  !.84:i  55.11.848  55.4 
U.  Ill  :12      2ii.772   '    2;i.77 


1.0(1 


(ili 

.112 

5il 

.112 

(id 

.'.(2 

51) 

.!tl 

68 

.51 

68 

.51  1 

111 

.2ii 

67 

.HO  ■ 

riii 

.88 

54 

.87 

.50 

1.00 

55 

I.IMI 

511  I  .110    (10 
58     .4;l    57 


.1(1 


.1111  (>1 
.no   55 


.;t5  511 

.111     5>1 


i4  ll.OO    58    l.(MI    58 


,8.57  511.8!. 878  6ii.;i!.H80  6(1.;)'. 8711  5fi.8|.873  66.0I. 


211.; 


;ii.S(i4 


;:i.80il       29.801    I   20.802 


1.45 

54 

1.45    51 

.85 

61 

.82    40 

.62 

5l! 

.55     51! 

.72 

67 

.72    55 

.118 

(10 

.70     58 

.1)0 

50 

.00     50 

.111 

5:1 

.01     52 

.3.5 

511 

.M3  1  57 

.Ml! 

5li 

.40    54 

.0:! 

5(1 

.03    54 

1.00 

55 

.08  ;  .54 

.8ii;i 

Slt.li 

.8114  52.4 

20. 

■00 

20.801 

.1141 


;0.704 


.50 

.80 

5.i 

.23 

51 

.4<1 

55 

.04 

52 

l.lMl 

51.3 

.853 

.8sl     52.5 


62  !   .(101 

40  :  .100 


7111 

718 
•>3.0  ■  .534 
•i2.6     .131) 
.753     50.0     .llOll 


W  I    .071 


.008 


51.0 


m 


104 


UECOUn   AND   DISCUSSION   OK   ATMOSPIIEUIC   I'UES.SUIIE. 


Ilol  lll.V  AllSTllAl  T  liF  TllK  liKAlllMlH  OK  TIIK  HaUhMK.TK.II  ANI>  AtTACHKI"  TllKllMliMKTKIl  AT  VaN   Ur.N».sr.I.AKll  ll.t 

III  Difcnilior,  IS.">I,  ill  I,iil.  78"  ;n',  Ii<>ii)f.  "0"  fi;i'  \V.  of  Oiwnwicli. 


V,f. 


■M 
■Mi 

.Mil 

<:th 
7th 
-111 

IMll 

"Inili 
lllh 
l::ili 
l:iih 
mil 
I. Ml. 
I'llli 
ITth 
l-ih 
hull 

»2iilli 
^IkI 

2:1.1 
■Mlh 
i'.lh 
•Mh 
27th 
2-ih 
■J'.iil. 
amh 


Mcri'iiriitl  riuroiiit'tcr  in  ciiliiii 


Ih. 


!<.l  iiu'lii's  +.     I(('a<liii);s  ill  ICiifflisli  ini'lii'H  iiiitl  iIi');i'(ts  iif  Kiiliroiiliclt. 


Sh. 


lu.'l. 

.71 


■ix 
X< 
44 
44 

■Jt 


.S4 
.71 
I.I'd 
.4,'. ' 
..kii 
.7:1 
.21 
.7*1  ■ 


l.i'J 

.i.;t 

.41 


42 
4il 
4>i 
4r. 
44 
4i 

4.'. 
4-- 
4.', 

4li 

46 

1:1 


.v;i 
.71 
1.112 
.4.'. 

.Ml 

.7:1 
.2:1 
.7ti 


f.l 
4;i 
4" 
4.'> 
44 
44 
4S 
4.'i 

4.-. 
42 
:ill 
.''ill 
44 
Ull 


.I'll 

.7ii 
.711 

I.I'M 

l.l.^ 

.411 


.21 

.7ii 

.Ml 

l.l'l. 

1...2 


^^ 
44 
44 

2l! 

:ii; 

42 

4.'. 
411 
44 
4- 
,'.(1 
f.4 
.'." 
4:1 
4,'> 
4.1 
44 
41 
4:1 
4.'. 


.4.'. 
.4; 
.711 

.71) 

7s 

llii:! 

.4.1 

.»!> 

.711 
.:iii 


.Ml 

1.02 

.411 

M< 

1.(17 

.(•7 


:i'.l 

:(4 

42 
42 
'") 
;iii 

41 

44 
4:1 
44 
4s 


4N 

4il 
.17 
44 

411 
41 

4.; 
4:1 
:il 
:i',i 
4(1 
:!■< 
;i7 

61 

4:1 


Inrl.,' 
,   .11(1 

!   •"" 

.I'.H 

.Mi 

1.12 

I. Ill 

.4(1 


.41 

.4:1 
.4:1 


«h. 


0 

lUi'l. 

:i7 

.!l| 

;ti 

:i4 

.7(1 

:i:i 

40 

.lis 

:i!i 

:tit 

.hll 

H.'i 

J.'i 

1.12 

24 

4:1 

l."7 

44 

•1:1 

.4.. 

4s 

4.'i 

4(( 

4:1 

... 
.49 

42 

4'.i 

.41 

f.ii 

r.:i 

.:i'.i 

.''7  1 

.Ml 
l.(KI 

.44 

.Ml 
.lih 


.^(| 

.117 

l.(i2 
.s:t 
.47 
.Mi 

1.('7 
.112 


.7(1 
.Ml 
.im 
.44 
.S.II 
.(i:t 
.41 


.!■:( 
.1'.'. 

1.(12 
,MI 
.52 
M 

l.d.'i 
.lilt 


7h. 

Infl. J    ° 

.tid  I  ;i:i 
.70  a7 

.i:n  I  4.S 

.Ml     4:1 
1.11      4.1 

1.115  4.'. 
.41  ,'.1 
.711  f.ll 
.7.'.    42 

•.114!  4S 
.411 .  ih 
.411,  M 
.It.'i  1  6» 
.71  Ii4 
."d ,  .'.II 
.Ml  145 

'  .117  I  5:1 
.45    57 

'  .H2  4K 
.57  :  4s 

I  .47  ,  52 
.7s  55 
.S2    42 

.s5 ,  :i2 
.uii  ;t5  ' 

1.02  J4 

.711  6(1 

.6ii  4H 

.57  65 

1.(1:1  4s 

l.dd  51 


8b. 


Jh. 


101.. 


nil. 


Inr 

.SHI 
'    .1111 

.7" 

.Sll 

1.12 
l.d2 
.41 
.711 
.72 
•.li« 
.511 
.311 
.115 
.75 
.(17 
.b(i 
.<.•<• 
.47 
.0:1 
.06 
.47 
.M 

.Ml 

.t>5 
.115 


.67 

.M 

1.115 

l.dl 


Inrh  ! 
.1111 
.77 
."d 

.Hll 

1.14 

.IHI 

I  .41 


•.117 
.52 
.,10  1 
.35 

.7M 


Mi'nns    .7211  4il.(i  .724  44.; 
B.«t32°i    211.1174       2Ii.i;sl 


715  4:1.5  .7111  42.S.717  42.4.717  42.(1. 

211.(175 


47.4.715 


.(15  I  64 
,81  '  5(1 
.Ui!  i  4s 
.48  :  51 
.85  I  57 
.5(1 1  58 
.6(1  i  (15 


<  Inrl. 
.117 
.Sll 

;   .711 

'  .Ml 
1.15 
.!l() 
.40 
.77 
.115 

•.IW 

.6:1 
.:)5 
.117 

.Ml 
.(12 
.Hi 


ll..'l. 
.85 
.82 
.7(1 

.SH 
l.lll 
.88 
.4(1 
.s2 
.lid 
•.Oil 
.64 
.115  . 
.4(1' 


.4(1    64 


:.4 

.5s 

51. 

.-1 

411 

.115 

52 

.57 

67 

.85 

N.K.O. 


.H,-.  4:1 

.84  4:1 

.7(1  51 

.HH  .',d 

1.15  .'.d 

.Ml  ,".11 

.:i'i  4-. 

.s:i  55 


l.lll. 


.s..  I 

.Hll; 

.85  I 

.115  1 

1.(12! 

.7:1 

.611 

.68' 

1.(15 

1.11:1 


.5.' 

.85 

.811 

.87 

.1*2 

1.11:1 

.7i> 

.611 

.til 

l.i.ll 

1.(15 


.41 
.67 

.88 
.8(1 
.87 
.112 

1.(15 
.(15 
.611 
.05  , 

l.dl 

I. II 


5h 

.8.1 

61 

.a.; 

(111 

.5s 

57 

.H5 

4d 

.8(1 

42 

.8s 

57 

.112 

41 

l.d7 

1.14 


48 
57 
40 
,".(1 
5  s 
5(1 
411 
6(1 
51 
57 
111 
62 
611 
67 
4(1 
41 
611 
41 
44 
54 
67 
67 
11:1 


Inrl. 
.711 

.s7 
.71 
.11(1 
1.12 
.76 

.:iii 

.86 
.511 

.dl 

.  Tt  U 
.4(1 
.47 

.8:1 
.51 

.85 


.H2 

.511 

.H6 

.SH 

.111 

.112 

1.(15 

.111 

.68 

.U5 

l.dd 

l.l'l 


2n.«79   j   21i.(ls(>       211.(!MI       21l.(l(i7   1    211.(155 


4.722  5;).4. 725  52  3.725  50.8.722  51.11.724  52.1 
2ll.(i5(i   I    2U,iiil2      21i.i>(l(l       2li,(!(J2   [    2'J.Wi 


21 '1 

Inrl.  I  " 
.7(1 1  62 
40 
.84  .  52 
.l)(i  i  411 
.21  '  4!) 


221> 

lurhJ      ' 

.70  ... 

.78  45 

.84  4(1 

.1)0  45 

1.21  45 

.48  41 


112    40  .112  411 

17    47  .12  48 

22    52  I  .25  411 

(14  1  47  I  .04  411 

0  I  411  i  .411  5(1 

04  I  .54  60 


6(1  :  .011    51 


41 


60  I  .18  I  63 


.75 

48  1  .84 
...    I  .8(1 

1411  1.10 
50      .87 

I  45    l.dd 

j  5d  ;  .45 

55  I  .65 
I  65  j  .95 
I  01  '  .811 
i  05    1.42 


231" 


nrl. 

ln<l. 

.70 

42 

.71 

.75 

.511 

.75 

.84 

4s 

.85 

.1)0 

42 

.1)7 

.211 

42 

1.11) 

.44    52  i  .45 


.112 .  50  ,  .02    51 


.09 


.04   45 


.88  .  6(1  I   .80    411 
.911 '  02    1.00    .50 


50      .80    48 


1.12 


05    1.45 


40 


42 
65 

48 
03 
1.45    59 


.18 

60 

.20 

75 

48 

.70 

80 

40 

.87 

hll 

44 

.8(1 

12 

40 

l.d7 

lid 

5(1 

1.115 

(Id 

43 

1  Cd 

45 

42 

.41 

54 

55 

.55  ! 

1)4 

50 

.115 

h2 

02 

.81 

lurli 
.829 
.7s!t 
.750 
.900 
1.1:14 
.S15 
.425 
.7119 
.512 
.074 
.532 
.440 
.4s7 


4:1.7 
44.4 

5(1.2 
47.4 
42.  h 
47.1 
47.1' 
511.3 
47.9 
52.0 
48.1 
.'.o.:t 


.810  54.(1 
.052  52.3 
.858      6(1.11 


B.  .U». 

lurh 
.789 
.740 
.09s 
.855 
1.090 
.705 
.374 
.741 
.400 
.dl2 
.4hO 
.3s8 
.415 
.749 


01.4.740  49.0.746  48^.752  47.0 

1~5        211.11:111        211.092        29.7113 


AMUUH, 

4 

>:o„    1 

1  lie  If 

.7H 
.-7 
71 

411 
4:1 

.nil 
'.li 

47 
.'i4 

.9 

i37 

.Vi  1  till 

l.OD    44 

.Ul  i  in 

M  t  SS 

Ml    !'V 

l.lKl    TmI 

i.ii;  (i4 

.7.14  .Vil 

1   W.Wi 

».  1U». 

„ 

lurh 

H.7 

.7W 

4.4  '  .74111 

K.'i  .    .{>'.<'•] 

7.4 

7.11 

.1(74 

o.;l 

.741 

7.'.! 

.4iiO 

a.o 

.iiii 

K.l 

.4i-(l 

(i.:t 

.3Hrt 

ri.7 

.41  r. 

4." 

.7411 

■z.;\ 

.fiMI 

(I.I) 

.t-01 

l.:i 

.S4:! 

'.1.4 

.r..'>7 

.'1.4 

.7.'ps 

i!.;i 

.341 

.:t.li 

.4SS 

,7.3 

.7711 

l.r. 

.iidii 

l.a 

.ssa 

.'1.1 

.',I7H 

.h.7 

.(UNI 

ill 

.4K(1 

r,.7 

.62:1 

ii.ri 

.sxr. 

lO..') 

i.07r. 

I!  Kcoi;  I)  A  N  i>  i»isr  r 


;|(>N  UK  A  T. MO, SI- II  !■:  I!  ir  I'l; 


;  V  1;  I-: 


10,- 


Mill  IIH    .\|1MI1\(  1    cK    I  UK   lU.MUMi 


nil;   llMliiMKIKll  .\M'  .\irAi  111:11  'rilKllMiiMKlKU  M    Van   lU.X.S>K,I.AKIt  II.\lllllill, 


III  >liiiiiiiii'v,  Is.'i.'i,  In  |,iii.  7m  ' 


l.< 


;ii- 


i:t'  \V.  (if  (Irrnitticli. 


.Mfniiriiil  ItiiiMiiirli'r  in  ciililii.     i'.i  iiiclii'S  +,     Iieiiiliiijfs  in  10iii{ti>li  iiirlic.-i  iiiiil  lic^nt'S  mI'  l''iiliiTiiliril, 


41,. 


1)1. 


KM' 


nil. 


Nl       l.4.-i 
•J.i        I.  Ill 


Inrli  I 


liirli. 


Ih 


In 


,  I 


l.4.'ilri:i    1.4.1  ;.'il   !l.4ri    .'ill    1.4.'i    411    1.4.'.    4li    l.l.-i    4"    l.4.''i    .'.7    l.4."i    nil    l.l.-i 


Inrli 


13)1 


llirli 


1. 1.!    41    I. Ill    Mil    l.ll!' ;ili    1.1:1    411    l.l.-i    4:j    Mil    'i:i    I. 


i.J.'i    41I    i..:4    4:1 


1.44    ... 


l.l.-i 


I.II 


.4.-.    illi    l.4.'i    liH    l.4ri    lii 


411   i.-Ji  I  ;;•>   i.:ii   :iii   i.m  4'.;  i.ii)  4.'i   i.M  47   i.i.'i   411   i.i.'i 


1.1:1   .'ill   i.i.'i 

l.l.-i    .•.-    1.14 


.'.»    I.i.'i 


11,(111 

1.1:11 


.1111 
i.:t:i 
1.117 
-.(I'j 

l.7,'i 

l.,'.s 
l.:i:l 


.1>I 

4.'i     .sii 

4:1 

.74 

411     .77 

:ui  1 

...    1,(1,'. 
...     l.4,-i 

%' 

1.4:1 

4i:    1.4(1 

... 

•'•' 

.'.11     ."■* 
.*.ii 

4.1 

1,1111 

.1"* 

... 

.Ml  I  4-J 

.71'  I  ;i.s 
.ii.'i  1  ii.'i 
:iii 


41 


.1.1 
.■111 


l.:ij 


I.II 

.1:1 


.Sll 

l.'il 
l.:iii 
I. Ill) 
J.ii- 
1.711 

!..•..•. 
l.:l 


1.44 

i.;i- 


I.i-J 


I  .811 
I  .1.1 

\'m 
1.71' 

i.iiii 
I..'. -J 
l.ii 


I. Ill) 
1.44 

I.:i4 


4J 


l.iil 
I. Ill 

.111 


41  li 
.'nil 
l.lli 
7ili 
Sill 
mil 

llMll 

mil 
I'Jih 
l:iih 
Utii 

l.Mli 
Mill 
ITlli 

l:itli 
•lliuli 

•::;;.i 

•i:;,! 

•Jllll 

■j;,iii 

•Ji-.lh 

::7iii 

•.'Mil 

mull 
until 

3liit 


MniiH    1.173 4i).4  l.lili;44.s  l.l.'i.) 4:1.4  l.l,'iri'4J.i«  l.l.'.i 4i4  I 

ii.ot:!-.:     ;ii'.i-.!5     iin.i^i     im.iii)     nn.in     ii^ui.'; 
♦         1111.  Inl      iiii.niiii      :i(i.iiii.'i      :i(i.(iii:i      :iii.ii!ii 


.h.-i    4:; 


ill 


711    37     .Ml    :)7  I  ,s:t  >  :w  \  ,hi1    44  !  ,1'H 


1.17 
l.l.-i 

l.:ll 
.74 
.M) 
l.iiil 
I. mi 
.i;ii 


41     .sii   -i:! 


I. Ill 

I.I.'. 

1.-J7 
.74 

.Ml 
l.ll^ 

1,111*1 


.l,IU 

1.311 


1.2; 

1.41) 

i.ji; 


47 


l.'J 

l..'.:i 

1.1- 


in 
'  .',11 


4-J  ,  .7(1    41 


l.ii'. 

l.iiill 
..'.4  1 


.111 
1.17 
1.37 


I. Ill 


1.1- 


1.1*    4>    I.I*    511 


I. nil 
1. 114 
.111 


I  M  ' 
1  .03  t 
l.l.'i 
I  4ii 
I.M 
\.:'- 
l.i;.; 
I..'i;: 

I.IH 


l.:iii 
1..-.4 

I.M 
7il 
\  .Kill 
I. Ill, 

I   .(111 


1   -'"l 
.M 

I  .1)4' 

1.14 

1.411 

l.s-J 

l.im 

l.i;i; 

I.M 
1.17 


.I'll 
l.:ii 
I. .'.4 
I.U 

.7.'i 

.so 
l.l-J' 

.iiii ; 

I  .113 
I   .!l3 

,Sli  ' 

I  ,11.'' 
1.11 

1.411 
I.M 

I. Ill 
l.il'i 
].:■>< 
1.17 


.!i:l 
1.43 
I. .'.4 
1.12 

.74 
'  .'■I' 
l.l:i 

•  I'l 


1. 1.-. 
1.4" 


l.i'l 


1..-.1 
1.17 


1.43    .',.•, 

1..'.4    ... 

l.i'li    ... 

.74    4* 

41' 


1.14 


I.M 


.'i.'i42.1)  l.l.'>3  4.'i..'i  1  IM4'<.lil  Ml  ■li>.><  l.l.'i7  4!i.t)l  l.'i7  4l).l)  1 1'W  .'i().4  1  lii4  .• 


3(1.117 

:iii.i'i':i 


:i(i.  Ill- 
:ii'.ii*4 


Hii.Iii:! 
:)ii.ii7;i 


i»x. 


141.. 


IBii- 


I  till 


171. 


LSI.. 


l.irh  '    " 

lurh 

" 

liirli. 

hull 

Nt 

1.4.'i     113 

1.41 

ii;i 

l.:i.s 

Ill 

l.;i.-. 

•M 

I.M    111 

l.lll 

till 

l.-Jll 

111 

i.i;ii 

M 

l.lii    .'.7 

I.I. 11 

.'.11 

1.11? 

111 

l.in; 

41  h 

.7.'.    liii 

.7.*' 

111 

.75 

111! 

.74 

.'iili 

.li.'i    liii 

.1..*! 

i:l 

.si! 

Ii« 

.1'.* 

lull. 

ill,..,  I 


i;tli  1.44    57 

7lli  1.54    ... 

Mil  1.115  ,  ... 

lull  .7li    4'J 

lntli  .Ml    .'.II 

mil    I.M 

ijiii 

iiitii 

14tli 
15ih 
liltli 


.1111    43 


•ilil      il.52 
».!4th     ll.lil 

i'ltl.     I  ... 

MU     I    ... 

27  111 

2m  h 

2111  li 

until 
31iit 


1.115 


1.4i;    5il    1.411    57    1.47    5s    l.5ii 

1.5:1 


1.6:1 
I. tin 


i.r.3 


1.5:1 


.11) 


.811    52      .Ml    51 


I.IM 


l.lll 


.Kii ,  42     .82    44 


1.20 


711    4 


',11 

1.2'< 

111 

1.22 

14 

1.115 

'ih 

.75 

'i.s 

1.115 

1.45 

'"5 

.Ml' 

.Ml 

■il        ..Ml 

4.: 

20I1. 


lurh.; 
1.25 


1.21 

1.1.4 

.75 

1.12 


21>i. 

Inrli, 

1.211  .',: 

1.24  5 

1.114  11 

.75  4 

1.23  51 


:iii.|ii7 
:ii..i.-:i 


22I1. 


I  liirl- 
1.2:; 

1.24 

1.11:1 


:iii.|i.2 
;i(i.ii7-' 


iiii'i, 


311.11.1. 

aii.ii7.i 


;li..lii:l       :ii..l..4 

:iii.i.7ii      :tii.i".ii 


II 


51    1.47    511    I.4.H    4S 


I. 
1.24 

I. nil 

1.211 
1.4* 


1.511 


1.47    4S    1.47 


lii.li 

4* 

I.IH 

4* 

54 

1.25 

4  s 

.'.:i 

.114 

51 

5ll 

.7*1 

51) 

4ii 

I.:i2 

4S  1 

:is 

1.45 

31 

511 

1.45 

511 

40 

.Ml 

.'ill 

.Ml 

4il 

1.17,1 
I. nil 


,:i.2 
.2.H 
411.3 


lli.ll 
l.lll  11; 

l.lni' 
l.n.-.| 


l.:i:l5    4il.:i  1.: 


1.41'5 
I.I1.5 


:ls.4  l.4';s 
41. .11  l.i'4'i 


M    4.1 


.Ml    4S 
1.24 


4S      .11!)    4.1 


1.211    4.S    1.20    41: 


.11:1    4:i 


77    62 


1.4    411 


•3    51 


-3    411 


1.52 
1.15 


.Ml    4S 


•4    54 


1.21)  I  411     1.124    4.1 


1.1.; 


,111    44      .1.1    40     .'J2 


1.14 


1.15, 
l.lll  I 


1.51 


1.21.    511    l.2l.    4il    I.IH 


l.lll 


17     I.211    4s 


5S    I.U'.i    54    1.117 


I..-.1. 


1.50 


I.4S 


1.47 


40 


.1117 


41I.S     .1147 


.1122    45.7 
.753    4i;.3 


4il.li 


.50      I.11I7 

...  1.M:i 
4s     1.4SII 

...  i  l.s5'l 

...  I  1.1'27 

...  '  1.1:47 
...  1.517 
...     1.15 


l.li.;. 

1.41s 
4S.4  l.si.:i 
51.0  I.s. 17 
51.. 1  1.5*11 
.-.il.s  1.45* 
411.11    l.liili 


1.14s     411.1    1.1'!I2 


1.445 
l.41'll 
1.4s2 


50.7  1.381 
52.5  1.434 
52.:i  1.417 


.llilii    4'.).1 


Miiana  ,1  l(i(i  51.(1  l.liiS  51.'J  I  I117  51.11 1.172  51.11 1.17151.1)  1.175:61.4  1.1 


B.  at  32° I   30.104   |   HO.IOil 


30.1(16 


3II.0.S0  I   ;tii.(i82      :lii.ii>.l 


i  50.8  1.185  50.4  1.1811411.(1 1.182  47.1)  I  171  47.4  l.Mn     4*.il 

'"'  '  no.n.i 


30.110     ao.iii      :to.ii4     30.118     :ii).i27  I  no.im      ito.ino  ,  30.124 
liii.o*,;      ;iii.ii*7      llo.iiiiii       liii.nm      ilii.lo;!  I  30.107       ll.i.loi      nclon 


14 


li 


lot;    i!i:i'(Miii  A  N  i>  iMscrssioN  uy  a  tmosi- iii;  it  ic  r  ii  i;ssr  ii  K 


NoTKS  TO  i'i!i:n:i»i\(j  aisstiiaits 


Si'|iIc'1iiIm'1',  1>.i."i,  Piiiiiiir  iIm'  wlinli'  luiiiitli.  Ilir  riMiliiiir-  wiTr  liikcn  fruiii  tin'  uiii'mid  liiiriniicli'r'. 
'I'lirv  wiri'  ruiniiicil  Ky  iiniiii-^  <>(  ii  liililr  In  llic  i  iiin's|MMii|iiij;  i'i'iicliiij."i  nC  llic  iiici'i'iiriiil 
liiinuiirlcr. 

I  nil.  'rill'  iliitis  Ix'tiiri'  till'  I  nil,  Mi't'i'  I'liiinpil  In  Mil  niiiiliiiil  iiiln  i'l\ll  i koiiiiiK. 

Mill.   Al  II  I'   .M.,  till'  iiiM mill  iMimiiirU'i'  uih  I'I'ImuM'iI  iViiiii  llii-  ruliiii  In  llir  ili'i'k  ;  il  ciiiilip'  nl'  sl\ 
I'lrt  III'  ^'R'Uli  r  I'li'Hilloii. 

I'.Mli.   Al  !•  A.  M..  till'  liiirniiifliT  Mils  liiiiii;;lil    fn lirk  111  niliiii  (^iv  lii'l   liiHir),      Itiii-iii);  llii' 

ImiiiN  "  iihd  .s  A,  .M.,  il  liii'iiiiii'  riilili  r  lliiin  llic  sriili'  riiiilil  rr^'IsliT, 
Ulli-l'.Mli.   A  ('iiri'ii'liiiii  nf   +(Miii(;  iiii'li  liii.s  Ik'I'Ii  ii|i|ilii'il  111  till'  liiirniiii'lir  rnnlinjrs.  In  rrlVr  lln'iii 
til  till'  li'vi'l  III'  till'  niliiii. 
OctiiluT,  Ix.MI.     :illli.    Ki'iiiii  tlii-  iliiy,  ilii'  rc,iiliiii.'s  nl'  ilir  riirrriniiil  luii'uiiirlii-  uri'  ).'i\i'ii.     The  liii.siliuii 
WHS  ill  lliiiiso  OH  (leek. 
^,'itli.   Itiiiilinyi  lit  I,  '.',  IE,  mill  I  I'.  M  .  siiiiiilinl  frnin  llii'  iiiii'miil  In  I'uliiii. 
.Iiuiiiiiry.  Ix.'il.     L'llil.  'I'lic  slur  |ii'(li\ri|  to  llir  linurs  lulttiin  '.i  A.  .M.  iiiiil  iiiiiliiidlil,  iiitllciiti'S  timl  llio 
tli'ciiiiiils  licliini;  In  '.N  iiii'lK"^. 
'.Mill  anil  '.'.Mil.   Tin'  '•liir  iiiilii'iilcs  :j>i  iMrln"i  lis  iiluivr, 
ri'lirniiry.  In.'iI.      I'^lli  iiml  HmIi    'I'lii'  slur  in  llii'  iilucc  nf  tin'  miils  iiiillnitcs  lliiit   tlit'  ilii'iiimls  lu'lmifr 

In  lN  jiii-lirs. 
.Iiiiii',  I'-.'it.     '.''.M  anil  JlM.  Till'  ilii'k   limi-i'  was  ii'innvril;  llic  iin'rciii'lal  liarniiiclcr.  linw.'vcr.  rcnmliicil 

nil  lli'i'k. 

July.  I"-.'!!,     .'ll-l.    r.i'lwi'cii  1  A.  M.  mill  i'  I'   .M  ,  llic  rciiliiJir'  nf  llic  iincmiil  iippcar  In  have  liccn  liiiiil' 
\crli'iiily  iii-dli'il  ill  till'  injiiiiiii  Ini'  ihc  iiici'i'iirial  liainiiiiiir.      In  the  alisinii'l  llic  rcailim,'- 
wci'c  aicni'iliiiL'ly  cxchaii'-'cil. 
Aii(.'n»l,  H.M      ■-'Till.   The  rcailiiurs  nf  the  Iwn  linrnnieler-i  liclwcen   the  limii-H  ;"i  A    M    iiinl   I J  !'    M. 
a|i|iiar  I'l  have  lieeii  lU'ililcntally  e.\i'liiiii|n'il,  ii.i  iiiilieatetl  liy  the  teui|H'riiliire  rcailinjfs.      Aflci' 
',1  A.  .M.   the  iiiicmiil  wa.i  reail,  iiiiil  its  iiiiliciitiniis  were  elianircil  In  ihnse  nf  the  iiiercuiial 
lilll'nlliekT. 
Se|itciiilier.  Is.M.      4th.   The  sinlileii  rise  nf  the  liarniiieter  lietwivn  11  iiml  7  A.  M.  is  iiiilicateil  hy  liotli 
iiislrnii.ents.      ThcR'  is  a|i|iari'nlly  iin  cause  fur  this  siii^'iilar  cliaii(.'e,  fo  far  us  is  slinvtii  by  the 
remaining;  niclcnrnlii^fii'al  nliscrvalinns  al  these  liiiiir.*. 
null  mill  lltli.    liarniiicler  nut  I'eail  ilurin^r  fnur  Imiirs,  nn  aii'iniiil  nf  the  ilarkiiess. 
1  nil.   The  reailiii).'s  al  T  ami  H  V.  M.  were  chaiifrcil  frnui   l".M!.'i  Id  '.".I.. "ill;  a  enrrcilinii  eniilirmcil  liy 

the  anemiil  rcailiiiL's. 
:ililh.   The  liarniucter  slaiiil  reiiinviil  In  the  iiinsl   fnrwanl  slancliinii   nf  the  caliin.      llei);lit  alinvc 
the  water-line,  one  fnnl  .si.\  inches. 
OctnliiT.  lx,")t.     '.M.   The  nri;.'imil  rcenril  lias  the  reailiiips  lid.-.',  ,1(1.1,  etc.,  fur  the  linurs  ni  IV  M,,  etc. 
Il  slioulil  eviilenlly  reml  .'!ii.(Il'.  IID.IU,  etc  ,  as  friveii  in  the  iircceiliii({  alistract,  ami  as  ennlinneil 
liy  the  aiieriiiil  rcailiiifrs.     Similar  mistakes  in  the  ilis|ilacciiieiit  nf  u  decimal  have  necurred  in 
twii  nr  three  other  ea.scs. 
'J'Jil.   .Mercurial  Imronietcr  in  eiiliin  nf;ainst  Ktiinehions  iiiniilslii|is.     Height  nf  cistern,  six  fii't. 
Nnvemlier,  IH.M       till  In  liitli.   No  reeurd  for  this  interval. 

Dis'i'MiIkt,  Is,'i1.      null.  The  star  in  front  of  the  li);ures  imliealcs  Iiml   the  ilecinial  places  refer  to  2S 
inches. 
•Jdlli.  The  mercurial  and  ancmid  liarnmelei's  wen'  remnved  In-day ;  the  mercurial  liaruliieter  lieiiiu 
phiciil  :i\  inchc-  Inwcr  than  licl'nrc,  and  the  ancmiil  placed  l«n  feel  Im'Ihw  it. 


r.KCOItl)    A  N  l>    PISCISSION   O  [■'   A  T  M  O  S  I' II  i:  1!  I  C    I' II  K  S  S  I"  P.  i:.     107 


r 


•liiiiimry,  Isfi,'!.     -.'(illi,  'Jl^l,  'J'.M,  °.';!il,  niiil  lillli.    'I'lii'  ti'iniionilMn'  iiiicliiiir^  ("t  tin Iuvs  liii\i'  lio  ii 

tiiki'ii  rniiii  \>n)ti'  Vii  of  llic  si'cunil  vuliiiiii'  nf  llii'  Niirnilivi'. 
'JMli,  'JCilli,  •.'"III,  •J"<lli,  'J'.llli,  linili,  mill  :ll^t.    'I'lio  ImrDini'lci'  iiml  li'iiiiuniliin'  iciuliiii.''*  Iiiivc  lni'ii 

lakc'ii  IVcim  till'  Miiiii'  |inp'  nl'  llii'  Niimiliit'. 
Till'  liisl  liiiri/.cMiinl  cnliiiiiii  cif  llif  rrdui'i'il  iMirnnii'lcr  ri'iiilinjis  !■*  ili  rivcil  rrmii  llic  |in'ciiiiiiL'  nihuiiii 
l>y  I'lililriii'liii);  li.H-'  I  iiiili,  m>  ik  ti>  allow  I'mi'  Ihc  liili'iiiliii'linii  nf  llii'  ini'iiii'^  •<(  tin'  IihI  m'Vcii  iliiV". 
I'Vlinmry.  .Miinli,  nml  April,  Ih."i,'i.  Kur  llicst'  iiimiiiIis  ihr  urijriiial  rcrcnil  rcnilil  mil  Ik'  fuiinil.  'I'lic 
daily  ami  iiiuiillily  iiu'mM'I  nr  llii'  iiliiin'iiilici'ic  |iri»iii'i'  (ami  iniTi'siiiiiiilin^'  li'ni|iri'aliiri'i,  will 
Ik'  I'iiiiiiiI  ia  Ali|iriiilix  Nil.  \M.  nf  llii'  -irnml  viiliMiH'  III'  llii'  Nan'alivi'. 

lUiiniiil  \'iirlii/l(iii  11/  till  Ahiiifi'/ii  I  if  /';(A.s »/■<', — Tlic  (i)lln\viiij:  tiililo  c.xliiMt.s  tlic 
(liuniiil  clmii),'!'  of  tlic  biirdint'liii!  jircisiiri',  lor  riicli  iiioiilli  of  the  yciir  iinil  tiir  the 
whole  vi'iir,  ii,M  niiidt'  out  I'loin  tlie  iiivct'diii;;  nlistnict.  For  tlic  iiiontlis  lictwifii 
St'[itoiiiljor  iiiiil  .iaiiiiiir^'  (inclusive),  tlie  mean  iVoiri  the  two  f<ets  is  i:i\eii. 


A  lis  III  \ 

IT  uK 

nr,  Mkvn  IIu 

III.V   IlKMilMl.s  111'  TIIK  (ItKIH 

■nil)  It 

MIliMK'l 

nil  .M 

I'MK  I 

K\  t:i.  11 

V  run 

Ska, 

llliiM  ( 

iiM.iiv  \rii'v> 

\r  V  \N  Uk.n^ski.akii 

IIaiiiiiui, 

IIKTWF.KN  Sl:l 

r.  |x. 

il!  AMI 

,lAN.    1 

^ ,'»,'», 

.\liiiii<|ilii'l'ir  l'rr»-iiri'  ill  Mil}.' 

i>li  ini' 

US. 

11.  nr 

X.l'l 

il,-(             Ni,r 

|i>'<'           .Inn           I'.'l. 

MiirrI, 

«fnl 

,M,iy 

lull,, 

l.ilv 

Alu- 

-M - 

ls,..l-.*.l 

Iv.l-M       W.l-'.l 

IV..1-.U      |..',|-V,         |.,i 

I--.1 

1  v'>  1 

I-..1 

l-.l. 

l-,| 

("il 

111 

:;i.tl|-J 

2'.i.7.'.l    •:ii.7.-.i 

•Jii.74ii  ■:',i.7-i  211.11:17 

2:1.7-4    21 

.IMlh     2 

l.ilMll    2 

1.7  HI 

2H.7,''ii 

2\V  *7 

J'.7*;:i 

•i 

.114 II 

.7.-.:i       .7.-.1! 

.7.'.4        .7«2       .11:111 

.7«'.i 

.1171 

.11:111 

.717 

.7411 

.ll'.Hl 

.7ii;'( 

;i 

.tl.'i'J 

.7,''-        .7ii7 

.7..:i        .77-        ,11:12 

.7112 

.117:1 

.1141 

.7I''> 

.71.1 

.(l-lt 

.7'i<t 

4 

.i;;iii 

,7:.:i      .71111 

.7.'i7        .77,'i        .11:12 

.7',!- 

.ii7ri 

.ii:iii 

.71" 

.711 

.i!""!* 

.7'>'» 

.-, 

.i;.'.-j 

.71-        .7.".7 

.7.'iil        .77.'i       .ill'l 

.-ini 

.117- 

.ii:l4 

7211 

.7:14 

.'''.'7 

,''"•1 

1; 

.ii,'.ii 

.7.M        .7.'iii 

.7,'Ml        .777       .1147 

.7:1- 

.1177 

.11:111 

.71- 

.7:1:1 

.<<!<■< 

.'>'i\ 

7 

.ii.'.ii 

.7.-.a        .7.-.4 

.7,'iii        .772       .il.M 

.711- 

.11711 

.1.1:12 

.7111 

.717 

.t;-.'4 

."•'•1 

^ 

.III!) 

.7I.-I        .7lii 

.741        .71I1I       .1147 

.7',i:i 

.1177 

.!i:i,"i 

.721 

.7:lii 

.i;:io 

.7*'.J 

•1 

.Il.-i4 

.744        .747 

.7411       ,7il»        .ii.|ij 

.7:1" 

.',1711 

,1141 

.7ii.'i 

.7:1:! 

.(iiU 

.7  I'll! 

III 

.li.-.ll 

.7411        .7  111 

.74:1        .71I1I       .il.'..'i 

.-ii2 

.11-1 

.1142 

.7ii4 

.7:11 

.i;;hi 

.7t;4 

11 

,i;."i7 

.-•.(1        .7.'iii 

.74.-.       .7114       .iir,:i 

."ml 

.117- 

.mil 

.712 

.7:1:1 

.i!*'.l 

.7-M 

NiKia 

.ii."i7 

.74.1        .74'- 

.71:1        .7il,'i       .I14H 

.-\ix 

.117- 

.!i:i;l 

.71- 

.7:17 

.li"" 

.T'il 

i;i 

.li.'iil 

.7.M1        .71-J 

.7:i.-.       .7il.'i       .1144 

.7ii4 

.11711 

.11:11 

.714 

.72.'i 

.11".") 

.7.'.:i 

It 

.il.-.il 

.717        .741 

.7:i,'i       .71I1I       .111" 

.7:11 

.!it,:i 

.11:14 

.714 

.72  1 

.lot 

.7.'''.' 

15 

.ii.'i2 

.747        .7rJ 

,7:1*       .71I1I       .ilill 

.sii:i 

.117:1 

.11:14 

.714 

.721 

.»>! 

.7';i 

111 

.li.'i.'i 

.7.111        .74> 

.7:i'.i       .7117       .11112 

.-nil 

.li7il 

.ii:i.'i 

.711 

.7,111 

.<M 

.7'i  I 

17 

.(i.'i.'i 

.7.VI        .747 

.7I-        .7711        .1171 

.-112 

.117,; 

.ii:!,'! 

.71111 

,7:iii 

.iW.". 

.7 1,:, 

in 

.llilli 

.7.'i:l       .".'..•i 

.7.-.:l        ,772       .1171 

.-11:1 

,11-11 

.11:11 

.711- 

,7:::i 

.li--! 

.7'>i 

ID 

.II.1U 

."fi.'i       .7.'i:i 

.7.-.II        .771        ,1174 

.-ii.'i 

.11-1 

.im.'i 

.712 

.7.i,'i 

.11".'! 

.7'i'' 

20 

.lillO 

,7.'is        .7.'i'j 

,7:'l        .777        .iliin 

.-111 

.11-7 

.li:i,'i 

.7111 

.714 

.l!'-.' 

.7';:' 

ai 

.llllO 

.7*111        .7'i'i 

,7-''2        .7-2       .liil- 

.-ml 

.!!-.'. 

,;i:i:i 

.712 

,7111 

.I>v 

.77" 

23 

.HAS 

.7.V1       .71.11 

.7,'iil        .7-7        .mill 

.Mill 

.11-1 

,11 II 

.71:1 

,742 

.liMIt 

.771 

"'t 

.Il.'i4 

.7''i'        .7'iil 

,7,'','i        .7-'i       .111. 11 

.7:14 

.:i-l 

.:'l  1 

.7l.'i 

.7  ::i 

.'!'.'- 

.7':t 

Mi.la't 

•Jii.i;.'.! 

•.i',1.7411    ■J'.i.7.'..'i 

21i,7iiii    211.7-4    2!i.ilil(l 

21i.7!il    2 

1,11-11    - 

.i.:il7    2 

1.7I1I 

2:1.7:14 

•J:».tN;) 

J:».7is 

MiMIIH 

J'.i.i,.',:i 

•J11.7.111    ■Jii.7.".:i 

211.74-    2'.i.77:l    2:i,i;.'.4 

2:i.7;i:l   2 

i.i'77    1. 

ii.:i:iT    ■. 

.1,71  1 

2ii.7:ii; 

•J'.>.';'^:» 

j!L7ii.'i 

Owiiij^  to  the  .•'inull  aiii|ilitiule,  the  eolii[i!<iatively  .-hort  period  ol'  oliservation, 
niul  the  uiajiiiitude  of  the  oeeasioniil  diMtui bailees,  the  law  of  the  diurnal  variation 
is  apparently  siilijeet  to  eonsideralile  tliietuations ;  and  it  has,  therefore,  only  been 
iitteinpted  to  express  the  li^riires  in  the  last  vertieal  eoliiiim,  or  the  mean  vaiiatinn, 
niiiiljilieall}'.  rsing  15e>sers  I'ormuhi,  the  variation  can  be  e.\iires,sed  by  liiu  Ibr- 
iiiiila; — 

larlii'.'.  liK'h.  liK'li. 

2ll.7li"4  +  t).lMl:;i  sli,  [0  +  'J!IO^)  4-  (l.dO'J-J  .-1,1  ['1  0  +  'JIM  ); 

(lie  terms  I'ontiiiniiig  ;'i  0,  cte.,  bocomiiis!;  too  .-iiiiill   to  have  any  real  value.     The 
nnglo  0  counts  from  noon,  and  is  cxprosped  in  degrees  at  the  rate  of  1-j°  an  hour. 


hi 

111 


lOH     UIM'Olll)   AM)   DISCITSSION    OK  A  T  M  (>  S  1"  II  I!  II  I  ('   IMIESSUUB. 

Tlu>  ainioM-il  ilin;:riitii  (>.\ljiliitM  tlic  itlmcrvi'il  (by  iIdIm)  iuhI  tlio  cDininitiMl  (\>y  n  liiui 
line)  ilitiniiil  viu'iiitioii.     It.H  |iriiici|ial  li'iiliiro  is  tlio  urti'i'imoii  inllcctioii,  witli  iv 

PlI'llSAI.  VaUUTIMII, 


Inrhi'tt 

r — r 

JH.77II 

.774 

.772 

.77" 

- 

•7tlt 

r 

.7«>1 

.764 

- 

.7U1 

.711(1 

^- 

.7.''>' 

JII.7.V. 



J 

-t-T r     ,— V-- -       -     -^-r— . 1-      ,  •       ■       I        ,       I     S      . 

I    8   3  4    0    U    7    'I   U  II*  U    I   1    8   3    t   a  U    7  «    tl  U)  II  IS   I 


nmxiiinim  i>n'.-sino  at  alioiit  10  P.  M.  Tin-  |iiiiici[):il  miiiinuim  is  roMclicd  at  I 
1'.  .M.  Tlie  10  1'.  M.  inaxiimiin  in  inntn  (  lonrDiinitv  willi  tlif  };i'iioinl  law  ilcdiiccil 
IVuin  iilwoi'vatioiis  in  tlic  iioi'tlicru  lii'iiii.-iilii'iv.  Tlii'  1  I'.  .M.  niiiiiiiuiiii  scfiiis  to 
Dcciir  iilHiut  tliKi'  liuiirs  caiiiiT  tiiiiii  indicated  liy  iniirf  .-tontlii'm  ;<latii>iis.  Kacint/. 
tako.-f  nH  niniilitiido  of  the  diurnal  vaiiatii)n,  the  didiTt'iicc  liflwucn  tlic  inean  of 
the  niaxiniii  and  tlio  moan  uf  tiic  niiniiiiii.  Olliur  nioti'orolo^ist.s  takr  tlio  inaxi- 
iinnu  difli'ioiu'c.  Accurdiiij:  to  tliis  lattiT  view,  wi'  Imvo  tlio  dinrnal  aiiiiilitiidi- 
'J'.'. 7701  —  li;i.7('illl  -  (I.(i0',i7  iiiclii's.  Tin-  diurnal  lliutiiatimi  licrc  cdnHdncd  is 
the  ilmiige  in  tlio  gross  pro.^suru  of  tlio  atinoMiilioro,  tlioro  U'lni;  no  inonii.s  on  liaiul 
for  soparating  tlio  pressure  of  dry  air  from  the  pressure  of  a(|iioou.s  vapor.' 

In  ciinnt'otioii  with  this  siihjoot,  it  may  !«•  slatoil  that  the  latitude  of  Xan  Itoim- 
•■-olacr  Ilailxir  is  almiit  11°  higher  north,  than  the  latitiidi'  (OT)  in  whieh  the  iiiontj 
height  of  the  baroinelor  is  ii  niiniiniim  (at  the  level  of  the  i<ea). 

Aiiiiuitl  Fliiiliinliiiii  iif  llif  Aliini>i}ihi  ric  /'riMiiri . — The  following  is  nn  ahstraet  of 
the  monthly  moans  of  the  harometer  readings  freihioeil  to  ',\'l").  The  values  for 
February,  .^Iarl■ll,  and  April,  Ih'i5,  were  taken  from  the  second  volume  of  the 
Narrative. 


V.ar 

.1,1..             t.  1'           Mir.l., 

April 

M... 

Jiiu.-           Jul)-             Ai,<. 

».|.t 

n.l.           N..T           n.'r 

1 «.-,:) 
l>-.'i4 

I-:,:, 

ili.-i.'i'-    2'.l.tl.'.«    2!l.7!'s 
:iii.n«:i   ;)((.(i:ij    ai.ii;i:) 

2n'.ii77 
■Jl'.'-ai 

2!l.!1.17 

211.711    2l'.7a«  j  iV.ilfO 

21i.(i'12 
2tl.il4.'> 

21l.»l.'>    2li.7l;i    2:i.'-2l 
2U.IWH    2lt.71i2    2(i."i7.'> 

Mi-'HIlfl 

2li.77:t    21I.M;!    21».74.'i 

2'.l.'»l»s 

2!i.l'a7 

211.714    2'.i.7:iii    2'.i.i;i''.i 

2ii.ii.'.;i 

2tf.7.'"    2;i.7.'i:i    211. 7I« 

According  to  the  nsulting  values,  the  lieight  of  the  baronioter  is  above  the  moan 
in  the  months  of  January,  February,  Mareli,  Ai)iil,  and  May,  and  tlescciids  below 
the  moan  in  the  reinaiiiing  summer  and  autumn  months.     The  maximum  iiressiiio 


•  Altliiiu).'li  11  liiii(r  scrii's  nf  liytrruinclrit'  oliRorvntimis  were  iiiiidi',  yi'l,  (iwiiijr  1"  tin'  |H'iiiliar  clilicncy 
wliii'li  ^.iii'li  (jl)srrvntioiis  r('i|iiirc  in  ii  Intiliuli.'  of  sulIi  low  tuiiii>vrutiiri>,  tlii'}'  [iruvi'il,  uii  cluiiv  exumiim- 
tioi    too  uncertain  to  be  rolicil  on  in  thi'ir  results. 


■1 


HBf'Oni)   AM)   DISCUSSION  OF  AT  M  OS  P  11  K  II I  C  IMIKHSUIIK.     10!) 


I 


wn*  ohsorv'il  ill  ^I  'yi  tl>L>  iiiiiiiinuiii  in  Sfptoinhur.     Tlii;  rmv^o  hutwi'i'ii  tiicxi-  twn 
inoiill;-'*  i»  II.2IS1  iiii  li 

Ax»i'«i.  Vauiatjox. 

I    I    \—r 


i     i    i-     I    i-    ^     f     i     i     i    i 

9(       •<;     s        °     A      <       h       i     ■^.       S     A 


->     U4      ^ 


At'cnrdiitg  to  tlic  nliove  (liiij-'riim,  in  wliicli  tlic  dots  iiuliciito  llio  mean  niontlily 
riMuliiips,  till'  liiw  (if  tlif  iimiiiiil  lltirtiiutioii  iIdom  not,  porliiip!',  ii«  iiliiiiilv  iiiipciir  a* 
\\v  might  I'xpcct  iVoin  11  lon^cr-oontiiuii'ii  MTics  of  oltsiTViitiDUK.  In  (In;  niontli  nl' 
•Iiinuiiry,  for  instiincc,  wo  liavo  n  iliiriTcnco  in  Ihn  lu'ifilit  of  tliu  biiiometof  Jil  the 
two  years  (ISni  and  IHo.'i)  of  not  U'kh  tiian  (I.O.'il  iiicii. 

'J'hc  general  law  tiiat  the  heigiit  of  the  iiaroiueter  is  less  in  sninnier  tinni  in 
winter,  is  here  ]irotninentiy  iiroiiglit  out.  In  tiie  following  expivHHion,  1  havo 
attempted  to  exliihit  the  eourse  of  the  aininal  variation: — 

Irii'h.M.  Iii.h.  In.h. 

//=  lil).770  +  (l.llT'.i  *//(  (i)  +  r)  +  (1.0 1 1  x'n,  {■!  0  f-  IDT), 

tlio  angle  (I  eounting  from  January  1st,  and  is  expressed  in  tiegrci's  at  the  rate  of 
:)()"  a  month. 

The  comimlcd  annual  range  is  2'J.S7J  —  2'.t.0r.S  -  ((.207  inch.  If  we  add  0.005 
as  correction  to  the  constant  2'.'. 770,  to  refer  it  to  the  level  of  the  sea,  we  fnid  the 
mean  barometric  heigiit,  in  the  latitude  78°  ;!7'  N.,  20.77-j  inches. 

Irnyiihir  OxriUulimH  of  the  PnnKurr ;  Mmil/ili/  nut)  Ainiinil  F..rlri  im  1. — The  irregu- 
lar cliaiiges  in  the  atmospheric  pressure  are,  like  tho.se  of  the  temperatures,  nuieji 
greater  in  winter  than  in  fummer,  of  which  an  instance  has  already  been  given 
(.sec  the  means  for  the  nionth.s  of  January  and  February  of  18.')1  and  ISou).  If 
we  deduce  the  average  dillercnce,  irrespective  of  sign,  in  tlie  barometric  height 
iK'twcen  any  two  curisecutive  days,  wo  olitain  the  following  table  of  mean  diurnal 
change,  as  made  out  from  17  months  of  observations: — 


.IiiiMinry    . 

Kclirimry 

.Miircli 

April 

.May 

June 

.Inly 


Iiuh 

(i.n 

Aiiifust 

o.ifi 

Sc|iIi'iiiIkt 

o.n 

Oi'l.ilior    . 

0.1-2 

Xoh'IiiIkt 

(i.U 

Di'ceinbur 

o.io 

0.09 

Mean 


Inch. 
U.IO 
0.1 1 
O,!.') 
O.IT 
(l.2<! 

0.15 


rtl 


i'  I 


; 

ii 


no    r.KC'oiU)  AND  KiscrssioN  oi' ATMosiMi  i:k  ic  PKi:ssui!i:. 


In  tlio  niontlis  of  Doci'ink-r.  Jaiiiiiirv,  and  Fuliniiirv,  tlio  viuiiibility  bi'twccii 
fiu'i't'csivo  iliiinial  iiu'iiiis  is  ii  m;»\iiniini,  iim!  in  tlu'  iiuuitlis  ol'  .Iiiul',  July,  iiiul 
Aujrust,  it  ri';K'li('s  ii  miiiiimim  value;  tlio  ratio  of  the  liiirlicst  atiil  Inwost  being  aw 
2i  to  1. 

The  followiiiii'  talilc  foiitains  the  maxima  ami  niininia  of  atino^plu'iie  pivssin'i-  ac 
oh-cTVi'il  ill  i-aili  iiKMitli,  and  tlio  oxtroiiio  raiiL'cs  fiir  oaili  iiiontli  of  the  voar: — 


MlMV. 

MlsiMl 

.M.Nrj{. 

_ 



lUs.lK. 

1      \v.x 

IHl. 

iwv 

KW 

Kll. 

1V..V 

Ilirli.',. 

S'|.l.lnli,r       . 

:iiMi(i 

:;„.-.-, 

lll'.n" 

J'.'. 1*1 

1.11 

O.tul.lT 

ill  1,  .".II 

llO.l.i 

J'.MI 

•J;i.iio 

!.■> 

N.iVfUll'.T 

Mii.il 

mi.JI 

•J'.'.i'.'i 

■JIMH 

I.:i0 

1) mil.  r 

;iii..'i(i 

;in.:t7 

::■.'. Ill 

-'».-;> 

1.1- 

.l;tlill;irv 

:;!t.ii'J 

;iii.;i7 

-■-.^li 

(J'.MiO)     ' 

l.:tii 

Kflini;irv 

:iii.4ri 

•:-.-■! 

i.ia 

Mar.h    . 

:iii.4'.i 

■^;i.l- 

i.:a 

April      . 

:!ii.:i7 

-t'/J"" 

i.ii'.i 

M.iv        . 

:io.4ii 

•JlM'.l 

i.:iii 

.llHK- 

:iii.l:i 

•j:mi 

(I.7M 

•lulv 

•i:>.'.n 

:;'Mii 

o.;i7 

Aiuu<t 

aii.itt 

1!1'.«J 

(I.S3 

Moan  raiiLTO  of  ni'mtlily  o.xtroinos  1.17  incli;  tlio  inaxiiiia  ri.^o,  on  tlio  avoia^'o, 
to  .'jO.31  inclio.i.  a;!il  tlio  minima  fall  to  li9.ll  iiiclios.  A.s  in  the  iireeediiig  table 
of  the  diurnal  lliict nation,  the  ^rroate.-it  monthly  raiijre  takes  |ilai'e  in  December, 
.laiinary.  and  IVbrnary  (l.l'^  ineli),  and  the  least  in  Jane,  .(nly.  and  Aiijriist 
(II. To  inch).  The  ratio  of  liiLdie.-t  and  lo\ve,«t  values  is  as  Ii  i  :  1.  IJetweeii  the 
i'.\tremes,  both  tallies  show  a  roi.'iilar  \i\\  ,rression. 

Tiie  absolute  biizhost  reading' was  .".ll.'.tT  inelies;  it  oriMirred  in  the  inorniiiLr  of 
.laimary  "JJst,  IS-Vj.  The  absiiliiti>  lowest  readiiii.'  was  "JS.Sl  inches,  jind  occurred 
near  noon  of  February  I'.'lli,  iSol.     Kxtreme  ran^re  observocl  iM.'i  inches. 

(If  the  jrales  notecl  in  my  discussion  of  the  winds  at  \'an  Iteiisselaer  Ilaibor.' 
only  the  ibllowiiiji  ones  were  accoinpaiiii  il  by  a  iiotalile  aiuount  of  cluiii:;o  of  utiuo- 
s]iheric  pressure: — 

liefiiio  the  setting  in  of  the  gale  of  December  "JStli,  Ino.;,  the  baroiueti'r  fell  (I  :'i"> 
inch  ill  nine  hours,  or  at  a  rate  of  II. ill  inch  an  hour.  I'or  three  days  ju'eccding 
the  uah'  of  October  lolh,  IS-Vl,  the  barometer  was  \iiy  low.  and  reached  its  lowest 
]ioint  at  the  linur  w  ben  the  gale  was  at  its  height ;  aftrr  this  ti'iie.  it  rose  11.77  inch 
in  eighteen  liiiurs,  or  at  a  rate  of  (I. Ill  inch  an  hour.  Hrfore  the  gale  of  Di'ceinber 
ImIi,  IS.VI.  the  barometer  fell  ll..'!ti  inch  in  ll\e  hours.  <u' II. Il7  inch  an  hour;  and 
bt'fore  the  selling  in  of  tlu'  gale  of  .laimary  l:llli,  Isjo,  it  fell  (I.L!li  inch  in  ele\en 
hours. 

,S/'ilt  uj  til)  lliirniii'  />  f  (/iiiiiii/  till  /■'all  II/  SiiDir  {I'f  Hn'iii). — To  ascertain  whrtber 
there  is  any  ch.inge  in  the  baroinetiic  pressure  caused  by  the  fall  of  snow,  I  liavf 
tabulated  the  readings  during  the  hours  of  precipitation,  and  compared  them  with 
an  e(jual  number  of  ii'adings,  half  immediately  preceding,  half  imiiiediatoly  follow- 


'  .Sii'  i-i'oiinl  mill  rcsulls  nf  my  llis^•us^i(l||  of  (lie  oliscrvnlimi.^  nl'  wiiul-  lU  \':iii  I! 
Viil.  XI.  of  the  Smilh^niiiiui  C'on'.rilmtions  to  Knowledge. 


Mil-  II;u'liiir,  III 


tlio  Ilicaii)  :- 


UKt'OKI)    AND    DISCUSSION   01'   A  T  M  OS  P  II  K  K  1  ('   P  1!  K  S  SU  I!  K.     HI 

iiig,  I'lK'h  fall  .if  snow.  If  snow  IMl  for  less  tlian  three  oonsccutivo  hours,  I  havi- 
taken  no  notice  of  it  in  this  investi^ration.  Tlie  mean  result  from  50:;  hours  of 
comparison,  gave  only  a  (lillereiice  of  O.UUO  ineh,  by  whieh  quantity  the  haronieter 
is  lower  during  the  fall  of  snow  than  otherwise. 

V,ii-lah;i;/,/  of  Atiiiuspfii'rlr  Pirssinr  irllfi  llw  JUndhm  >,/  llw  H7//(^.— The  connec- 
tion of  (lie  atmospheric  weight  with  the  direction  of  the  wind  re.juires,  in  order  to 
linil  its  averag.-  elVect,  a  great  number  of  oh.^ervations,  particularly  on  account  of 
(he  irregular  oscillations  of  the  barometer  in  the  winter  months."  The  following 
results  are  derived  from  a  com[.ari.snu  of  the  barometric  readings  at  the  hours  O 
A.  M.,  no.iu.  (i  IV  .M,.  ami  midnight,  foreaeli  day,  with  the  r.'spcctive  mean  monthlv 
reading  dining  17  months  of  observations.  'I'hes<'  diU'erence  were  then  arran-ed 
according  to  the  directions  of  the  wind.     The  result  is  as  follows  (+  indicatiu" 

f  abo\('  " 

I  below 

Macn.'lii-  (llr,,  li.jn.  Iii.li. 

N —ll.ll'JJ 

^'- '■■•  •  +ii.ii7l'i  O ■'•'Hiiit  iif  tlitM',iin|,iii-,uiv,'ly  Miiiill  lllllllll(■|•(l|■nhs(■l•v;Ui.lll^f,ll• 

— O.liiil)       llicv,.  ilii-iriiuns,  tliiT  riiM.v  Ikj  cuiiiliimd;  )■:.  N.  i;.  —ii.aii  i,,. 

II. (Kill 

-f-ii.ii:;s 
+  1)11 1.') 
. — ii.(i:;i 
— (i.(i:;i 

I'nimldr.il  r,ini|mri.-uMs  ..f  .•alius  iiimI  lui'oiuotn,'  ivii.liiiirs  \]w  laihT  »,.,v  f„iiii,l  ii.iin.-,  i„cl,  „I„n,. 
Ihi'ii'  iiii'iiii  viiliii'. 

It  is  .inly  during  S.  and  S.  AV.  (nuiguetic)  winds  that  the  barometer  rises  above 
the  m.'an  valiU';  during  all  other  winds  it  is  depri'ssed. 

/:,/,i/:n,i  ,,/  t/ir  Ahw,-</i/„rlr  /',•..«((/■(•  to  airh  Wlnil  ,i)h1  Io  l/,r  T<  mp,  ni/,nr  ,,f  //„■ 
.v,„,„,_To  siiow  tiiis  .lep.'ndenee,  it  is  best  to  put  the  relati.m  of  the  atmospluM  !.• 
pressure,  as  well  as  that  of  the  temperature,  to  tiie  winds,  in  an  analytical  form. 
In  my  .lis.Mis>ion  .if  the  observed  temperatures  at  Van  Ken.-^selaer  Harbor,  a  table 
was  mad.'  out  showing  tiie  depen.lence  of  the  temperature  on  the  directi.m  of  the 
wind.  If  we  d.diict  the  mean  elevation  of  temperature  by  the  winds  from  each 
■separately,  we  obtain  the  f.iliowing  table  of  the  en'cet  of  Jach  wind  on  the  tem- 
perature (+  indicating  an  [  'j'''^'"'"!"    [of  temperature):— 


s.  !•:, 
s 

s.  w. 
w.  . 

N.  W. 


Mii^ni>li>'  ilirf>-tii>n. 

N 

N  K.    . 

s.  i:.   . 


de|)ivssion  j 


-I  "4 

(1.(1 

— (1.1 

-t-ii.;t 


11  per 

Mji;:iu-tii-  .liri'.'li..n. 
S. 

s,  w.  . 
I       w.      . 

N.  W    . 


+(i°.(; 
+11.1 
+  (i.i 
—  1.1 


('omiliugO  from   the  north  (or  liel.mging  to  a  (magnetic)  north  wind)  round  by 
E.  t.)  Ibid",  w.'  obtain,  b\-  using  liessers  Ibrmula, 

7'=  +V.0-2  .s//,  ({I  f  -JSt'i"); 
or,  f.)r  the  true  dinctions, 

■/'=  +r.(i'j  .-1,1  [0  4-  ;!^''); 

and  simihnly.  fnim  the  barometric  relation  t.)  the  winds. 

n=  +0.01  Sin.  ,s//,  [0  +  o.jri. 


!■•'■  ll 


I 


112    UKCOUD   AXn   niSCUSSIOX   ok   AT.MOSI'HKIIIC   I'UESSUIIB. 

A  comparison  of  tlie  angular  constants  in  these  two  expressions  does  not  show  a 
correspondenoo  of  tlie  wind  of  niaxiniuni  toniperatiire  with  a  niininnnn  pressure; 
on  the  contrary,  there  is  a  much  nearer  correspondence  of  tiie  wind  of  nuiximiun 
teuiperatiu'e  with  nuixinium  prossine.  According  to  tiie  first  formuhi,  tiie  liottest 
wind  is  from  tlie  direction  N.  K.  i  E.  (true);  and,  hy  the  second  formula,  tin'  maxi- 
mum atmospheric  pressure  is  from  the  direction  K.  (true)  nearly. 


i-'i 


